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Handout- Diane Latta-Brandstaetter 11-28-16 • 0 CA) YLIA- i) • Cy0 "1 (0l q " Il q3 ova b‘aq,, , -AG (-1I\ q C l�I .1 S0) rv.e&S COYOTES URBAN COYOTE INTRUSIONS Download and print this informational page HERE: HFT Coyote PDF 1 ?joW u '° 1 N R_40- '°'`•s- 4- CA n I‘A. a G c�p (A..L.Q S K 1, J.pt k iC e QqP, ^i A -pit ow, co Li 0 -ki- s ---v-Le ° 'd Li } iii o 0._ e. be_04.1 6t it . &k\)J-A-"(-4-1 Urban coyote populations have risen dramatically during the last * 141,4 1 decade, most prominently in Illinois, Colorado, and California, where a NAact rising frequency of attacks on domestic pets and children have (Its c.t-� communities frightened. Given the coyote's ability to reproduce at exponential rates, and the lack of predators that feed on coyotes, their incursions into urban communities create dangerous long-term consequences that are not being adequately addressed by cities or state fish & game authorities. In many urban areas coyotes have become habituated to seeing man's pets and man himself as a food source, which has resulted in countless scary encounters. CONTACT THE FISH & GAME COMMISSION The California Fish & Game Commission is currently being lobbied by animal-rights groups like the Humane Society and Project Coyote to give state-wide protected status to California's coyote populations so that coyote populations will soar. Allowing this to happen could have catastrophic results for cities and towns. (Without mm , orepopulating active predatoranagewillentcontinuethisgrtowing overrunand dangerous our neighborhoorapidlyds. , Click on the button below and send a message to the California Fish & Game Commission stating that you want something done about the increasing threat of urban coyote attacks on pets and children, and that you want the Commission to adopt a predator management plan that considers the local impact of increased coyote and other predator populations. Tell the commissioners to reject the misguided approaches being pushed by Humane Society and Project Coyote. Also, encourage your local officials to stand on the side of the safety of their community and control coyote populations. Tell your local officials to let the Commission know the coyote intrusion problem needs to be solved by less coyotes, not more! Let the Commission know that you want a solution to the coyote problem now. Contact F&6 Commissioners - WATCH COYOTE ENOUNTERS AND ATTACKS o-called "animal activist" groups such as the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) and Project Coyote have marketed the concept of accepting these levels of harm to pets and children as a natural consequence of Mother Nature. Both groups have worked to overturn the current protocols in place with the North American Wildlife Management Model. In place of this model that has served the U.S.'s human-wildlife balance so well for well over 100 years, they advocate that urban communities should "co-exist" with this dangerous predator by keeping their children and pets indoors, and chase after packs of coyotes banging on pots and pans. 7ABoth HSUS and Project Coyote have aggressively promoted this type of wishful thinking, with the sophomoric approach of "coyote hazing". Numerous peer-reviewed studies have shown that such "hazing" has been unsuccessful as a long-term solution: "Once coyotes have begun acting boldly or aggressively around humans, it is unlikely that any attempts at hazing can be applied with sufficient consistency or intensity to reverse coyote habituation.111 Nevertheless, these groups continue to push this fallacy, trying to pass it off as legitimate wildlife management policy that state fish & game authorities should adopt. And, they try to convince communities suffering from coyote issues that it is the only option. Published peer-reviewed studies have demonstrated that most attacks have followed increasingly bold urban coyote behaviors such as sightings during daylight hours, attacks on pets on leashes, chasing of 1 joggers and bicyclists, as well as mid-day sightings in and around children's play areas.[21 This is not indicative of an animal that would be deterred by mere "hazing." And those same studies show that coyotes demonstrating such behavior are likely too far beyond being susceptible to "hazing." In a 2007 study entitled "A Review of Successful Urban Coyote Management Programs implemented to prevent or reduce attacks on Humans and Pets in Southern California," trapping was found to be the most effective way to remove coyotes and re-instilling their fear of humans. In other cases, permanent removal was the only option when dealing with highly dangerous and threatening coyotes.[31 Sc-c- Af--4 A- rsv / 1 [11 Baker, Rex 0., (2007) A Review of Successful Urban Coyote 1/41- A- Management Programs Implemented to PRevent or Reduce Attacks on Humans and Pets in Southern California, Wildlife Damage Management Conferences — Proceedings. Paper 58 [2] Timm, R. M., Baker, R. 0., Bennett, J. R., & Coolahan, C. C. (2004) Coyote Attacks: An Increasing Suburban Problem, Proceedings of the Twenty-First Vertebrate Pest Conference, 1. J al Timm, R. M., & Baker, R. 0. (2007) A History of Urban Coyote Problems, Wildlife Damage Management Conferences — Proceedings, 76 I C OY (11 E FACTS ENCOUNTERS Allik What you need know about Canis latrans, and the e loding population of this dangerous predator. 11116110 11 FACTSFACTS: Coyotes are presently the most abundant : livestock predators in western North p The largest coyote ever recorded was America. There are 19 recognizeda. 74.751bs and 5'7" in length subspecies of coyotes in North America. Coyotes can run almost 40 mph and pi C7 can jump over an 8' fence C 0' 0 Coyotes can have up to 19 pups in 0 ,r each litter. They are the most rapidly o ftt, C2 reproducing predator species. ��.1 isn Coyote pups in urban areas have a ..tiy; survival rate five times higher than COYOTE-HUMA pups to rural areas. _ ENCOUNTERS: In a 2009 study, from a group of Despite extensive population control efforts, coyotes that were tracked from Nov. the coyote is one of the few medium- to large- ' 2005 to Feb. 2006, the breakdown of a sized animals that has enlarged its range coyote's diet was found to be: since human encroachment began. ` • Coyote attacks on children and adults F--. 420/n1,461 Cats have been documented from 1977-2004 Unidentified + n Number of individuals injured in , �� Rodents J..J/0 attacks including rescue efforts 17.8%Lagomorphs� O of attacks were adults 2.' t Bird 6t O who were injured by coyotes �� The number of human safety incidents 6 2 Dates (fruit)6 6/o where coyotes aggressively approached �` a human or stalked small children. In 2004, 135,600 sheep were reported lost to 7 90/ of attacks have been documented coyotes alone, representing 60% of losses due in the span of 10 years, indicating to all predator types and a financial loss of that this problem is increasing. about $10.7 million for livestock producers. For more information visit www.HuntForTruth.org View the entire fact sheet and sources cited at - x• www.HuntForTruth.org/coyote-facts-sheet ..•4,f % View the full size and sources cited here: http://www.huntfortruth.org/coyote-facts-sheet/ WHY THE HSUS MODEL OF CO-EXISTING WITH COYOTES DOES NOT WORK: 1. "Hazing: is not a long term solution for dealing with the rapidly growing urban coyote population. o Coyote experts have explained that "once coyotes have begun acting boldly or aggressively around humans, it is unlikely that any attempts at hazing can be applied with sufficient consistency or intensity to reverse coyote habituation." O Coyotes are smart, adaptive creatures and quickly become accustomed to human interaction, and will eventually not be frightened by hazing, if at all. o Coyotes have already shown less fear when encountering a human who has attempted to haze the coyote. In many cases, they will not react and stand their ground. Hazing is less effective when there is a large number of a coyotes present. o Hazing can pose potential physical risks to people confronting coyotes that Project Coyote and HSUS have not discussed. 2. HSUS states that attacks on humans are rare, but in comparison to what? • Though attacks may have been statistically rare in the past, urban coyote population growth has rapidly increased. The number of coyote encounters has increased; that the number of attacks on humans has already risen and will likely continue to do so. O Attacks on pets and people can be made even more rare, as they used to be, by returning to coyote management policies that have been proven to work. 3. Coyote prey on midlevel predators, which includes cats that are either feral or family pets. o A coyote does not have the ability to distinguish a feral cat from a family pet. • The HSUS believes a solution to this problem is to keep your pet indoors after dusk, but coyotes have been seen roaming neighborhood streets in broad daylight and entering people's property. • Restricting your pet to staying indoors is inhumane and does not give your pet the potential to live a full lifestyle. 4. Coyotes can track possible prey for weeks o Coyotes are known for their ability to be stealthy. They have also been known to return to a sight once they feel a meal is easy to come across. • Documented attacks on children, teenagers, and adults have stated that the coyote has attacked the human from behind. • Are children safe in public areas such as playgrounds where coyotes can lurk nearby? 5. The coyote's rate of reproduction can lead to litters of up to 19 pups. o With coyotes reproducing at this rate, urban coyote populations may soon overrun our cities without management. • Most animals with protected status have reproduction rates of 1-2 offspring; coyotes' litters are more comparable to those of a rat. o And their pups' survival rate increases expoentially in urban enviroments, makeing their numbers increase even quicker. WHAT DO EXPERTS SAY IS THE SOLUTION? There is no single fix to the problems raised by urban coyotes. But, unlike the "co-existing" approach, the experts overwhelmingly advocate at least some lethal controls. Southern California coyote expert Rex Baker, who has participated in writing numerous papers on coyotes, has stated that lethal controls such as trapping and sometimes shooting are the most effective tools in removing problem coyotes, stopping aggressive behavior, and re-instilling fear of humans. Baker has observed that lethal removal of problem coyotes can, in some cases predictably, cause the remaining coyotes to either leave the area or become much more wary of humans, a behavior that may persist for quite some time. There is no scientific support that lethal controls of coyotes increase their populations. Regardless, population sizes are not as important as behavior. .,A li., '':-V Al 4#04114 1 � f r ! ' a Os. I PEER REVIEW STUDIES: Coyotes Nipping at our Heals: A New Suburban Dilemma — Robert M. Timm [2007] A History of Urban Coyote Problems — Robert M. Timm, Rex 0. Baker [2007] A Review of Successful Urban Coyote Management Programs Implemented to Prevent or Reduce Attacks on Humans and Pets in Southern California — Rex 0. Baker [2007] Coyote Attacks: An Increasing Suburban Problem — Robert M. Timm, Rex 0. Baker, Joe R. Bennett, Craig C. Coolahan [2004] Sheep-Killing Coyotes a Continuing Dilemma for Ranchers — Robert M. Timm, Guy E. Connolly [2001] The Urban Coyote Problem in Los Angeles County — Robert G. Howell [1982] MAP OF COYOTE ENCOUNTERS IN ORANGE COUNTY View a map of documented sightings of coyotes in Orange County VIDEOS OF COYOTE SIGHTINGS, ENCOUNTERS, AND ATTACKS Watch here READ ARTICLES ABOUT COYOTE SIGHTINGS, ENCOUNTERS,AND ATTACKS Burbank Residents Inundated.Scared By Large Packs Of Coyotes Coyotes In Hancock Park Have Residents On Edge Irvine father: 'Huge'coyote hunted his baby boy Laguna Beach Residents Warned To Keep Pets Indoors After Multiple Coyote Attacks Coyote drags 2-year-old girl at Southern California cemetery Toddler Attacked By Coyote In Colorado Springs Coyotes attack Colorado man walking to work LEAVE A COMMENT Coyote attacks on humans From Wikipedia,the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search This article contains one or more incomplete lists which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it/them with entries that are reliably sourced. tr., y„r .fir i e4' 44 ''' not fee -,p,,,...7..:.;.,....; ha coyotes tll , l+e ,`'�iw A sign discouraging people from feeding coyotes. Feeding them can habituate them to human presence, thus increasing the likelihood of attack. Coyote attacks on humans are uncommon and rarely cause serious injuries, suhas due to the relatively small suhassize of the