RES23-0204 CCRR-0323 InsulStarLight 12-008 and InsulStarLight 12-075 Rev. 10-3-23_1Code Compliance Research Report
CCRR-0323
Issue Date: 09-01-2019
Revised Date: 12-07-2022
Renewal Date: 12-31-2023
545 E. Algonquin Road • Arlington Heights • Illinois • 60005
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DIVISION: 07 00 00 - THERMAL AND MOISTURE PROTECTION
Section: 07 21 00 - Thermal Insulation
Section: 07 21 19 – Foamed-In-Place Insulation
REPORT HOLDER:
Barnhardt Manufacturing Co. dba NCFI Polyurethanes
1515 Carter Street
P.O. Box 1528
Mount Airy, NC 27030
USA
(800) 346-8229
http://ncfi.com/
REPORT SUBJECT:
InsulStar®Light 12-008 and InsulStar®Light 12-075 Spray
Foam Systems
1.0 SCOPE OF EVALUATION
1.1 This Research Report addresses compliance with the
following Codes:
• 2021, 2018 and 2015 International Building Code® (IBC)
• 2021, 2018 and 2015 International Residential Code®
(IRC)
• 2021, 2018 and 2015 International Energy Conservation
Code® (IECC)
NOTE: This report references the most recent Code edition
noted. Section numbers for earlier Code editions may differ.
1.2 InsulStar®Light 12-008 InsulStar®Light 12-075 have
been evaluated for the following properties (see Table 1):
• Physical properties
• Surface burning characteristics
• Thermal resistance (R-value)
• Air permeability
• Moisture vapor permeability
1.3 InsulStar®Light 12-008 and InsulStar®Light 12-075 have
been evaluated for the following uses (see Table 1):
• Use as nonstructural thermal insulation material on or in
interior and exterior walls, floors, ceilings and the
underside of roof decks
• Alternatives to thermal barriers
• Alternatives to ignition barriers
• Use in Type I, II, III, and IV construction under the IBC
• Use in Type V construction under the IBC and buildings
regulated under the IRC
• Use as air-impermeable insulation
2.0 STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE
InsulStar®Light 12-008 and InsulStar®Light 12-075 comply with
the Codes listed in Section 1.1, for the properties stated in
Section 1.2 and uses stated in Section 1.3, when installed as
described in this report, including the Conditions of Use stated
in Section 6.
3.0 DESCRIPTION
3.1 InsulStar®Light 12-008 and InsulStar®Light 12-075: The
insulations are two-component, low-density, open-cell,
spray-applied polyurethane foam insulation. They are
produced in the field by combining an isocyanate (A-
component), A2-000, with a proprietary resin (B-
component). InsulStar®Light 12-008 has a nominal density
of 0.5 pounds per cubic foot. InsulStar®Light 12-075 has a
nominal density of 0.75 pounds per cubic foot. The
insulation components are supplied in factory-sealed
containers. The resin (B-component) has a shelf life of six
months when stored in factory-sealed containers at
temperatures between 40°F and 85°F.
3.2 DC315: DC315 intumescent coating is a single-
component, water-based, liquid-applied coating,
manufactured by International Fireproof Technology Inc.
The coating is supplied in 5-gallon pails and 55-gallon drums,
and has a shelf life of twenty-four months when stored in
factory-sealed containers at temperatures between 41˚F
and 95˚F. DC315 complies with ICC-ES AC456 and is
recognized in ICC-ES ESR-3702 and IAPMO-UES ER-0499.
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4.0 PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
4.1 Surface Burning Characteristics: The insulations, at a
maximum thickness of 4 inches, have a flame-spread index
of 25 or less and a smoke-developed index of 450 or less,
when tested in accordance with ASTM E84. The insulations
can be installed at greater thicknesses as described in
Sections 5.3 through 5.5. When the insulation is separated
from the interior occupied space of the building with
minimum 1/2-inch-thick gypsum board or a thermal barrier
complying with NFPA 275, the maximum insulation
thickness is not limited. Under the IRC, a thermal barrier of
minimum 23/32-inch-thick wood structural panel is also
permitted, and the maximum insulation thickness is not
limited.
4.2 Thermal Resistance (R-value): The insulations have a
thermal resistance (R-value), at a mean temperature of 75°F,
as shown in Table 2.
