Item 3 Attachment BTypes of Zoning Codes
Item 3 - Form Based Code LDR
Special Called Meeting 4-12-17
There are two main approaches to contemporary zoning:
Euclidean Zoning Codes and Form -Based Zoning Codes.
These two approaches create different patterns of development/results based on their goals.
Our current zoning code is a Euclidean code, Miami 21 is a Form -Based code.
Euclidean Zoning Codes
A type of zoning named for the Village of Euclid, Ohio where
zoning was upheld In 1926 as a legitimate governmental power.
These codes are characterized by establishing and regulating
land based on use, Typical types of land -use districts In
Euclidean zoning are: residential, commercial, Institutional, and
Industrial, Euclidean Zoning Is also referred to as "Traditional
Zoning" or "Building Block Zoning."
Elements of a Euclidean Code:
• Regulations and Atlas. A plan and map of the regulated
area indicating the type of allowed activities and regulations.
Special district regulations that address each problem
individually
Special Exceptions, Class II permits, MUSP permits
Overlay districts
• Administration. Application and lengthy project review process
• Definitions.
Goals of Euclidean Zoning:
• Prevention of illegal overcrowding (goal was a reaction to
historical conditions of cities)
• Separation of uses based on size, height, noise, pollution,
parking requirements as only urban goals.
Outcomes:
• Suburban sprawl with segregated land uses
• Bedroom communities with long commutes
• Automobile -dependent, unsustainable development patterns
• Excess parking and streets built only for cars
• Necessary Special Districts to address areas which require
mixed uses or other configurations outside the standard "uses"
Form -Based Zoning Codes
Form -Based Zoning Codes are a method of regulating development
to achieve a specific urban form. Form -based codes place an
emphasis on the relationship between the street and buildings,
pedestrian and vehicles, public and private spaces, and the
relationship between multiple buildings, a block, a neighborhood and
transitions In scale. They create a predictable pubtic realm by
controlling physical form of private developments, with a secondary
focus on land use regulations.
Elements of a Form -Based Code:
Regulations and Atlas. A pian and map of the
regulated area indicating the type of allowed activities and
regulations.
Building Form Standards. Regulations controlling the
configuration, features, and functions of buildings that define
an interaction between the public and private realm.
Illustrations of technical aspects.
Public Space/Street Standards. Specifications for the
elements within the public realm
• Administration. A dearly defined applicator and project
review process.
• Definitions.
Goals of Form -Based Zoning:
• Mixed-use activities within buildings and blocks of the city --that
are walk -able distances of offices and residences
• Promote walk -ability through a greater emphasis on the pedestrian
spaces
" Promote transit by establishing nodes of greater intensity concentrations
Outcomes:
• Zoning areas with greater intensity
• Mixed-use zones
• More transitional zones created by emphasis placed cn form rater than use
• A mare predictable physical result based on prescriptive standards (slate
whatyou want) rather than proscriptive standards (state what you don't want)
= A zoning code that is pro -active rather than re -active
Codes and mgubtion chat are easier to read far dozens and more mididade