coyote,but have been increasingly frequent, especially in the state of California. In the 30 years leading up to March 2006, at least 160 attacks occurred in the United States,mostly in the Los Angeles County area.W Data from the USDA's Wildlife Services, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, and other sources show that while 41 attacks occurred during the period of 1988-1997, 48 attacks were verified from 1998 through 2003. The majority of these incidents occurred in Southern California near the suburban- wildland interface.m In the absence of the harassment of coyotes practiced by rural people,urban coyotes are losing their fear of humans,which is further worsened by people intentionally or unintentionally feeding coyotes. In such situations, some coyotes have begun to act aggressively toward humans, chasing joggers and bicyclists, confronting people walking their dogs, and stalking small children.W Although media reports of such attacks generally identify the animals in question as simply "coyotes",research into the genetics of the eastern coyote indicates those involved in attacks in northeast North America, including Pennsylvania,New York,New England, and eastern Canada, may have actually been coywolves, hybrids of Canis latrans and Canis lupus, not fully coyotes.m Contents I [hide] • 1 Fatal attacks • 2 Non-fatal attacks o 2.1 On children • 2.1.1 California(1978-2003) • 2.1.2 Other reports o 2.2 On adults • 2.2.1 California(1979-2003) o 2.3 Other reports of attacks on adults • 3 See also • 4 References Fatal attacks[edit] Two fatal coyote attacks have been confirmed by experts: • On August 26, 1981, a coyote grabbed a three-year-old girl named Kelly Keen in the driveway of her mother and father's home in Glendale, California and dragged her across the street. Her father rescued her by chasing the animal away and rushed her to Glendale Adventist Medical Center,but she died in surgery due to blood loss and a broken neck because of the attack.'2J41 • On October 27, 2009, eastern coyotes chased down a nineteen-year-old Canadian named Taylor Mitchell. She was on a break from her concert tour when the animals stalked and chased her down in Nova Scotia's Cape Breton Highlands National Park on the Skyline Trail. An air ambulance airlifted Taylor to Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, but she died after midnight from severe injuries and blood loss that were sustained during the attack.W Non-fatal attacks[edit] This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries. On childrenledit) , Vc' ''ff '''86s t ,_,..c E._ lcA.,--cf--5 . �• .. y •"' rye. 0(ft-l. ;,..� c."-- 1 \ C(Av„.�,, e” ✓r „IS Vie. r , p 'x,11 #• 13• .`•11 C`, a . An urban coyote approaches a child in a school yard in Pitt Meadows, British Columbia. While their bushy hair can make them look quite large, coyotes rarely weigh more than thirty- five pounds. Also,unlike some other canids, such as wolves, they are relatively less apt to hunt in packs large enough to take down a full-grown adult human being. Thus, coyote attacks tend to be a greater threat to children than they are to adults. California (1978-2003)[edit] A study published in 2004 documented 35 incidents in which a child escaped likely "serious or fatal injury" if the child had not been rescued in timet These included: b• In May 1978, a coyote bit the leg of a 5-year-old Pasadena girl in the driveway of her home. • In May 1979, a coyote grabbed by throat and cheek a 2-year-old Pasedena girl who had been eating cookies on her front porch. • In July 1979, in Pasadena, coyotes lacerated the leg of a 17-year-old girl who was attempting to save a dog from being attacked. • In August, 1979, a coyote attacked a 5-year-old La Verne girl. Her father and a neighbor saved the child from being dragged off,but not before she had suffered deep bites on neck,head, and legs. • In July 1980, a coyote grabbed a 13-month-old Agoura Hills baby girl by the midsection and started dragging her off. The baby suffered puncture wounds but was saved by her mother. O • In August 1988, a coyote nipped and bruised a 4-year-old Oceanside boy who had been playing in his yard. • In August 1988, a coyote in Oceanside bit the rollerskate of an 8-year-old girl who had just fallen but was chased away by two women throwing rocks. • In August 1988, a coyote in Oceanside grabbed 3-year-old girl by the leg,pulled her down, and then bit her on head and neck before being chased off by her mother and neighbors. • In June 1990, in Reds Meadow, a coyote bit a 5-year-old girl on the head while she was sleeping at a campground. • In May 1992, a coyote attacked a 5-year-old San Clemente girl,biting her several times on her back. The girl climbed her swing set to escape, and her mother chased the coyote off. p • In October 1992, in Fallbrook, a coyote bit a 10-year-old boy on the head while he was asleep on back porch of a residence. • In March 1995, in Griffith Park, a 5-year-old girl was knocked down twice by a coyote before being saved by her mother. • In June 1995, a coyote chased three boys on University of California, Riverside property, biting a 7-year-old. • In July 1995, a Griffith Park coyote was chased away once,but returned and bit the leg of a 15-month-old girl. • In September 1995, a coyote attacked a 3-year-old Fullerton girl in her yard,biting her face,head, and thigh. • • In November 1995, a coyote at University of California, Riverside chased playing children,biting a 3-year-old boy.- • In June 1996, a coyote grabbed a 3-year-old Los Altos boy's head and hand and began dragging him toward some bushes before he was saved by his 15-year-old brother. it • In February 1997, a coyote severely bit a 4-year-old girl in her yard in South Lake Tahoe. The heavy snowsuit she was wearing protected all but her face, and she was rescued by her father. The coyote stayed in the unfenced yard until police arrived and shot it dead. Earlier that morning, the coyote had bitten the hand of a man who was feeding it. • In May 2000, in La Mesa, a 3-year-old boy was bitten on his side,resulting in 4 puncture wounds. • In June 2001, in Northridge, a coyote seriously injured a 7-year-old,but was finally fought off by her mother. • In July 2001, a coyote bit a 3-year-old Irvine boy in the leg while he was playing in his yard. The boy was saved by his father. • In October 2001, in San Clemente, a coyote attacked three children playing on a (1aygroun4t Truman Benedict Elementary School biting and scratching an 8-year-old girl�on tFie back of her neck and a 7-year-old boy on the back and arm. A third student was also attacked,but the coyote only bit his backpack. • In November 2001, in San Diego, a coyote that a family had been feeding bit their 8- year-old daughter. • In December 2001, in San Gabriel, a coyote bit a 3-year-old girl in the head, grabbed her shoulder and started to drag her away,but was chased off by her father. • In May 2002, in Anza-Borrego State Park, a coyote bit a boy,who was sleeping in a sleeping bag, on the head. • In May 2003, in Highland, a coyote came into a neighbor's garage chasing after 2-year- old girl,biting her on the arm. • In July 2003, in Granada Hills, a boy was walking his family's two dogs when they were attacked by three coyotes. One dog was killed and the other injured before they were rescued by his father. • In August 2003, in Apple Valley, a coyote attacked a 4-year-old boy on a golf course, biting him on the face and neck before he was saved by his father. Other reports of coyote attacks on children in California: • On June 28, 2010, a coyote jumped on a 12-year-old girl in Spring Valley. The girl fell backwards and injured her elbow,but she was not bitten.W t • On July 18, 2013, at Forest Lawn Cemetery in Cypress, a 2-year-old girl was attacked by a coyote while playing about ten feet away from her mother, who was visiting her grandmother's grave. The coyote grabbed the playing child and started to drag her off into the bushes,but dropped the child and ran away when "lunged at" by the mother. The child was hospitalized for a 2.5 inch gash to the leg and began precautionary treatment for rabies. Authorities killed three coyotes at the cemetery later that day.181191 On October 9,the mother filed suit alleging that the cemetery,by not warning her of the risk,had liability.Ll� • On November 16, 2014, a woman claimed that her 4-year-old daughter was knocked down by a coyote outside her Hollywood,home. After the attack, the Department of Fish and Wildlife investigated but couldn't find any coyote, and a local television news program described the attack as "alleged".ull • On December 25, 2014, a boy was bitten in an attack by an apparently sick coyote. He was saved by his father. Before the attack, about a block away, the coyote had just bitten the leg of a man walking his children to his car outside a home. After the attack, the coyote chased and bit a jogger on a nearby street but ran away when kicked; the police arrived and shot the coyote, which tested negative for rabies.'121"31 • On January 12,2015, in Ladera Ranch, outside a baby girl's residence, a coyote with a limp tried to attack and grab the girl from her mother's arms . The mother fought the animal off enough to get inside to safety. After the attack, the animal killed two dogs and was being pursued by authorities. • On May 22, 2015, in Irvine, a 3-year-old girl was picking up after their dog that she,her twin sister, and her mother had been walking,when a coyote ran out of a hedge and bit at the back of her neck,but was saved by her mother and other nearby adults. After the attack,the Department of Fish and Wildlife were trying to track and trap the coyote and planning educational programs to educate residents how to prevent and behave properly during coyote encounters. Before the attack, a coyote had chased another girl in the area.t1511161 • On May 22, 2015, in Irvine at Silverado Park, a 2-year-old girl, was in her garage when the door was opened and a coyote in the driveway came in and bit her on the neck and cheek. • On October 14, 2015, in Irvine, a 31-year-old man and his 3-year-old son were attacked by a coyote while they were in a garden.1121 • On October 9, 2016, a coyote bit a six-year-old boy who was playing in Irvine's Springbrook Park. The boy's father along with bystanders shouted at it and one woman threw sand." Coyote attack on teenagers in California: • On July 22, 2016, a coyote bit a 17-year-old girl on her leg at Grant Rea Park in Montebello."' Other reports edit] This list is incomplete;you can help by expanding it. Coyote attacks on children in other states: • In April 2006,two coyotes bit two young children in Bellevue, Washington. They were euthanized afterwards.= • On April 6, 2007, in Middletown,New Jersey, a coyote bit a twenty-two month old boy who was playing in his family yard with a friend.= • On May 21, 2007, a coyote jumped out from a small line of bushes and bit a 5-year-old as he and his sister walked home from a neighbor's house in Middletown,New Jersey. He survived due to his sister's scream when she saw the incident,but needed 46 stitches in the back of his head and rabies shots.t • On December 4, 2008, a nine-year-old boy in Erie, Colorado was snowboarding with his six-year-old brother on a golf course behind his house when a coyote attacked him. He used the snowboard to fend off the attack,but was bitten on the arm. A coyote in the area was then killed,but it wasn't clear if that was the same one that had bitten the boy, so he began a course of treatment for rabies.WJ • In June 2010, a 3-year-old girl and a 6-year-old girl were attacked and seriously injured in separate attacks by coyotes in Rye,New York, a suburb of New York City. The six- year-old was attacked by two coyotes on June 25 and the three-year-old was attacked by one coyote on June 29. There was no indication the animals were rabid,but the girls were given treatment as a precaution.J2411-25] • During a period of two months, from July to September, 2011, three children between the ages of two and six were bitten by a coyote, and a fourth was approached by a coyote within two feet in a neighborhood of Broomfield, Colorado.=All four encounters are thought to have involved the same adult male coyote, who was lethally removed after the last attack. • On August 24, 2011,before noon, a two-year-old Weymouth, Massachusetts girl was walking next to her stroller with her grandmother when a coyote lunged out of some hedges along the sidewalk in a suburban residential area. The animal attacked from behind, knocked the child down, and bit her on the back of her head, leaving a somewhat large wound. The grandmother was having trouble saving her from the coyote, when a neighbor came out of a nearby house and got the pair into the house, shutting the coyote outside, where it stayed, listening,while the homeowner dialed 911. The girl was taken to the hospital to have her scalp stitched.