4.3 Air Permeability: The insulations, at a minimum
thickness of 4 inches, are considered air-impermeable
insulation in accordance with IBC and IRC Sections 202 and
R202, respectively, based on testing in accordance with
ASTM E2178.
4.4 Moisture Vapor Permeability: The insulations, at a
minimum thickness of 2.8 inches, qualify as Class III vapor
retarders based on testing in accordance with ASTM E96,
Procedure A (Desiccant Method).
5.0 INSTALLATION
5.1 General: The insulations must be installed in
accordance with the manufacturer’s published installation
instructions, the applicable Code, and this Research Report.
A copy of the manufacturer’s instructions must be available
on the jobsite during installation. The installation
requirements in Sections 5.1 through 5.4 apply to all Types
of construction.
5.2 Application: The insulations are spray-applied on the
jobsite using plural-component metering and processing
equipment as recommended in the manufacturer’s
published installation instructions. The insulations must be
applied when the ambient and substrate temperature is
between 50°F and 120°F. Refer to the manufacturer's
application instructions for further information.
The insulations must not be used in areas that have a
maximum in-service temperature greater than 180°F. The
insulations must not be used in electrical outlet or junction
boxes, or in contact with water, rain, or soil. The foam
plastic must not be sprayed onto a substrate that is wet or
covered with frost, ice, loose scale, rust, oil, or grease. The
insulations must be protected from the weather during and
after application. The insulations may be applied in multiple
passes, with each pass not to exceed the maximum
individual pass thickness stated in the manufacturer’s
installation instructions. Allow for full expansion of the
previous pass before applying an additional pass. Where the
insulations are used as an air-impermeable insulation, such
as in unvented attic assemblies under IBC Section 1202.3
and IRC Section R806.5, the insulation must be installed at a
minimum thickness of 4 inches to achieve air-
impermeability.
5.3 Thermal Barrier:
5.3.1 Application with a Prescriptive Thermal Barrier: The
insulations must be separated from the interior of the
building by an approved thermal barrier of 1/2-inch-thick
gypsum wallboard, or an approved equivalent 15-minute
thermal barrier complying with IBC Section 2603.4 or IRC
Section R316.4.
Exceptions: The prescriptive thermal barrier is not required
under the following conditions:
• When the insulation is used in sill plates and headers or in
perimeter joist spaces at no more than 3-1/4 inches
thickness as permitted by IRC Section R316.5.11
• When the insulation is used in an attic or crawl space as
described in Section 5.4.
When the insulations are separated from the interior living
space of the building with minimum 1/2-inch-thick gypsum
board or a thermal barrier complying with NFPA 275, the
maximum thickness of insulation is not limited. Under the
IRC, a thermal barrier of minimum 23/32-inch-thick wood
structural panel is also permitted, and the maximum
insulation thickness of insulation is not limited.
5.3.2 Application without a Prescriptive Thermal Barrier:
The insulations may be installed without the 15-minute
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thermal barrier prescribed in the IBC Section 2603.4 and IRC
Section R316.4, as described in this section and Table 3. The
insulations may be spray-applied to the interior surface of
walls, the underside of roof sheathing, and in crawl spaces,
provided the assembly conforms to one of the assemblies
described in Table 3. The insulations and coating may be left
exposed as an interior finish without the prescriptive
thermal or ignition barrier in assemblies as indicated in Table
3.
When an intumescent coating is used, it must be applied to
all surfaces in accordance with the respective coating
manufacturer’s installation instructions. The coating must
be applied when ambient and substrate temperatures are
above 50°F, unless otherwise permitted by the coating
manufacturer’s installation instructions. Surfaces to be
coated must be clean, dry, and free of loose dirt, loose
debris, and any other substances that could interfere with
the adhesion of the coating.
5.4 Attics and Crawl Spaces: The insulations may be applied
in attics and crawl spaces as described in either Section 5.4.1
or 5.4.2. When foam insulation is installed in an attic or
crawl space in accordance with this section, a thermal
barrier, as described in Section 5.3.1, is not required
between the foam plastic insulation and the attic or crawl
space but is required between the insulation and the interior
occupied space. Attics and crawl spaces must be vented in
accordance with the applicable Code, except as permitted in
Sections 5.4.1, 5.4.2, or 5.4.3, as applicable.