=The authorities hunted the coyote but finding nothing, called off the hunt,but later that night police were called back to the area by calls that the coyote had returned. They shot the animal, and although it escaped, it was presumed to have been fatally wounded,but the body was not found, so the girl began a course of rabies treatments. One week earlier, a coyote in the same area tried to attack a landscaper, who successfully fended the animal off, sustaining no injury, so the area coyotes had not been hunted or trapped. • On October 12, 2011, in Saginaw, Texas the Star-Telegram Deanna Boyd reported that a 3-year-old boy was about to get into the car Wednesday morning for his daily ride to day care and spilled his Cheerios. His mother dashed back inside the house to refill the bowl then heard a scream and ran back outside where she found the boy lying on the ground confronted by a coyote. The toddler, Colton, said he had seen it "coming too fast" and that it had "knocked me over." He suffered a scratch or welt on his right hand that did not break the skin. The coyote turned its attention to the mother and then the father who came out of the house and shot the coyote, which tested negative for rabies.' • On June 22, 2012, at Nehalem Bay State Park on the coast of Oregon, a coyote attacked a 5-year-old girl who was following her family back from the beach on a sand path through beachgrass. The coyote first grabbed a stick which the girl had been trailing behind her, then "lunged at" the screaming child, nipping at her ribcage and feet and breaking the skin on her back,before cutting off the attack to confront her father, who succeeded in driving the determined coyote off. The coyote was not caught, so the child began precautionary treatments for rabies'u • In the evening of March 12, 2013,two young boys in Boulder, Colorado were playing near a creek some distance away from their father, when they were surrounded by two coyotes. The boy who did not run was not bitten,but the five-year-old who ran toward his father was bitten on the leg before being saved by his father. Before this incident, the city had been having problematic encounters with coyotes for some time in the area,known as Boulder Creek Path, including attacks on adults, so they had instituted and just completed a four-week "hazing program" to instill fear of humans into the animals. After the incident, officials hunted down and killed two coyotes believed to be the same ones that had bitten the boy. • On May 16, 2013,between six and seven PM, a two-year-old girl in Goose Gossage Park, Colorado Springs, Colorado, was playing on the slide with her mother and her brother. She came down the slide, her mother caught her, and set her aside, and just in the brief moment when her mom turned to catch her brother, a coyote bit the girl by the head and ran away. Doctors used stitches to close a large gash just over her right eye, and staples to close the gashes on the back of her head. The animal was not caught, so she began a course of rabies treatments.L32] In the aftermath of this and the second attack, -low, authorities conducted a large scale hunt for the animal,which resulted in the death ,f two adult animals. Also,the media printed criticism from area residents that the ,\ authorities had been slow to act to their complaints and warnings that the animals were 1 dangerous. Authorities were quoted as saying that hunting or trapping would not help / because other coyotes would take their place, and that the state "wasn't interested" in 0 ,, spending the money.' • On May 16, 2013, within an hour before the above attack and in the same place, a coyote had attacked a four-year-old girl, knocking her down and biting her on the backside, tearing her clothes. Authorities thought it was probably the same animal, and planned to kill it • On October 27, 2013, a 3-year-old boy in Austin, Illinois within an alley was bitten by an animal badly enough to require plastic surgery. The authorities suspected a coyote, and trapped "a handful" in the area.1 Coyote attacks on teenagers in other states: • On August 6, 2010 in Port Aransas, Texas, Executive Lt. Darryl Johnson of the Port Aransas Police Department told Phil Reynolds of the South Jetty News that the latest coyote confrontation led to two Boys Scouts, 14 and 15 years old, from San Antonio, being bitten while sleeping outside their tent near Pole 3 on the beach. The boys were taken to a Corpus Christi Hospital where they were treated. The boys took preventive rabies shots.m • On April 15, 2011, a coyote bit a two-year-old girl on the neck at a regional park playground in Cave Creek,Arizona. Her parents took her to a hospital for rabies treatment afterwards. • On February 22, 2012, a 17-year-old boy in Hopkinton,New Hampshire was attacked by a "possibly rabid" coyote while walking his dog in the woods near his house. The coyote approached, the dog ran away, and the coyote attacked the boy, who stood his ground and punched until the animal ran off. The boy was scratched by the animal's claws and possibly teeth and so began precautionary rabies treatments.m • On October 15, 2012,. KVUE abc- KVUE.COM Heather Kovar reported a 14-year-old boy in Austin, Texas was knocked down by a coyote then attacked on a trail near his home. Neighbors say they have encountered aggressive coyotes. Texas Wildlife Services said they have had lots of sightings and animal attacks reported. The teen has had a series of 11 rabies shots. • In November 2013, a 15-year-old-girl in Johns Creek, Georgia was jogging in her neighborhood with her black Labrador-mix when a coyote chased her. She hit the coyote with her cellular phone, but fled while the two dogs fought against each other. The teenage girl knocked on her neighbor's door and called her father when she got inside her neighbor's home.m • On July 12, 2015, a 15-year-old boy in Grapevine,Texas was bitten by a coyote when he and his girlfriend were exiting a movie theater. Coyote attacks on children in Canada: • On June 29, 2009, a coyote bit a 2-year-old girl on a school playground in Port Coquitlam, British Columbia. Adults around the school's vicinity rescued the girl and chased the coyote away. • On May 31, 2010, a 5-year-old girl in Vernon, British Columbia was bitten by a coyote while walking with her parents and dog near a greenbelt area at about 5PM. An official quoted in the story stated that there had been four other attacks on humans in British Columbia in the preceding fifteen years. • In January 2012, an 8-year-old girl in Oakville, Ontario was playing in her backyard with a friend when a coyote jumped the fence and attacked. The coyote chased the children inside the house, then stalked around outside the house,but ran away before the police arrived. The authorities killed a coyote found in the area later that day, and the girl was taken to the hospital, treated for bites to the leg, and given rabies shots because it was not clear whether the rabies-free animal that was killed was the same one which had attacked the child! • On September 25, 2013, in St. Catharines, Ontario, a coyote attacked an 8-year-old girl who was walking on a sidewalk behind her stepfather, when the coyote leaped up at her, biting her ribcage. He turned around and saw it biting her foot, and then her torso. The girl was treated and released for "coyote bite." The animal was not found, so she underwent a course of rabies treatment as a precaution" • On June 26. 2015, two coyotes mauled an eleven-year-old girl in Valleyview, Alberta. Her mother sent her to a hospital for stitches.' Coyote attacks on teenagers in Canada: • In 2003, a coyote bit a teenage girl on the arm while she was hiking with her parents on the Skyline Trail at Cape Breton Highlands National Park in Nova Scotia. • On August 9, 2010, a coyote bit a 16-year-old girl's head twice while sleeping in her tent at Broad Cove in Ingonish,Nova Scotia when she went camping with her parents on the Cabot Trail east of Cape Breton Highlands National Park. She was take to a hospital for stitches and treatment to prevent any rabies.m • On May 15, 2012, a 14-year-old boy in Westmount,Nova Scotia wore body armour, motocross pants and boots when a coyote attacked him on a trail near his home. All three protective gears helped him survive the predatory incident.' • On September 21, 2012, a 16-year-old girl was attacked by a coyote in New Waterford, Nova Scotia while she was walking to school. She had heard some growling in the bushes, but, seeing nothing, continued walking and was hit from behind and knocked down. Just at that moment, a car happened along, and the motorist sounded his horn, scaring the coyote away. The Department of Natural Resources hired a professional to trap the animal.'1 61-) Cbt.*J{e �. jo c_4_ 10bCA � Gl. 6 / r it On adults[edit] Much of the published scholarly research on coyote attacks on adults comes from California,but press reports detail attacks all across the continent. California(1979-2003)[edit] Not all the coyote attacks on adults in California between 1979 and 2003 reported by Timm, et al. resulted in injury. In some,bitten articles of clothing or backpacks show that injury was narrowly avoided. In others,the attack was immediately broken off by the coyote once it could make off with an item the uninjured victim was carrying. While several victims were hiking, working, or jogging in unpopulated areas, many occurred at the victim's own home. Many appear to have been "test bites" on people who seemed incapacitated,but as soon as the victim reacted, the attack was abandoned. A selection of these attacks are listed below. Some add context to one or more of the attacks on children listed above. Many began as attacks on a person's pet, provoking sequential counter-attacks.Li TYear of year Location Victim Activity Surroundings Result T'a yof 1979 June Pasadena M Picking up Yard Heel bitten Early newspaper morning Both legs 1979 July Pasadena M Jogging ? bitten, chased ? up tree 1988 Oct. San Diego F Talking on Yard Bitten ? phone Time Year of year Location Victim Activity Surroundings Result T'a yof 1990 June Reds ? Sleeping Campground Hand bitten Night Meadow 1990 June Reds ? Sleeping Campground Foot bitten Night Meadow 1992 Mar. San Marcos F Defending Yard Face bitten ? 1992 April Fallbrook M Working Grove Bitten ? 1994 Mar. Griffith Park M ? ? Bitten Noon 1994 Oct. Griffith Park M ? ? Bitten 5 PM 1995 Mar. Griffith Park F Preparing Yard Bitten Day food 1995 June Laguna M Stargazing Yard Foot bitten Night Niguel 1995 June Laguna M Picking up Yard Foot bitten Mid- Niguel newspaper morning 1995 July Griffith Park M Sleeping Lawn Foot bitten 2:45 PM 1995 July Griffith Park M Sleeping Lawn Foot bitten 4 PM San Juan Ankle bitten 1997 Jan. Capistrano Two F ? ? twice,pulled to ? ground 1997 Jan. San Juan F Lunch pail Capistrano stolen San Juan 1997 Jan. Capistrano F ? ? Purse stolen ? San Juan Before 1997 Jan. Capistrano M ? ? Shoe bitten dawn San Juan Backpack 1997 Jan. M ? ? successfully ? Capistrano defended 1997 Feb. South Lake M Feeding the , Hand that fed it Tahoe area coyote bitten 1997 Sept. Pomona M ? ? Bitten on ankle ? 1998 Nov. Co Mateo F Hiking in a Buttock bitten ? Y group 1998 Nov. San Mateo F Hiking in a Pant leg bitten ? County group 1999 S rin South Lake Two ? ? p g Tahoe area Bitten ? Year Time Time of Location Victim Activity Surroundings Result of year day South Lake 1999 Spring Tahoe area F ? Motel parking lot Bitten ? 1999 May Canyon M Defending Scratched Night Country dog 1999 Aug. Green F Defending Yard "Attacked", 8:30 AM Valley Lake dog captive in car Ventura Bicycling 1999 Oct. County M w/dog, six ? "Attacked" ? coyotes 2000 Feb. Calimesa M Defending Yard Cuts, scrapes, 9 PM dog and bruises 2001 April Pomona 54-year- Defending Yard Leg bitten 4:30 PM old F dog 2001 July Tustin F ? ? Bitten ? 2001 Aug. Hollywood M Defending7 Bitten 8 times 11:50 Hills dog PM 2001 Aug. Irvine F Defending7 Bitten 4:30 PM 2001 Sept. Agoura F Defending "Attacked" 7:15 AM Fought off 4 2001 Sept. Lancaster M Walking ? coyotes with Morning walking stick 2001 Nov. La Habra F Walking Golf course Arm bitten Daytime Heights 2002 May Los Angeles M Wal g king ? "Attacked" Evening Woodland 2002 July Hills, Los F ? ? Arm bitten 6 AM Angeles Woodland Between car and 2002 July Hills, Los M Walking Boot bitten ? Angeles Walking 2002 July Carlsbad F dog, 8-10 ? Bitten 10 PM coyotes Woodland Fractured Defending 2002 Nov. Hills, Los F do elbow, 1 PM Angeles g scratched Time Year of year Location Victim Activity Surroundings Result T'a yof 2002 Dec. Hiasghland M Working Utility work area Pants bitten Evening 2002 Dec. East M ? ? "Attacked" Evening Highland Near 2003 Feb. Lake View "Jogger" Jogging "neighborhood Ankle bitten ? Terrace coyote feeding station" Successfully 2003 Nov. Claremont M ? ? defended self 8 AM w/walking stick Other coyote attacks on adults in California: • On August 6, 2016, a coyote mauled a man who was mending on his car at Grant Rea Park in Montebello.