5.4.1 Application with a Prescriptive Ignition Barrier:
Where the insulations are installed within attics or crawl
spaces, and where entry is made only for service of utilities,
an ignition barrier must be installed in accordance with IBC
Section 2603.4.1.6 or IRC Sections R316.5.3 and R316.5.4, as
applicable. The ignition barrier must be consistent with the
requirements for the type of construction required by the
applicable Code and must be installed in a manner so that
the foam plastic insulation is not exposed. The insulations,
as specified in this section, may be installed in unvented
attics and unvented enclosed rafter assemblies in
accordance with IBC Section 1202.3 or IRC Section R806.5.
5.4.2 Application without a Prescriptive Ignition Barrier:
The insulations may be installed in attics and crawl spaces,
as described in this section and Table 4, without the ignition
barrier prescribed in IBC Section 2603.4.1.6, and IRC
Sections R316.5.3 and R316.5.4, subject to the following
conditions:
a. Entry to the attic or crawlspace is only to service
utilities and no storage is permitted.
b. There are no interconnected attic or crawl space areas.
c. Air in the attic is not circulated to other parts of the
building.
d. Attic ventilation is provided when required by IBC
Section 1203.2 or IRC Section R806.1, as applicable,
except when insulation is permitted in unvented attics
in accordance with IBC Section 1202.3, or IRC Section
R806.5.
e. Under-floor (crawl space) ventilation is provided in
accordance with IBC Section 1202.4 or IRC Section
R408.1, as applicable.
f. Combustion air is provided in accordance with IMC
(International Mechanical Code®) Section 701.
In attics, the insulations may be spray-applied to the
underside of roof sheathing or roof rafters, and/or vertical
surfaces, provided the assembly conforms to one of the
assemblies described in Table 4. In crawl spaces, the
insulations may be spray-applied to the underside of floors
and/or vertical surfaces provided the assembly conforms to
one of the assemblies described in Table 4.
When an intumescent coating is used, it must be applied to
all surfaces in accordance with the respective coating
manufacturer’s installation instructions. The coating must
be applied when ambient and substrate temperatures are
above 50°F, unless otherwise permitted by the coating
manufacturer’s installation instructions. Surfaces to be
coated must be clean, dry, and free of loose dirt, loose
debris, and any other substances that could interfere with
the adhesion of the coating.
The insulations may be installed in unvented attics as
described in this section and in accordance with IBC Section
1202.3 or IRC Section R806.5.
5.4.2.1 Use on Attic Floors: The insulations may be
installed between and over joists in attic floors in
accordance with this section, conditions a. through f. of
Section 5.4.2, and Table 4 based on testing in accordance
with AC377, Appendix X. The insulations must be separated
from the interior of the building by an approved thermal
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barrier. The ignition barrier required in IBC Section 2604.4
and IRC R316.5.3 may be omitted.
Exception: If installed in the attic floor only, the ignition
barrier required in IBC Section 2604.4 and IRC R316.5.3 may
be omitted and the InsulStar®Light 12-008 insulation may be
left fully exposed with no covering up to a maximum
thickness of 14 inches, based on testing in accordance with
ASTM E970 and NFPA 286. The insulation must be separated
from the interior occupied space of the building by an
approved thermal barrier.
5.4.3 Unvented Attics (InsulStar®Light 12-008): NCFI has
conducted end-use configuration testing (per IBC Section
2603.9 and IRC Section R316.6) and analysis to qualify the
use of InsulStar®Light 12-008 insulation without a
prescriptive ignition barrier or intumescent coating in
unvented attics conforming with IBC Section 1202.3 or IRC
Section R806.5. The testing and analysis are described in
Priest & Associates EEV 10656B, dated February 27, 2019.
The conclusions of that evaluation (and associated
Engineering Letters) are as follows: When InsulStar®Light
12-008 is applied in unvented attics conforming to IBC
Section 1202.3 or IRC Section R806.5 the insulation may be
applied to the underside of roof sheathing and/or rafters,
and to vertical surfaces to a minimum thickness of 4 inches.
Rafters may be left without insulation coverage or may be
covered with the insulation up to the maximum thickness
permitted. The maximum thickness on the underside of roof
sheathing or on vertical wall surfaces is 16 inches. The
insulation may be left exposed to the attic without a
prescriptive ignition barrier or an intumescent coating. The
attic must have attic access complying with IRC Section
R807, horizontally placed in the attic floor and opening
outward toward the living space. For items penetrating the
roof deck or walls, such as skylight wells or vents, the
annular space and penetrating item must be covered with a
minimum of 3 inches of NCFI 12-008 insulation.