= • On August 7, 2016, a coyote mauled a homeless man rummaging garbage bags at Grant Rea Park an hour after midnight in Montebellou Other reports of attacks on adults[edit] This list is incomplete;you can help by expanding it. Coyote attacks on adults in other states: • On May 22, 2008, 10:00 am, in an unpopulated area of Maine, a hunter was hunting with a friend, staying hidden and using a turkey call,when he was knocked down and bitten by a coyote. His thick hunting clothing prevented more serious injury,but suffered several small puncture wounds and tooth scratches, and one of his teeth was damaged when he was knocked down. The other hunter soon arrived, and the animal fled. After the attack, the victim was treated at the hospital for his wounds and started a course of expensive precautionary rabies treatments.t521 • In June, 2008, in the Shadow Wood area of the Brooks community of Estero, Florida, a woman was walking her dachshund on a short leash when a coyote suddenly appeared, grabbed the dog, and tried to run away with it. She dropped to the ground, grabbed the severely injured dog, saving it from being carried off,but the coyote bit her on the right calf. She was taken by ambulance to a hospital where she was treated for four puncture wounds and began precautionary treatment for rabies, as the animal could not be found and killed for rabies testing right away. The incident was preceded by coyotes regularly feeding on dogs in the area, and followed by authorities hiring a professional trapper to cull area coyotes.= • In January, 2010, in Greenburgh, New York, a woman was taking a daytime walk through a wooded park when she was pounced on by a coyote. She screamed and, although she was aware that experts don't recommend it, she turned and ran as fast as she could and escaped,but not before she received puncture wounds and scrapes to her arms, legs,back, and buttocks. The coyote later attacked a pit bull terrier at its home adjacent to the same park, was spotted and chased by a police helicopter, and plans were being made for policemen with hunting backgrounds to try to track down the animal. The woman's wounds were treated and, although the coyote did not appear sick, she began a course of treatment for rabies.= • On May 22, 2010, a 24-year-old man sleeping on his friend's patio in Port Aransas, Texas was awakened by a coyote biting him four times in quick succession on the arm and hand. When he stood,it retreated to the street,but stayed in the area, watching. The man took a series of rabies shots as a precaution.= • On July 13, 2010, a man sleeping on a beach in Port Aransas,Texas was bitten by a coyote licking and biting his hand. He completed a precautionary course of rabies treatments.= • On August 4, 2010, in Port Aransas,Texas, Port Aransas Animal Control Officer Jim Williams stated "In the 9 and a half year's I've been there, this is the worst I've ever seen it," when speaking to KRIS TV about a 19-year-old female from San Antonio, Texas that was bitten in the head by a coyote. The 19 year-old underwent rabies treatment in San Antonio.= • On December 25, 2010, in Dalton, Minnesota, a 48-year-old man walking his dog near a trailer court when a coyote attacked his dog. While defending the dog,he was bitten on both hands by the coyote.= • January 23, 2011, Port Aransas, Texas, Corpus Christi Caller Times writer Mark Collette's article confirms a sixth person reported a coyote bite in Port Aransas. The man was sleeping on the beach when bitten by a coyote. Police Chief Scott Burroughs said precautionary rabies vaccinations were received.= • In December 2012, in Kent, Washington, a man spent the night in the hospital after being attacked by coyotes in his own backyard.= • On Wednesday, December 12, 2012, at about 2:00AM, in Waltham, Massachusetts, on the campus of Brandeis University, an animal, thought to be a coyote, attacked a student walking back to her dorm. The animal appeared from dense cover and in a very dark location, and quickly disappeared, so the victim did not get a good look. Multiple residents had sighted a pack of coyotes in the area. The woman was treated for a tooth or claw wound.J601f611 • On the evening of October 8, 2012, a security guard was manning a booth at the Bingham Canyon Mine, Salt Lake County, Utah, when a coyote entered through an open door and attacked her. She managed to escape and call for backup,but not before she received defensive wounds to her forearm. The coyote was shot by a policeman and the victim was taken to the hospital for stitches. Results of rabies tests were not available at presstime.= • In October 2012,in Malabar, Florida, a woman armed with a broom rushed to her backyard chicken coop to see what was causing a commotion, when she was attacked by a rabid and extremely mangy coyote. She was being very badly mauled,but was saved by her daughter who shot the coyote and, as she was a trained medical professional, performed first aid and called an ambulance.= • In January 2013, in Boulder, Colorado, officials were trying to decide what to do about coyotes attacking joggers,bicyclists, and dogwalkers on a popular bike path along the Boulder Creek. The jogger who was bitten at first stood her ground and acted aggressively toward the coyote,but then turned and tried to run away, and was then bitten on the ankle.t6511661 • In May, 2013, in Wrentham, Massachusetts, a woman was with her dog at night when it was attacked by a coyote. The woman was bitten on the hand by the coyote while trying to save her dog. The coyote was not caught, so the woman began treatment for possible rabies.10 • In late June, 2013, residents of the Rocky Creek subdivision of eastern Wichita, Kansas received an email from the homeowners' association stating that an irrigation worker had been attacked by a coyote near a sidewalk west of a bridge. The email stated that the attack resulted in torn clothing, not skin,but residents were warned to watch the area.= • On Monday, September 2, 2013, at 5:30PM, a man was waxing his car in the driveway of his home northwest of Cumming, Georgia, when he was painfully bitten by a coyote on the back of the left leg just above the knee. He slapped the coyote with a towel,but the coyote kept attacking,but then the man's white German Shepherd came running and body-slammed the coyote. Both animals tumbled and ran off chasing each other. The dog, "Charmin",returned without the coyote but with a bite wound to the back right leg. The man was treated for the bite and started a precautionary course of treatment for rabies,but the dog's vaccinations for the disease were current.1621 • On Monday, October 14, 2013, at about 5:00AM, on a dark road just outside Niwot, Colorado in Boulder County, three coyotes attacked a 22-year-old man who was walking to work. The attack lasted one or two minutes before the pack retreated. The man concentrated on keeping his balance, wielding his flashlight with one arm and pushing the coyotes with the other, keeping the animals in front of him,protecting his neck and face, and retreating. He landed at least one solid blow with his flashlight to the side of the head of one of the animals. They circled, dodged, and attacked in turn, lunging at his throat,biting, clawing, and landing leaping body-blows. He was treated and released for multiple bleeding cuts and abrasions to the arms,head, face, and neck.L1 Two days later, officials announced the three coyotes had been killed and that none of them were rabid uu • On Friday, November 1, 2013, about 11AM, on a property near a country club on the north end of Mansfield, Ohio, a groundskeeper did not notice a pack of at least three coyotes until one latched onto his arm. The attacking animal was with at least two others. The man knocked the animals off him, escaped on a riding lawnmower, and drove himself to the hospital to have the arm bite wound and clawmarks treated and to get precautionary injections. Authorities responded,but the coyotes were not found. Before the attack,the coyotes had been seen "almost every day" on the nearby golf course.t72J'73J[741 • On February 10, 2014, in Clement Park, Colorado, a woman was walking her dog in a park when a coyote approaching quickly. She picked up her dog,but the coyote lunged at the pair. The woman kicked the coyote, and it retreated. Before the attack, others had noticed aggressive behavior from coyotes in that park. After the incident, authorities killed five coyotes in the area.ail • On March 14, 2014, a man walking his Yorkshire terrier in an alley behind his house in Yorba Linda, California was jumped on and knocked down by two coyotes,which took the dog and ran off. The man had not seen the coyote when it suddenly jumped on his back.' • At about 7:00AM on Tuesday, March 25, 2014, a woman walking her dog on a street in a residential neighborhood of Orangeburg,New York was attacked by a rabid coyote. She used her jacket as a shield and escaped with the help of neighbors. Police shot the coyote in a nearby backyard, EMTs treated her leg and took her to the hospital, and animal control officers collected the body and sent it to a New York State Troopers laboratory in Albany where it tested positive for rabies.m781 • On Monday, March 31, 2014, in a wooded area of Gibson Township, Pennsylvania, a man was bitten by a coyote while breaking up a fight between it and his dog. He then shot the coyote. The dog was unhurt, and the man began rabies treatments.WJ • On Thursday, May 14, 2014, in a wooded area on the campus of The University of Colorado,Boulder, a man was walking his dog on leash when it was attacked by a coyote. While defending the dog, the man was bitten on the arm. He kicked the coyote and swung a stick at it, and it ran away. Before the attack,the coyote had been following them for some time. After the attack, university authorities had warning signs put up and arranged for experts to study the matter.t • On Wednesday, May 14, 2014, in Bourne, Massachusetts, a man was attacked by a pack of three coyotes outside his house while defending his 5-year-old boxer. The pair managed to drive the pack away,but not before sustaining bite wounds. Before the attack, coyotes had killed the man's cats and attacked his neighbor's dog. After the attack, the man called animal control officers, who agreed to visit the man's home to discuss the matter the following morning. • On Thursday, September 25, 2014, in Okatie, South Carolina, a person was bitten by a rabid coyote. It was the fourth coyote to test positive for rabies in Beaufort County in the year. • On Saturday, October 4, 2014, about a mile and a half on a bicycle path from the Pleasant Hill Road entrance into Black River Wildlife Management Area a rabid yet apparently healthy coyote launched itself at a cyclist causing him to dismount. During the ensuing fight, which lasted about two or three minutes,he used the bicycle to defend himself and to attack the coyote, which launched approximately eight or nine bite attempts, including open-mouthed leaps at his face. At one moment he had to hold the bicycle and coyote off the ground with the coyote. He finally slammed the bicycle on the paw and the coyote ran off. Before the attack,the man was already tired from riding on the trail. After the attack, he was so tired that he wouldn't have been able to fight much longer, and had difficulty fleeing due to exhaustion, coyote-mangled bicycle tires, and fear not letting him rest. He was not bitten,but began precautionary treatment for rabies because of the coyote's saliva on his skin. Later that day, another park visitor had been approached by the coyote, and another cyclist was bitten on the leg. The next day, they coyote was killed in a fight with a hunter, who was bitten.ux • On Sunday, October 5, 2014, at 12:55PM, in Black River Wildlife Management Area in Chester Township,NJ, a hunter was bitten by a rabid coyote. The hunter killed the animal before police and Fish and Wildlife officers could arrive. The coyote tested positive for rabies. Two days before the attack, a cyclist had been bitten and another attacked. • On Tuesday, October 14, 2014, at about 9PM, while walking on a street in a wooded residential area of Clinton, Connecticut, a 35-year-old man was attacked by a canid, probably a coyote,but possibly a coywolf. The animal leaped up and bit him severely on the face. Before the attack, coyotes had been detected in the area. After the attack,the man was given 14 stitches to the left of his nose,began precautionary rabies treatments, and an appointment to return for evaluation for plastic surgery. The coyote was not found.VAI • On the morning of Monday, November 18, 2014, in Greenland,New Hampshire, a woman walking her retriever was attacked by a coyote in a field behind her house. The coyote was not seen until it charged,biting both. Her husband heard the commotion and drove his truck into the field and tried but failed to drive the animal away with it. He had a gun,but the coyote was too close to the pair to aim at it, so he shot into the air trying but failing to scare it away. The dog was being credited with finally driving the animal off, although the dog was bitten many times. After the attack, the woman and dog were given medical treatment for multiple coyote bites, and both she and her husband started precautionary rabies treatments. Before the attack, coyotes had been often heard,but not often seen in the area.