5.5 Exterior Walls of Type I, II, III, and IV Construction: The
insulation may be installed in framed cavities of exterior
walls of buildings of Type I, II, III, and IV construction
complying with IBC Section 2603.5 and as described in this
section.
5.5.1 Potential Heat: The maximum potential heat of
insulation in the wall assembly is 7,210 Btu/ft2 based on full-
scale testing in accordance with NFPA 285. The potential
heat of the InsulStar®Light 12-008 insulation is 506 Btu/ft2
per inch of thickness. The potential heat of the
InsulStar®Light 12-075 insulation is 759 Btu/ft2 per inch of
thickness. Tested wall assemblies were extended through
engineering analysis to include additional wall constructions
described in Table 5.
6.0 CONDITIONS OF USE
6.1 Installation must comply with this Research Report, the
manufacturer’s published installation instructions, and the
applicable Code. In the event of a conflict, this report
governs.
6.2 The insulations must be separated from the interior
occupied space of the building by an approved 15-minute
thermal barrier, as described in Section 5.3.1, except as
described in Section 5.3.2 and Section 5.4.
6.3 The insulation thickness must not exceed that noted in
Sections 4.1, 5.3, 5.4, and 5.5 as applicable.
6.4 The insulations must be applied by professional spray
polyurethane foam installers approved by NCFI
Polyurethanes or certified by the Spray Polyurethane Foam
Alliance (SPFA) for the installation of spray polyurethane
foam insulation.
6.5 The insulations must be protected from the weather
during and after installation as specified in the
manufacturer’s installation instructions.
6.6 A vapor barrier must be installed when required by the
applicable Code.
6.7 When InsulStar®Light 12-008 is installed under the
conditions of Section 5.4.3 of this report, the following
conditions apply:
6.7.1 Since the performance of InsulStar®Light 12-008,
when installed in unvented attics without a Code-prescribed
ignition barrier or an intumescent coating, is based on fire
performance of an unvented attic, the installation must be
approved by the Code Official. The installation must
conform with the provisions of Section 5.4.3, and conditions
a. through f. of Section 5.4.2. A copy of the Priest &
Code Compliance Research Report CCRR-0323 Page 5 of 10
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Associates Consulting LLC Engineering Evaluation
(referenced in Sections 5.4.3 and 7.4) must be provided to
the Code Official upon request.
6.7.2 Signage shall be permanently affixed in the attic and
shall be visible from all points within the attic. The signage
shall state, "Caution, this is an unvented attic by design. No
modification may be made to this unvented condition. The
attic shall not be vented. Holes into the unvented attic shall
be immediately repaired and sealed. Penetrations of the
ceiling or wall membrane between the unvented attic and
living space, other than the horizontal access hatch, must be
protected in an approved manner. This unvented attic shall
not be used for storage. See Intertek Code Compliance
Research Report CCRR-0323 on the Intertek website."
6.8 Use of the insulations in areas where the probability of
termite infestation is "very heavy" must be in accordance
with IBC Section 2603.8 or IRC Section R318.4, as applicable.
6.9 Jobsite certification and labeling of the insulations must
comply with IRC Section N1101.10, N1101.14 and IECC
Section C303.1 or R303.1 and R401.3, as applicable.
6.10 The InsulStar®Light 12-008 is manufactured under a
quality control program with inspections by Intertek Testing
Services NA, Inc.
7.0 SUPPORTING EVIDENCE
7.1 Reports of tests in accordance with ASTM C518, ASTM
E84, ASTM E970, ASTM E2178, NFPA 259, NFPA 285, and
NFPA 286.
7.2 Data in accordance with the ICC-ES Acceptance Criteria
for Spray-Applied Foam Plastic Insulation (AC377), dated
February 2020; including reports of tests in accordance with
Appendix X.
7.3 Data in accordance with ICC 1100 (2019).
7.4 Research Reports for evaluation of data in accordance
with ICC-ES Acceptance Criteria for Fire-protective Coatings
Applied to Spray-applied Foam Plastic Insulation Installed
without a Code-prescribed Thermal Barrier (AC456), dated
October 2015 (Editorially Revised July 2018).