= • On December 25, 2014,just after 6PM, in Fremont, California, the leg of a man walking his children to his car outside a home was bitten by an unhealthy-looking coyote. The man and the children escaped into the house. The man was treated at the hospital. After the attack, a boy was bitten by the coyote about a block away,but saved by his father, and then a jogger on a nearby street was chased by the coyote which ran away when kicked, and police arrived, shot the coyote, and sent the body to be tested for rabies.= • On January 5, 2015, in Groveland, Massachusetts two men were attacked outside their houses. One of them had his four-year-old daughter with him.= • On January 20, 2015, in a residential area of Kensington, San Diego, California a woman was attacked while jogging. While trying to run away, she was bitten on the leg. She then stopped and shouted and acted threateningly toward the animal, and it eventually ran off. After the attack, the bite wound was treated at the hospital and she began precautionary rabies treatments, the authorities stated the animal was a threat and were planning to remove it from the neighborhood.= • On April 6, 2015, a man was bitten on the calf by a coyote on the three-acre property outside his home in Saddle River,New Jersey. Earlier,the coyote had attacked a Labrador Retriever and left seven dead pups in the area. Initially, the man scared off the coyote,but when his back was turned, it bit him from behind. Authorities tracked and killed the animal, which tested positive for rabies.'891f9°1 • On July 11, 2016, a rabid coyote mauled a visitor at Leita Thompson Memorial Park in Roswell, Georgia.= • On July 27, 2016, a coyote bit a fifty-three-year-old man in Manchester,New Jersey's Pow Mia Memorial Park. The man was taken to Ocean Medical Center in Brick, where doctors stitched up his wounds.= • On August 7, 2016, a woman was bitten by a coyote while walking her dog outside the Cowesett Hills apartment complex in Warwick, Rhode Island.= • On August 8, 2016, a rabid coyote mauled a man who was walking in the woods with his two daughters in Lincoln, Pennsylvania.L • On October 2, 2016, a coyote bit two women and a domesticated dog in Wolcott, New York. Coyote attacks on adults in Canada: • On February 10, 2010 in Saint-Charles,New Brunswick, a woman brought her puppy on leash outside in the middle of the night to relieve himself, when a coyote suddenly appeared and made for the dog. The woman tossed the puppy about ten feet away to save it, and the coyote turned on her. The pair fought for more than ten minutes until the woman managed to land a left hook to the jaw, and the animal finally ran off. The woman was not seriously injured, although she needed a bandage on the knuckles of her left hand and a tetanus shot.' • In September, 2012, in Kamloops, British Columbia, a man on a bicycle was attacked by a coyote and forced to stop and fend it off. He used his bicycle to defend himself and stood his ground and behaved aggressively and the coyote soon ran off.1 • On May 21, 2013, in Kamloops, British Columbia, a coyote attacked a camper in a sleeping bag,but he was not in a tent. The man drove himself to the hospital to get his wounds stitched. The coyote was described as somewhat large and healthy-looking. Conservation officers began hunting for the coyote.im • On December 11, 2013, in Summerland, British Columbia, a pack of three coyotes surrounded and attacked a woman walking her friend's Labradoodle. Although her heavy winter coat took most of the damage, she suffered defensive wounds to the left hand. As a result of this attack, authorities began a cull of area coyotes.19-91 • On January 20, 2014, in Markham, Ontario,two women were bitten by wild canids. Coyotes were suspected. um • On Monday June 23, 2014, at about 4:00PM, in a residential area Thornhill, Ontario, two women were attacked by two wild canids, thought to be coyotes, coywolves, or coydogs, or lupine feral dogs,biting one of them on the leg and the other on the hip. Both were treated for injuries and began preventive treatment for rabies. Earlier that day, in a nearby area,the same two coyotes had tried to attack at least three other people who escaped into their houses and called police, who arrived and shot at the animals, driving them off while perhaps wounding one of them. At last report, the animals had not been caught, and officials had cancelled city-run outdoor activities and were advising residents to be careful when venturing outdoors, especially with children or domesticated animals.t101Jf021 • On Saturday, July 19, 2014, at about 4:00pm, outside her home in Gravenhurst, Ontario, a woman was exercising her two American Bulldogs when the female dog, which had a neurological disorder, was attacked by an eastern coyote. The woman than attacked the wild dog,but it fought her off and returned to attack the dog three times. Then, the male dog managed to slip its collar and chase off the coyote. The woman suffered multiple tooth drags and scratches. After the attack, the doctor ordered the woman to begin a series of painful rabies treatments, and had difficulty determining which authority or authorities to properly file a report to, and the neighbors began carrying clubs when outdoors. Before the attack,the wild animal had been following them for a short time.i'031 See also[edit] • Death of Azaria Chamberlain • Death of Kenton Joel Carnegie • List of wolf attacks in North America References[edit] 1. Jump up ^Dell'Amore, Christine(March 2006). "City Slinkers".Smithsonian.Smithsonian.Retrieved June 14, 2012. 2. ^Jump up to:'4£ "Coyote Attacks:An Increasing Suburban Problem"(PDF).Archived from the original (PDF)on September 26, 2007.Retrieved August 19,2007. 3. Jump up A Kays,Roland; Curtis,Abigail;Kirchman,Jeremy J. "Rapid adaptive evolution of northeastern coyotes via hybridization with wolves". Rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org. Retrieved 2014-07-04. 4. Jump up A Coyote Attacks on Children.Varmintal.com.Retrieved on July 9,2011. 5. Jump up A http://www.cnn.com/2009/SHOWBIZ/Music/10/29/canada.singer.killed/ 6. ^Jump up to:gk Timm„Robert M, University of California,Davis;Baker,Rex O.;Bennett,Joe R.; Coolahan, Craig C. (2004-03-03). ";Coyote Attacks:An Increasing Suburban Problem".Hopland Research and Extension Center.pp. 47-49.Retrieved 2012-06-25.From the information gathered, we now list 89 coyote attacks in California(incidents when one or more coyotes made physical contact with a child or adult, or attacked a pet while in close proximity to its owner) (Table 1).In 56 of these attacks, one or more persons suffered an injury.In 77 additional encounters(not listed), coyotes stalked children, chased individuals, or aggressively threatened adults.In 35 incidents(not all listed), where coyotes stalked or attacked small children, the possibility of serious or fatal injury seems likely if the child had not been rescued. 7. Jump up A http://www.eastcountymagazine.org/coyote-attacks-12-year-old-spring-valley 8. Jump up A Venegas,Ana(22 July 2013). "2-year-old recovering from coyote attack at Cypress cemetery". ORANGE COUNTY REGISTER.Retrieved 23 July 2013. 9. Jump up A Foxhall,Emily(23 July 2013). "2-year-old girl in 'good spirits'after coyote attack at O.C.". Los Angeles Times.Local News: Tribune Newspaper Websites.Retrieved 24 July 2013. 10. Jump up A City News Service. "Woman sues Forest Lawn after coyote attack while visiting her mother's grave".LA Daily News.Retrieved 27 October 2013.According to the suit, it happened because of insufficient gating and the lack of other preventive measures by cemetery officials. The park also allegedly failed to warn visitors of the risk of being in a cemetery where the wild animals freely roamed, the suit states. Teroganesian suffered"various severe and permanent injuries"because of the incident, according to the complaint. 11. Jump up A Cheng,Kimberly(November 21, 2014). "Woman Claims 4-Year-Old Daughter Was Attacked by Coyote Outside Hollywood Home". ktla.com. Tribune.Retrieved 1 December 2014. The Department of Fish and Wildlife were investigating an alleged coyote attack involving a 4-year-old girl in Hollywood. The incident reportedly occurred Sunday morning in the Hollywood Dell area. 12. Jump up ^ "Fremont Police Kill Coyote After It Attacked Residents On Christmas Afternoon". CBS SF Bay Area. CBS.December 26, 2014.Retrieved 31 December 2014. 13. Jump up A Bender,Kristen J. (Dec 30, 2014). "California Coyote That Bit Man. Child Not Rabid". abcnews.go.com. ©2015 ABC News Internet Ventures.Retrieved 3 January 2015.A state Department of Public Health tested its brain tissues and determined it did not have rabies... 14. Jump up ^ Cheng,Kimberly(January 14, 2015). "Woman Claims Coyote Tried to Grab Baby From Her Arms in Ladera Ranch".KTLA Channel 5.ABC News.Retrieved 20 January 2015. 15. Jump up A Amy Powell and Melissa MacBride(May 23, 2015). "3-YEAR-OLD GIRL BITTEN BY COYOTE IN IRVINE". abc7.com.ABC Inc.,KABC-TV Los Angeles.Retrieved 10 October 2015.A 3-year- old girl playing with her sister and mother was attacked from behind by a coyote Friday at a park in Irvine. The girl was bitten in the neck shortly before 6 p.m.at Silverado Park at Silverado and Equinox. Ginna McKenna heard screams and ran over to help. "I ran across the park,"McKenna said. "They said that the coyote charged the little girl. They were two twins and they were playing and supposedly it went after one girl."The girl was taken to a hospital and was released hours later with minor cut in the neck. California Department of Fish and Wildlife officials responded, but the coyote took off and remained at large. They recommend removing pet food and water from reach. "When you remove the attractants, they have to move on back to their natural habitat to survive,"Lt.Kent Smirl said. "So it's a matter of education.It takes persistence, consistency and patience." 16. Jump up A Schwebke, Scott(May 25, 2015). "Neighborhood on edge after coyote attacks girl in Irvine park". The Orange County Register.Retrieved 8 July 2015. 17. Jump up A http://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/Irvine-Family-Injured-in-Coyote-Attack- 333156711.html 18. Jump up A http://www.ocregister.com/articles/coyote-731966-boy-hughan.html 19. Jump up A http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2016/08/09/4-coyotes-euthanized-after-spate-of-attacks-at- montebello-park/ 20. Jump up A http://www.theolympian.com/living/artic1e25248901.html 21. Jump up A http://www.poconorecord.com/article/20070701/OUTDOORS24/707010354 22. Jump up A http://www.nbcnews.com/id/18807033/ns/us_news-life/t/second-child-attacked-coyote-nj- town/#.V9hWmBQldz8 23. Jump up A "Erie Boy Undergoing Rabies Treatment After Coyote Attack".ABC 7 News,Denver, CO. 7 December 2008.Retrieved 22 May 2013. The boys said the coyote started circling Tony. Tony tried to fend it off, but the coyote eventually bit him from behind. "Vincent saw a coyote up there, but I didn't(at first)," said Tony. "I wasn't screaming really loud, but I was screaming, Tony!Tony!,"said Vincent. Tony kept his snowboard between himself and the coyote. "But then(the coyote)stopped and went the other way and bit him,"said Vincent. "I pushed him away and then he started circling again,"said Tony. Tony then got his own lick in with his snowboard.I whacked him." 24. Jump up A Coyote Attack-Rye PD Press Conference and Statement.MyRye.com.Retrieved on May 10, 2011. 