7.5 Priest & Associates Consulting, LLC, Engineering
Evaluation - For Inclusion of NCFI Polyurethane’s 12-008 SPF
Insulation in Unvented Attics without and Ignition Barrier in
an Intertek CCRR, Project No. 10656B, dated February 27,
2019.
7.6 Jensen Hughes Letter regarding Project Number
1JJB00035.000 - Various NFPA 285 Complying Exterior Wall
Constructions, dated July 05, 2016.
7.7 Jensen Hughes Letter regarding Project Number
1JJB00035.000 - Technical Justification for Alternate Exterior
Wall Constructions Incorporating Various NCFI’s Spray
Polyurethane Foam Plastic Insulation, dated July 18, 2016.
7.8 Jensen Hughes Letter regarding Project Number
1JJB00035.000 - Various NFPA 285 Complying Exterior Wall
Constructions, dated October 04, 2018.
7.9 Jensen Hughes Letter regarding Project Number
1JJB00035.000 - Analysis of Sealtite™ (ID No. 12-008) for Use
in NFPA 285 Complying Exterior Wall Assemblies, dated
October 04, 2018.
7.10 Intertek Listing Report "NCFI 12-008 and 12-075", on
the Intertek Directory of Building Products.
8.0 IDENTIFICATION
The InsulStar®Light 12-008 and InsulStar®Light 12-075 are
identified with the manufacturer’s name (NCFI
Polyurethanes), address and telephone number, the product
name, flame spread index, smoke developed index, lot
number, the Intertek Mark as shown below, and the Code
Compliance Research Report number (CCRR-0323).
9.0 OTHER CODES
This section is not applicable.
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10.0 CODE COMPLIANCE RESEARCH REPORT USE
10.1 Approval of building products and/or materials can
only be granted by a building official having legal authority
in the specific jurisdiction where approval is sought.
10.2 Code Compliance Research Reports shall not be used
in any manner that implies an endorsement of the product
by Intertek.
10.3 Reference to the https://bpdirectory.intertek.com is
recommended to ascertain the current version and status of
this report.
This Code Compliance Research Report (“Report”) is for the exclusive use of Intertek's Client and is provided pursuant to the agreement between Intertek
and its Client. Intertek's responsibility and liability are limited to the terms and conditions of the agreement. Intertek assumes no liability to any party, other
than to the Client in accordance with the agreement, for any loss, expense or damage occasioned by the use of this Report. Only the Client is authorized to
permit copying or distribution of this Report and then only in its entirety, and the Client shall not use the Report in a misleading manner. Client further
agrees and understands that reliance upon the Report is limited to the representations made therein. The Report is not an endorsement or recommendation
for use of the subject and/or product described herein. This Report is not the Intertek Listing Report covering the subject product and utilized for Intertek
Certification and this Report does not represent authorization for the use of any Intertek certification marks. Any use of the Intertek name or one of its
marks for the sale or advertisement of the tested material, product or service must first be approved in writing by Intertek.
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TABLE 1 - PROPERTIES EVALUATED
PROPERTY 2021 IBC
SECTION1
2021 IRC
SECTION1
2021 IECC
SECTION1
Physical properties 2603.1.1 Not Required Not Required
Surface-burning characteristics 2603.3 R316.3 Not Applicable
Alternatives to thermal / ignition
barrier 2603.4 R316.4 R316.5 Not Applicable
Thermal resistance 1301 N1101.10
N1102
C303.1
R303.1
Air permeability / air barrier 1202.3 R806.5 C402.4
Exterior walls of Type I - IV
Construction 2603.5 Not Applicable Not Applicable
1 Section numbers may be different for earlier versions of the International Codes.
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TABLE 2 - THERMAL RESISTANCE (R-value)1, 2, 3
THICKNESS (inches) NCFI 12-008 NCFI 12-075
R-VALUE (°F.ft2.h/Btu) R-VALUE (°F.ft2.h/Btu)
1 3.7 4.0
2 7.6 8.0
3 11 12
3.5 13 14
4 15 16
5 19 20
5.5 21 22
6 23 24
7 27 28
7.25 28 29
8 31 32
9 34 36
9.25 35 37
10 38 40
11 42 44
11.25 43 45
12 46 48
13 50 52
14 54 56
15 57 60
16 61 64
1 R-values are calculated based on tested k-factors at 1 inch and 4 inches thicknesses.
2 R-values less than 10 are rounded to the nearest 0.1 unit; greater than 10 are rounded to the nearest whole unit.
3 To determine R-values for thicknesses not listed: between 1 inch and 4 inches can be determined through linear
interpolation or greater than 4 inches can be calculated on R = 3.8/inch for NCFI 12-008 and R = 3.95/inch for
NCFI 12-075.
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TABLE 3 - USE OF INSULATION WITHOUT A PRESCRIPTIVE THERMAL BARRIER
INSULATION
TYPE
MAXIMUM
THICKNESS (in.)
(Wall Cavities)
MAXIMUM
THICKNESS (in.)
(Underside of Roof
Sheathing / Rafters
and Floors)
INTUMESCENT COATING,
MINIMUM THICKNESS
(Applied to all Exposed
Foam Surfaces)
MINIMUM
APPLICATION
RATE OF
INTUMESCENT
COATING
MAY BE
LEFT
EXPOSED AS
AN
INTERIOR
FINISH
TEST
SUBMITTED
(AC377)
NCFI 12-008 8 14
DC315
14 wet mils
(9 dry mils)
0.9 gal / 100 ft2 Yes NFPA 286
NCFI 12-075 5.3 9.3
DC315
14 wet mils
(9 dry mils)
0.9 gal / 100 ft2 Yes Evaluation
TABLE 4 - USE OF INSULATION WITHOUT A PRESCRIPTIVE IGNITION BARRIER
INSULATION
TYPE
MAXIMUM
THICKNESS (in.)
(Wall Cavities and
Attic Floors)
MAXIMUM
THICKNESS (in.)
(Underside of Roof
Sheathing / Rafters
and Floors)
INTUMESCENT COATING,
MINIMUM THICKNESS
(Applied to all Exposed
Foam Surfaces)
MINIMUM
APPLICATION
RATE OF
INTUMESCENT
COATING
TEST
SUBMITTED
(AC377)
NCFI 12-008 8 14
DC315
7 wet mils
(4 dry mils)
0.5 gal / 100 ft2 Appendix X
NCFI 12-075 5.3 9.3
DC315
7 wet mils
(4 dry mils)
0.5 gal / 100 ft2 Evaluation
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TABLE 5 - NFPA 285 COMPLYING WALLS - NCFI 12-008 OR 12-075 IN FRAMED CAVITIES OF EXTERIOR WALLS
Wall Component Materials
Base Wall System –
Use either 1, 2, or 3
1 – One layer of 5/8-inch-thick Type X exterior gypsum sheathing installed on the exterior
side of steel studs of minimum 3-5/8-inch depth and minimum 20 GA thickness spaced at
maximum 24-inches on center and with lateral bracing every 4 ft.
2 – Concrete wall – minimum 2 inches thick
3 – Concrete masonry wall
Floorline Firestopping – 4 pcf mineral wool friction-fit in each wall stud cavity at each floorline. Mineral wool not
required in stud cavities at floorlines when infill studwall1 construction is employed for
exterior wall construction.
Cavity Insulation –
Use either 1, 2, or any
combination of 2 and 3
1 – None
2 – Full cavity depth or less of NCFI 12-008 or 12-075 using either the cavity side of the
exterior sheathing or concrete or masonry as the substrate and covering the width of the
cavity and inside the stud flange.
3 – Any noncombustible insulation (if batts, then either faced or unfaced is permitted)
Interior gypsum
wallboard
Minimum 5/8-inch-thick Type X gypsum wallboard
Exterior Wall Covering –
Use either 1, 2, 3, or 4.
1 – Any noncombustible exterior wall covering material
2 – Any combustible exterior wall covering system that has successfully tested in accordance
with NFPA 285
3 – Any combustible exterior wall covering system up to a maximum wall height of 40 ft.
above grade plane. If the combustible material is fire retardant treated wood (FRTW),
then the maximum wall height is 60 ft. above grade plane.
4 – For base wall 2 or 3, a covering is optional but not required. Use an exterior wall covering
as described in 1, 2, or 3 of this section.
1- Infill studwall construction refers to the condition where the stud framing of an exterior wall is interior to the
floorline slab edges, effectively terminating the stud cavity at each floorline and creating section stud bays in
between sequential floors.