25. Jump up A http://abcnews.go.com!US/wireStory?id=11051852 Play Moves Indoors Near NYC After 2 Coyote Attacks,Associated Press,via ABC News/U.S.,June 30,2010.Retrieved June 30,2010 26. Jump up A Assessment of Human-Coyote Conflicts:City and County of Broomfield,Colorado Memo and final report.Retrieved on June 5,2012. 27. Jump up A "Report:One coyote responsible for four summer attacks in Broomfield".Broomfield Enterprise.May 10, 2012.Retrieved June 5, 2012. 28. Jump up A Brogadir,Josh (24 August 2011). "Coyote attacks two year-old girl in Weymouth.MA".New England Cable News.Retrieved 11 August 2013. "She was walking along and from behind a coyote came up and knocked the baby down and took a bite from the back of her head, a pretty good sized bite, "said Robin Gallagher, the aunt of the two-year-old girl who now has stitches in her head. 29. Jump up A Schiavone, Christian(25 August 2011). "Weymouth Police believe toddler-biting Coyote is dead". The Patriot Ledger.Retrieved 11 August 2013.Police believe a coyote that attacked a toddler on Wednesday has most likely died after being shot by an officer later that night.Lt.Richard Fuller said there have been no sightings of the animal since police were called to a Main Street home at about 8:20 p.m. Wednesday, where an officer fired two shots at the coyote, which then ran into the woods.Police continued searching the woods in South Weymouth on Thursday. They didn't find the coyote, but did find blood they believe came from the animal,Fuller said. "They haven't found it yet and their belief is that it's probably expired,"he said. "We're hopeful it's deceased deep in the woods."Local police and state Environmental Police began searching for the coyote after it approached a 2-year-old girl on Clarendon Street at about 11:30 a.m. Wednesday, bit her on the head and then ran into the woods.She was treated at South Shore Hospital and began receiving shots to prevent rabies. The search was called off after several hours, but police were called back in the evening when the coyote reappeared. 30. Jump up A Boyd,Deanna(October 7, 2011). "Coyote confronts 3-year-old at Saginaw home". Star- Telegram.Retrieved 15 November 2013.Her husband,Jarred Coursey, who had been showering, hurried outside and found the coyote still standing there. With his wife and Colton safe inside and his 1-year-old son still strapped inside the car--and oblivious to what was happening--Jarred ran back inside,grabbed a shotgun and fatally shot the animal. "It never left the yard,"Jarred said. "It never acted afraid.Normally coyotes would run off It was standing its ground.It was almost as if it was wanting something from us, like it expected us to give it something. We don't know if it was sick or what." 31. Jump up A "5-year-old on coyote encounter: 'I only feeled his teeth'I Local&Regional j KATU.com- Portland News.Sports. Traffic Weather and Breaking News-Portland. Oregon".KATU.com.Retrieved 2014-07-04. 32. Jump up A "Toddler Attacked By Coyote In Colorado Springs". CBS NEWS LOCAL. CBS Denver. Retrieved 19 May 2013. 33. Jump up A Vogrin,Bill(30 May 2013). "Coyote attacks cause Colorado Springs residents to question wildlife policies". Colorado Springs Gazette.Retrieved 7 June 2013. "Of course, a second child was mauled by a coyote a short time later, triggering a full-scale hunt that resulted in two adult coyotes being killed by CPW officers at the park along Monument Creek north of Fillmore Street. On Wednesday,I called the agency to learn lab results of the coyotes'remains and to give wildlife officials a chance to respond to complaints they've been slow to act "There's no way you can remove all coyotes from an area," Churchill said. "If you have the habitat,you are going to have coyotes."And the state isn't interested in spending thousands of dollars to trap and remove "good"coyotes from cities,she said. 34. Jump up A Oravetz,Janet. "Coyote attacks two small children at park".NBC. Retrieved 19 May 2013. 35. Jump up ^http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/11/15/emeil-hawkins-coyote_n 4283549.html 36. Jump up " 12 August 2010 Port Aransas South Jetty News http://www.portasouthjetty.com/news/2010- 08-12/Island_Life/Coyote_control.html 37. Jump up ^http://archive.azcentral.com/12news/news/articles/20110420cave-creek-toddler-bit-coyote- abrk.html 38. Jump up " "Possibly rabid coyote attacks NH teen".Bangor Dailty News. 23 February 2012.Retrieved 2 October 2013.New Hampshire officials say a teenager walking his dog in Hopkinton was attacked by a coyote and is receiving a course of rabies shots as a precaution.Fish and Game officials say the teen, whose name was not released, was walking the family dog in a wooded area near his home when the coyote approached.His dog ran and the coyote attacked the teenager....Officials say the teen punched the coyote repeatedly in the nose until it ran off The teenager was scratched and possibly bitten by the coyote." 39. Jump up ^Austin,Texas.KVUE abc KVUE.com- 16 October 2012 http://www.kvue.com/news/Austin- teen-says-coyote-attacked-him-174283131.html 40. Jump up " http://northfulton.com/stories/Coyote-attacks-teen jogger-in-Johns-Creek,12976 41. Jump up ^http://www.cw33.com/2015-7-15/coyote-bites-teen-outside-grapevine-movie-theater/ 42. Jump up " http://bc.ctvnews.ca/toddler-attacked-by-coyote-in-vancouver-suburb-1.412496 43. Jump up ^ "Coyote attacks 5-year-old Okanagan girl". Global News, CHBC News. 1 June 2010. Retrieved 22 May 2013.A young Vernon girl is recovering after being attacked by a coyote Monday afternoon. The girl suffered minor puncture wounds when the animal attacked as the family walked their small dog in a greenbelt area near Alexis Park Drive and 35th Avenue at 5pm. Conservation Officer Josh Lockwood says coyote attacks in BC are rare, with only four attacks on humans in the last 15 years. "In this incident, the people walking had a small dog which probably attracted the coyote's attention to them," says Lockwood. The animal was not found following a search by a special response team. 44. Jump up ^ "Coyote shot near Toronto after girl bitten". CBC News: Toronto. 20 January 2012.Retrieved 4 July 2014. 45. Jump up ^Fraser,Don. "Family sounds alarm after coyote bites child". The St. Catharines Standard. Retrieved 26 October 2013.Kevin Gaudet, stepdad to Dakota, 8,says the two were together on the sidewalk last Sept. 25, when the animal lunged at the girl and bit her ribcage area. "I turned around, it had a hold of her foot, the animal was about knee-high,"he said, adding it then bit Dakota further up her torso. "If I'd grabbed a hold of it,I was going to break its neck....Dakota was taken to St. Catharines hospital, where it was assessed as a coyote bite, they say....as it could not isolate the animal for a 10-day observation period, locate the animal or confirm its health status, it recommended the anti-rabies vaccine as a "precautionary measure." 46. Jump up ^http://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/alberta-girl-recovering-after-suspected-covote-attack-1.2445128 47. Jump up ^http://www.capebretonpost.com/News/Local/2010-08-11/article-1665077/Campers-undeterred- by-coyote-attack/1 48. Jump up " "Nova Scotia Coyote Bites Teen". CBC News.May 15, 2012.Retrieved May 17, 2012. 49. Jump up ^ "Coyote attack has New Waterford on alert". CBC News Nova Scotia.Retrieved 2012-09-22. 50. Jump up ^http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2016/08/09/4-coyotes-euthanized-after-spate-of-attacks-at- montebello-park/ 51. Jump up ^http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-coyote-attacks-20160809-snap-story.html 52. Jump up A Remington, Tom (May 27, 2008). "Maine Hunter And Outdoor Writer Attacked By Coyote". Mainehun.Maine Hunting Today, a project of Skinny Moose Media,LLC.Retrieved 27 January 2015. The two were fully camouflaged and set up for turkey hunting. Cardilli was using a slate call to call in gobblers for his friend when he was hit hard from the backside and toward his left by a full grown adult coyote. Cardilli thinks the coyote had been stalking his slate calls and picked up on his movements while calling. 53. Jump up ^Finney, Valli(9 June 2008). "Coyote bit Estero woman in latest attack, report says".Naples Daily News.Retrieved 4 July 2013. 54. Jump up "Bookman, Sandra(27 January 2010). "Hunt on for Greenburgh coyote that attacked woman". Eyewittness News, WABC-TV, Channel 7. 55. A Jump up to:t e Powell,Jaime(July 31, 2010). "Coyote incidents increasing: Two people in Port Aransas bitten while asleep outside". Corpus Christie Caller-Times. Scripps Interactive Newspapers Group. Retrieved 14 November 2013.He bit me four times real quick on the arm and hand,"said Blanton Robertson, 24, who was asleep on a friend's patio near 11th Street when he was bitten in late May. "I hopped up to my feet, and we ran the coyote off.But he stood there in the street and kind of looked at us for a while. 56. Jump up ^Port Aransas KRIS TV#4300583-04 August 2010 http://www.kristv.com/news/port-a- coyote-attacks-continue-teenage-girl-recovering-after-face-bitten/ 57. Jump up ^ "48-year-old Dalton.MN Man Bitten by Coyote". WDAZ.com. WDAZ Channel 8 ABC Network. 29 December 2010.Retrieved 25 July 2013. The Otter Tail County Sheriffs Department says a 48-year-old man was attacked by a coyote.Martin Frohnapfel was walking his dog near a trailer court in Dalton,MN, when a coyote tried to attack the dog.Frohnapfel stepped between them, to fight off the coyote, and was bitten on both hands. 58. Jump up ^Corpus Christi Caller Times 29 January 2011 caller.com http://www.caller.com/news/2011/j an/29/port-aransas-tries-to-control-coyotes-after-of/ 59. Jump up ^ "Kent man attacked by coyotes in his own backyard I Local&Regional[Seattle News. Weather. Sports.Breaking News".KOMO News.Retrieved 2014-07-04. 60. Jump up A "Brandeis Student Attacked.Possibly By A Coyote". WBZ-Boston.December 13, 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2013.A student at Brandeis University is recovering from what the school is calling a possible coyote attack. 61. Jump up ^ "Possible coyote attack at Mass. university". WBZ-CBS Boston.December 13, 2012.Retrieved 20 October 2013.Brandeis University is telling students to be on the lookout for wild animals. The Waltham,Mass.school sent out an advisory saying a female student was possibly bitten by a coyote Wednesday morning.It has not been confirmed that the animal was, in fact, a coyote. 62. Jump up ^Prettyman,Brett(9 January 2012). "State officials investigate coyote attack on Kennecott guard". The Salt Lake Tribune.Retrieved 9 January 2013. 63. Jump up ^ "Woman attacked by coyote in Brevard Co. -FOX 35 News Orlando".Myfoxorlando.com. Retrieved 2014-07-04. 64. Jump up ^ "Plan In The Works To Curb Aggressive Coyotes In Boulder o CBS Denver". Denver.cbslocal.com. 2013-01-05.Retrieved 2014-07-04. 65. Jump up ^ Catrina Linhard(2013-01-03). "Coyote bites jogger near Boulder Creek Path prompting high foot patrol".KDVR.com.Retrieved 2014-07-04. 66. Jump up ^ "Elderly Brevard County woman attacked by coyote". October 26, 2012.Retrieved 21 October 2013. a woman thought she heard a dog trying to get into her chicken coop in her backyard. When she went to investigate,she hit the animal with a broom and it turned and started to attack her.Her adult daughter, who lived in a separate house on the same property, heard the commotion and got a gun and shot the coyote.Brevard fire officials said the 84-year-old woman was taken to Palm Bay Hospital in stable condition.BCSO,Fire Rescue, as well as the Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission were called to the scene. The coyote was sent to the state lab to test for rabies. 67. Jump up ^McCarron,Heather(9 May 2013). "Wrentham woman bit by coyote. animal control investigating". Country Gazzette.Retrieved 10 May 2013.It is unknown if the coyote is rabid or was displaying any signs of the illness.In such cases where a contact occurs and a wild animal is not captured, bite victims are usually treated for rabies as a precaution, according to the health board. The woman is undergoing the treatment.Read more: Wrentham woman bit by coyote, animal control investigating- Bellingham,MA-Country Gazette 68. Jump up^De Good,Jade(25 June 2013). "Email claims coyote attack in east Wichita".KWCH 12 Eyewitness News.Retrieved 27 June 2013.An email sent to homeowners in the Rocky Creek subdivision warns of coyotes in the area.It says, "Last week one of my irrigation guys was attacked by 2 coyotes near the sidewalk west of the bridge... They tore his pants but did not break the skin."The email was initially sent to the Homeowners Association in order to get the word out for people to watch the area. 69. Jump up ^Ledford, Chrystal(6 September 2013). "Dog chases off coyote after it bites owner".Forsyth News.Retrieved 7 September 2013. 70. Jump up ^Brice,Jennifer(16 October 2013). "Coyote Attack Victim Glad It Was Him And Not A Child". Video and Text reports. CBS-4,Denver.Retrieved 17 October 2013.So I took my flashlight and hit it over the side of the head to get it to let go.As soon as I got it to let go then another one went to lunge at me.All I really thought to do was swing and knock it to get it from jumping at me again,"Dickehage said. "Picture closing your eyes and having the three figures,you can barely see them, and all you could do is keep your hands up and just make sure that they weren't going for the face. "You feel the initial impact, and as soon as you felt it, then you could react and go to shove, but,I mean, after that ... all I could try doing was make sure I was moving backwards. 71. Jump up A "Wildlife officials: Coyotes that attacked Niwot man did not have rabies".ABC Channel 7 News. 23 October 2013.Retrieved 24 October 2013. Officers with Colorado Parks and Wildlife said they captured the three coyotes within two days of the attack. "All three animals tested negative for rabies," officials said. 72. Jump up A Greer,Dena(November 2013). "Coyote bite sends man to hospital".Mansfield, OH: WEWS- TV ABC News 5.Retrieved 7 November 2013.A man was attacked Friday morning by a coyote near a country club in Mansfield, said Mansfield Police and an ODNR spokesperson.Police said the victim called 9-1-1 to report seeing a pack of four coyotes around 11 a.m. in the 900 block of Springmill Road near the Westbrook Country Club.Mansfield police responded to the scene to find the man had been bitten,said the ODNR spokesperson. The ODNR game warden was called in to investigate. The spokesperson said the man was transported to the hospital with injuries that appear to be coyote bite marks. ODNR did not find any coyotes in the area, but said the victim's supervisor and a law enforcement officer reported seeing the coyotes. The victim worked for a golf club in the area. 73. Jump up A Carr,Dillon(2 November 2013). "Coyote attacks man near Westbrook Country Club". Richland Source.Retrieved 7 November 2013.Earlier today, a pack of coyotes reportedly attacked 21- year-old Matthew Storer. The incident occurred while Storer was blowing leaves in a parking lot near Westbrook Country Club off of SR 39. "I was blowing leaves and out of nowhere, a pack of coyotes came up to me and one of them latched onto my arm.I knocked it off and hit it on the snout and went to make some phone calls,"says Storer.Storer went to MedCenrtral but did not receive puncture wounds.He received shots at the hospital for precautionary purposes. "In fifteen years of being a wildlife officer,I have never heard of anything like this,"said Wildlife Officer Greg Wasilewski.He said this seems to be an isolated incident, because something like this does not happen often. "He[Storer]had his headphones on and his hood up so maybe[the coyote]didn't associate him with being a human being,"said Wasilewski....The officer also pointed out that Richland County has a population of coyotes.A den has been identified near Harmon Street off Bowman Street, which is close to Hamilton Park. The park is set in a neighborhood community.According to the officer, a pack can be as large as 12 to 14 coyotes. "In this situation, there were three coyotes, so we would have to take them all out if we got here in time to see them. It is very hard to do that though,"said Wasilewski. 74. Jump up A Whitmire,Lou(2 November 2013). "Man escapes coyote pack near country club:Storer was mowing. injured when animals attacked".Mansfield News Journal.Retrieved 7 November 2013. MANSFIELD—A man who was riding a lawnmower at the former Lumbermens Office Village was taken to the emergency room Friday after he told authorities he was attacked by a pack of coyotes.Matthew Storer said he was on the riding mower, wearing headphones and blowing leaves off the lot when the coyote attacked. "Next thing I know I've got a coyote latched to my left arm,"Storer said upon his return to the scene from MedCentral/Mansfield Hospital. Storer said he only suffered scratches and a wound, and did not require stitches, only rabies shots.His arm was injured in the incident which took place just before noon near Westbrook Country Club on Ohio 39, in Mansfield's northwest side.Mansfield police Sgt.Angie Eichinger said she saw three coyotes when she arrived, but they disappeared into the woods.Police contacted the Richland County game warden, Greg Wasilewski. Wasilewski said he doesn't know why they attacked the man. "In 15-plus years of being a wildlife officer in Richland County I've never heard anything like that,"Wasilewski said. "We get reports of lots of coyotes in the county and it doesn't sound like it was provoked at all.He didn't see it coming."The wildlife officer said he believes it's an isolated incident. "He had his headphones on and his hoodie up and maybe they didn't associate him with a human being,"he said. "Typically when coyotes see us they go the other way.People just need to be aware that coyotes are here, don't let it become a cat and mouse game,"he added. "Don't turn your back on them." Wasilewski said the coyotes are long gone and since Storer had a wound, the Mansfield-Ontario-Richland County Health Department would have liked to have the animal tested.Friday was the opening day of small game season, rabbits and pheasants. The incident,albeit unique, did not surprise Wasilewski. "There's coyotes in the county, they live in Mansfield, the townships. We have to co-exist with them. We have to be aware of them,"he said. Storer said he escaped them by driving the lawnmower away from the coyotes. Coyotes usually travel in a family unit when they are hunting or foraging for food. Wasilewski said he never says never or always in his job. "When you're dealing with wildlife, they're unpredictable,"he said. "We manage wildlife in the state of Ohio and we discourage people from having wild animals as pets because they are unpredictable. This is a good example of this,you can't trust them. They are wild animals for a reason."Eric Howarth,golf course superintendent at Westbrook, said he sees the coyotes around every morning, but they usually have not been a problem. "Our deer population has gone down,"he said, noting the deer have probably been killed by the coyotes. 75. Jump up A Vaccarelli,Joe(March 10, 2014). "5 coyotes killed in Clement Park by wildlife officers". The Denver Post. 76. Jump up A "Yorba Linda Man.His Yorkie Attacked By 2 Coyotes". CBS News Los Angeles.March 8, 2014.Retrieved 15 March 2014. The man is okay but his 10-year-old Yorkie, named Dodger, was dragged away by the coyotes and presumably killed. 77. Jump up A "Coyote that attacked woman walking dog in Rockland County had rabies".ABC News 7. March 27, 2014.Retrieved 28 March 2014. 52 year old Mary Lou Gardner told police that she was attacked by the 40 to 50 pound coyote just before 7 a.m. and suffered a puncture wound on her leg. The animal then went after her dog,Jasmine. 78. Jump up A "Coyote Attacks Woman Walking Dog in Rockland County".NBC 4,New York.March 26, 2014.Retrieved 26 March 2014. The woman took off her jacket during the attack and used it to try to shield herself against the coyote. 79. Jump up A De Torre,Jackie(April 4, 2014). "Coyote Bites Man and Dog". Channel 16 WNEP Scranton Wilkes-Barre.Retrieved 5 April 2014. "Basically it was protecting its den and came running out of the den after the dog,I imagine,"said Rippy. 80. Jump up A Mitchel,David(May 16, 2014). "Coyote attacks man and his dog on east CU-Boulder campus".Fox-31 Denver.Retrieved 18 May 2014.It happened Thursday evening in a wooded area southwest of Foothills Parkway and Arapahoe Avenue, about one mile east of the school's main campus. 81. Jump up A Atwater,John(May 21, 2014). "Bourne man, dog attacked by coyote". WCVB NewsCenter5 Boston.Retrieved 22 May 2014.Michael Gagnon said he let his 5-year-old boxer out when he got home from work, and minutes later heard her yelping. "And I ran down there and there are three coyotes attacking her,"he said. Gagnon said he had to fight off the coyotes and suffered a long cut on his arm as a result. "When I tried to push him down, he just came up on me,"he said.Lulu has at least four bite wounds that her owners estimate are about an inch deep, and she's having a difficult time walking. 82. Jump up^ Cooke,Scott(September 29, 2014). "Coyote Bite Exposes Person to Rabies". WLTX.Retrieved 30 September 2014.Beaufort County,SC(WLTX)--A person in Okatie in Beaufort County is getting treatment for rabies exposure after being bitten by a coyote that tested positive for the disease. The SC Department of Health and Environmental Control says the person was bitten on September 25 and that tests the following day confirmed the coyote had rabies. 83. A Jump up to:.!Zaremba,Justin(October 7, 2014). "Rabid coyote killed after biting hunter in Chester Township. cops say". www.nj.com.New Jersey On-Line LLC.Retrieved 8 October 2014. 84. Jump up " "Clinton Man Needed 14 Stitches After Apparent Coyote Attack".NBC Connecticut. NBCUniversal Media. Oct 15, 2014.Retrieved 18 October 2014.A 35-year-old Clinton resident said he needed 14 stitches in his face after what appeared to be a coyote attacked him unprovoked Tuesday night, biting him in the face.Police said the animal, believed to be a wild coyote or large dog of some sort, went after the man while he was walking down Liberty Street.... 85. Jump up ^Hershberger,Andy(Nov 18, 2014). "Woman, dog recovering from coyote attack:Dog credited with fighting off animal". wmur.com.Hearst.Retrieved 1 December 2014. 86. Jump up ^ "Fremont Police Kill Coyote After It Attacked Residents On Christmas Afternoon". CBS SF Bay Area. CBS.December 26, 2014.Retrieved 31 December 2014. 87. Jump up A Coyote attacks residents in Massachusetts town:police,Reuters,January 6,2015 88. Jump up ^Phillips,Preston (Jan 21, 2015). "Woman bitten by coyote while jogging in Kensington". News10.Scripps TV Station Group.Retrieved 27 January 2015. The attack occurred in the 4800 block of East Alder Drive in Kensington. 89. Jump up "Maxfield,Jen(Apr 7, 2015). 'Man Attacked by Coyote in New Jersey Yard Week After Dog Mauling:I Didn't See It Coming".NBC4 NYC'. 2015 NBCUniversal Media.Retrieved 9 April 2015. 90. Jump up "April 8,2015,CBS Local,http://newyork.cbslocal.com/2015/04/08/saddle-river-officials- coyote-who-attacked-man-tests-positive-for-rabies/,Retrieved April 9,2015 91. Jump up "http://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/north-fulton-county/rabid-coyote-attacks-person-walking- in-roswell-park/399986039 • • 92. Jump up ^http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/New-Jersey-Manchester-NJ-Coyote-Attack-Police- 388670632.html 93. Jump up A http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/aug/9/police-woman-bitten-by-coyote-near- warwick-apartme/ 94. Jump up A http://www.wtae.com/news/father-attacked-by-rabid-coyote-fights-back-and- survives/41124206 95. Jump up A http://www.mpnnow.com/news/20161004/deputies-2-coyote-attacks-m-wayne-county 96. Jump up A Varma,Sonya(12 February 2010). "Coyote attacks N.B. woman". CBC News. Retrieved 11 January 2013. "CBC did not show the back of my head were it got a hold of my hair.The also only showed a little bit of my hair that was ripped out I also gota fractured nose where the coyote slamed in my face..I still have Red marks there from the teeth.I was just exsteamly LUCKY theat it didn't break the skin.I also got bruised musles in my back from landing on the ice.So for the people that think I got only a scrape,there u go you know all my injurys.The people that don't believe Are also welcome to come over and take a walk in my back yard and see all the coyote tracks for themselves I also thank all the DNR,andTrappersfor setting all the snares I THAK YOU ALL SO MUCH."—Marie Simon, Saint-Charles,N.B., 2010/02/16 at 4:58 PM ET 97. Jump up A "Man attacked by coyote warns others I CTV Vancouver News".Bc.ctvnews.ca.Retrieved 2014-07-04. 98. Jump up A "Coyote plays around'with camper Visitor was outdoors in sleeping bag at Silver Sage Campground".Kamloops The Daily News. 21 May 2013.Retrieved 21 May 2013. the man was in a sleeping bag outside when the coyote attacked him at about 12:30 a.m.at the campground on Athabasca Street East 99. Jump up A Pfeiffer,Deborah (Dec 13, 2013). "Coyote cull begins following attack".PENTICTONAND SOUTH OKANAGAN News. ©2013 Castanet.net.Retrieved 14 December 2013. "The fact that they packed up and acted as aggressively as they did toward her is of concern, because normally they will just shy off by someone yelling or shooing them off"said conservation officer Jim Beck.Beck said he was alerted to the situation on Wednesday, when a friend of Sarah James, the woman who was attacked, called.James had been walking a friend's labradoodle on the Summerland Centennial Trail, when she was surrounded by three coyotes. The man told Beck the attack had occurred and that he was providing basic care to her. The injuries were defensive, which eliminated health concerns,said Beck He had a follow up conversation with James Wednesday evening and another today,Friday, to see how she was doing and to inform her one coyote had been taken out in close proximity to where the attack took place.James, whose coat was torn up and left hand injured during the incident, has been recovering at home since it happened. 100.Jump up A Cuervo,Ivy(Posted:Jun 24, 2014 5:49 PM ET Last Updated:Jun 24, 2014 7:20 PME7). "Coyote attacks suspected north of Toronto as 2 women bitten". CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.Retrieved 8 July 2016. York Regional Police and the Ontario SPCA are hunting for two animals believed to be coyotes or feral German shepherds in Markham,just north of Toronto, after two women were injured in attacks Monday. hi-coyote-istock-3col Police are looking for two wild animals they suspect could be coyotes,similar to the one pictured here, after two residents north of Toronto were attacked. (istock) The animals chased several people in the Huntington Park neighbourhood and attacked two women on Monday afternoon. Check date values in: I date= (help) 101.Jump up A Warren,May(23 June 2014). "Coyote-like animals on the loose in Thornhill". The Hamilton Spectator.Metroland News.Retrieved 26 June 2014. York Regional Police are still searching for two "coyote-like"animals after they attacked two women and chased several residents into their homes in a Thornhill neighbourhood. "Right now the general belief is that they are coyotes or perhaps a hybrid,"says Sergeant Clint Whitney. 102.Jump up A "Coyote attacks suspected north of Toronto as 2 women bitten". CBC.Jun 24, 2014.Retrieved 26 June 2014. Const.Laura Nicole with York Regional Police said they are confident the animals are wild. "These are wild,feral animals, whether they're dogs or coyotes, we don't believe these are domesticated animals whatsoever,"she said. 103.Jump up A McShane,Kelly(September 3, 2014). "Woman Survives coyote attack in front of her Home". Muskokaregion.com.Metroland Media.Retrieved 9 September 2014. ^ti 708 Virginia Ave. St. Cloud, FL. 34769 (407) 617-1193 Main office rias FLWildlifeTrapper(ajgmail.com tdtilie"� �I'W11r.FLORIDAWILDLIFETRAPPERS.COM peers Service Agreement/Invoice Customer Name: Phone/Fax: Diane 904-316-5946 Address#1: Email Description of Problem: Solution: Coyote Removal Trap &Remove Coyote Trapping (per month) 1500.00 Per Coyote Removed 375.00 Damage Repairs Re-entry Prevention/Critter-proofing Screen Vents and Plumbing Stacks Seal Junction Seal misc.areas around pool One-Year Guarantee (see reverse for information) Check#: Exp Date: Total TBD — Card#: vim MasterCard111111111111111111111 Paid CW Zip Other Payment Type: Balance Due Service Agreement: I,having full authority to do so,in full agreement with the terms,price,and conditions set forth on the front and back of this contract,hereby authorize Florida Wildlife Trappers,Inc.to perform the requested services. X Authorized Signatures Date Signed Company Name if Applicable Please make checks payable Florida Wildlife Trappers Thank you for your business. Feel free to call your technician or our office with any questions. FLORIDA WILDLIFE TRAPPERS SERVICE AGREEMENT TERMS AND CONDITIONS ti A.This agreement and any attachments incorporated by reference shall be governed and enforced by the laws of the State of Florida,and the venue of any legal action by either party concerning the agreement shall be in federal or state courts of Orange County,FL. B. This agreement,and any documents incorporated herein by reference,shall be binding on the parties hereto and their respective personal and legal representatives of each party. C. The determination that any provision of this agreement is invalid or unenforceable shall not affect the validity and enforceability of the remaining provisions. D. This agreement embodies the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings whether written or oral. CUSTOMER AGREEMENTS A. Customer shall not at any time touch,move,close,or rest any traps or equipment belonging to Cross Home Services,Inc.dba Florida Wildlife Trappers without express written permission from Cross Home Services,Inc.dba Florida Wildlife Trappers(hereafter referred to as FWT).Customer acknowledges that such traps and equipment may be dangerous and agrees to take reasonable precautions in avoiding such equipment. B. Customer shall not at any time touch,harass,or release any animal trapped or taken by FWT. C. Customer accepts full responsibility for traps,animals,and equipment during the time that FWT are employed by the Customer,but not physically onsite. D. Customer agrees to be responsible for and ensure that all children and pets keep away from the traps and trapped animals E. Customer agrees that all animals removed from the service location shall be the sole property of FWT. F. Customer agrees to permit FWT entry and access to the premises under contract for the performance of the services to be rendered. G. Customer will provide a safe work environment for FWT before FWT Technician commences any work under this Agreement. H. FWT and its agents are not responsible for dirt and insulation that may be tracked into Customer's home or business from outdoors and attics during the course of service. L FWT and its agents are not responsible for personal injury to Customer or damage of Customer property resulting before,during or after services rendered by FWT. J.Without voiding any provision above,FWT agrees to repair any holes made specifically by one of our authorized technicians,while under contract to provide removal services to the authorized service location,to remove dead or live animals or rodents from the walls or ceilings. This service includes the application of drywall only and doesn't include duct work,electrical wiring,plumbing,brick,paint or any material other than drywall. K. Customer is responsible for and shall pay to FWT the retail price of any equipment or traps of FWT that are lost,stolen,or damaged on the Customer's premises or as a result of the Customer's actions through no fault of FWT. L. Customer agrees that all documentation maintained by FWT constitutes sufficient evidence and proof of services rendered. BILLING POLICIES A.Service Fee:This initial fee secures you as our customer,and is applied toward the insurance and costs that protect the customer,as well as other expenses related to the initial service. It does not cover the cost of animal removal or any other provided services.The Service Fee is charged upon the initial visit,and applies to the continuous time period spent servicing the specific problem FWT is there to address.Payment of the Service Fee is due at the time of the initial service visit and is due regardless of whether an animal or rodent is trapped,removed or found. B. General Trapping Fees:If noted on the contract,a fee will be charged for the trapping of animals at the job site,according to the terms written.Trapping fees cover the removal of an unlimited number of animals during a limited period of time and limited number of service visits.Payment of trapping fees is due upon acceptance of trapping agreement. C.Per animal fees:If noted on contract,a fee will be charged for each individual animal trapped,caught or dispatched.The per animal fee will stand in the event that service is required to release an animal onsite should that be the elected course of action. Payment for per-animal services is due upon completion of applicable services. D. Hourly Labor Fees:If applicable,hourly labor fees accrue from the time of arrival at the service location,until time of departure.A one-hour minimum labor fee is charged regardless of actual time on site.After the first hour,time will be rounded to the nearest 10 minutes.Payment for hourly services is due upon completion of applicable services. E. Repair Fees:If applicable,a written estimate of all animal damage repairs and preventative exclusion repairs will be submitted following the building inspection. Customer must initial and authorize all requested repairs and prices prior to the start of repair work.Payment for repair work is due upon completion of applicable services. F. Decontamination/Biohazard Fees:If applicable,a written estimate of all animal waste clean-up will be provided after the building inspection.Customer must initial and authorize all requested decontamination service prices prior to the start of service. Payment for decontamination/biohazard services is due upon completion of work. G. Additional Fees:Should customer require any additional services not outlined above,such services will be noted on contract,and customer must initial and authorize requested services and prices prior to the start of work.Payment for any additional services is due upon completion of any work. H. Payment Terms:All Fees billed are Due Upon Receipt of invoice from FWT.In the event of a late payment,FWT reserves the right to charge interest of the total balance at the lesser of, 1.5%per month or the highest rate allowed by law.A handling fee of$30.00 will be assessed on all returned checks and credit card charge- backs.Customer is responsible for any and all costs of bill collection,including but not limited to,attorney fees and court costs. L Acceptable Forms of Payment Include: cash,personal or business check,and credit cards including Visa,MasterCard,American Express and Discover. WARRANTY INFORMATION A. FWT represents and warrants that any repair work it performs shall be of good and workmanlike quality,consistent with industry standards. Provided Customer gives FWT written notice of any breach of the foregoing warranty within one year of the date such repairs were made,Customer's sole and exclusive remedy for such breach will be for FWT to correct the defects in FWT's repairs.Only the areas that have received repairs or preventative exclusion work are covered by the foregoing warranty unless otherwise noted. If relevant animal is able to breach or defeat points of repair and gain access to the structure,FWT will remedy the problem free of charge. B. The foregoing warranty shall be null and void in event that the Customer or Customer's agents or contractors make any modifications to the area of the structure repaired by FWT. C. Because damage or entry points may be present in areas that are not inaccessible to visual inspection,FWT does not guarantee that the damage and entry points disclosed on the Repair Estimate Form represent all of the existing damage and entry points as of the date of the agreement,nor can FWT guarantee against animal entry via such areas during the warranty period. D. Some homes or businesses may be designed in such a way or are in such a condition that a guarantee on repairs against animal re-entry is bit feasible to issue. In such cases,Customer shall be informed of the condition prior to performance of any repairs and/or exclusions. E. FWT shall not be liable under this agreement for any delays in performance due to any cause beyond its control,including,but not limited to,fire,flood,tornado, hurricane,or any other Act of God or emergency situation. F.Warranty may be extended for an additional year for an additional charge of$99. OTHER A. Limitation on Liability:In no event will FWT be responsible for any indirect,incidental,consequential,special,or punitive damages of any kind whatsoever,including, but not limited to,the cost of substitute procurement,damages for delay,or loss of use or profits arising out of or in connection with this agreement or the furnishing of FWT's services even if informed of the possibility of such damages..In no event will FWT's total liability for any claims for damages arising out of or in connection with this agreement exceed the total amount paid to FWT under this agreement. B. Change of Ownership: Should ownership of the serviceable premises change,all of the provisions of the agreement will pass to the new owner upon receipt of notice to FWT within 30 days of transfer of ownership and may include a transfer fee. C. Certification and License:FWT confirms that they have all necessary licenses and standard operating permits to perform the work herein described,and shall provide copies of such licenses and permits to Customer upon request. Customer Initials