1655 BEACH AVE RES23-0207 Mullion_Direct Mull Windows_FL13815_R1_II_Pella Report No. 0507-04 060110_withPEPROJECT NO.:
REPORT NO.:
DATE:
Prepared by:
PTC, PRODUCT DESIGN GROUP
P.O. Box 520775 Evaluated By:
Longwood, Florida 32752 ROBERT J. AMORUSO, P.E.
Phone: (321) 690-1788 FL. NO. 49752
Fax: (321-) 690-1789 F.B.P.E. CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZATION NO. 25935
415-0309
0507-4
5/26/2015
MULLION CALCULATIONS
FOR VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL MULLION
SERIES: Joining Mull for Windows
(Tight Mulls)
Pella Corporation
102 Main Street
Pella, Iowa 50219
PROJECT:
F.B.P.E. CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZTION NO. 25935
ROBERT J. AMORUSO, P.E.
FL. NO. 49752
Digitally signed by
Robert J. Amoruso
DN: cn=Robert J.
Amoruso, o, ou=PTC
Product Design Group,
email=robert@ptc-
corp.com, c=US
Date: 2015.05.26
10:53:11 -04'00'
By Toni Gindlesperger at 4:38 pm, Sep 26, 2023
By Mike Jones at 3:13 pm, Oct 03, 2023
Client:
Project #:
Report #:
Prepared by:
PTC PRODUCT DESIGN GROUP, LLC Date:
P.O. Box 520775 Page 2 of 11
Longwood, Florida 32752
PRODUCT APPLICABILITY:This report is applicable to the following Pella Corporation product lines and types only.
1.Product Lines
a. Architect Series (including HurricaneShield, 850 Series), exterior clad and wood.
b. Designer Series (750 Series), exterior clad
c. Proline Series (450 Series), exterior clad
d. Pella Support Products, exterior clad
e. Pella Entry Systems, exterior clad and wood
2.Product Types
a. Casement
b. Awning
c. Picture
d. Direct Set Geometric and Radius
e. Double Hung *
3.Product Materials
a.Extruded aluminum for aluminum portions of window.
b.Pine for wood portions of window frames.
The tributary areas are identified and calculated. These results are used to calculate the maximum pressure
that the product can withstand without exceeding the allowable stresses or deflection. The minimum of these
results is selected and defined as the design pressure for the product. Mullion stress and deflection is
calculated using the AAMA 450 load distribution method.
For each mullion configuration, spreadsheet programs are used to calculate the apparent EI and equivelent I,
a design pressure verification using equivelent I, and alternate spans from the design pressure calculation.
* Not applicable for vertical mulls on impact double hung.
Pella Corporation
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SCOPE PTC, PRODUCT DESIGN GROUP was contracted by Pella Corporation to perform engineering evaluations of various
mulled window combinations. This report will be based on joining the properties of the weakest wood frame (Casement
Window) jambs as demonstrated in the section property section of this report, by evaluation of possible groupings of mullions
based on section property comparisons in accordance with the AAMA 450‐06/09/10. Structural analysis of the mullions is based
on the current edition of the Florida Building Code – Building and Residential Volumes, Chapter 17 and Chapter 6 respectively
using the product grouping method and tributary loading of AAMA 450.
F.B.P.E. CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZTION NO. 25935
ROBERT J. AMORUSO, P.E.
FL. NO. 49752
Client:
Project #:
Report #:
Prepared by:
PTC PRODUCT DESIGN GROUP, LLC Date:
P.O. Box 520775 Page 3 of 11
Longwood, Florida 32752
The following methodology was used to develop the Load width span tables presented in this report.
1. Determine the allowable design pressure (D.P.) based on the actual shear stress, bending stress, deflection and mullion
reactions as compared to their respect design allowables choosing the worst case.
2.. Worst case section properties determined by a comparison of the individual component sections of the
applicable products, the cross sections exhibiting the lowest Moment of Inertia (I) and section Modulus (Z)
will be used. Area as it is related to shear stress does not govern design so it is not a deciding factor of the worst
case section.
3. Using a ratio of the wood window jambs Modulus of Elasticity (I) compute the overall apparent section properties
of the worst case cross section.
4. Use the properties determined above in determining the load width/span tables.
5. Analysis based on:
a.Horizontal Shear Stress = P/A (psi)
b.Bending Stress = Mc/I = M/Z (psi)
i.M = bending moment and is equal toM/Kf
ii.Kf is moment coefficient based on trapezoidal load distribution.
c.Deflection = WL3 / KdEI
i.Kd is deflection coefficient based on trapezoidal distribution.
ii.W is load on mullion in Lbs. = wL where w is distributed load in Lbs/in and L in mullion span inches.
d. Mullion End Load Reactions
i. Based on trapezoidal load on mullion resolved into total load distributed to each end of mullion
equally.
6. Load Width/Span Tables based on:
a.Solving for the allowable design pressure (D.P.) considering various window sizes and mullion spans.
Pella Corporation
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ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY:
F.B.P.E. CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZTION NO. 25935
ROBERT J. AMORUSO, P.E.
FL. NO. 49752
Client:
Project #:
Report #:
Prepared by:
PTC PRODUCT DESIGN GROUP, LLC Date:
P.O. Box 520775 Page 4 of 11
Longwood, Florida 32752
MULLION END ANCHORAGE:
1. Calculated performance is based on the following:
Mullions anchor plates
a.512‐A Wood mullion anchor clip. (316 stainless steel)
e.5071 installation type clip (A‐653 Hot dipped Galvanized steel)
MULLION ATTACHEMENT:
2.a.Mullion End Clip 512‐A (Fin mull anchor clip)
i. The end clip is secured to each end of window jambs using eight #10 x 5/8" wood screws
below, and requires a minimum of 1‐1/2" wood buck thickness (See Detail A).
ii For 6‐1/2" plate attachment to both window frames use ten (6) #8 x 5/8" stainless steel screws.
iii. For clip attachment to wood frame substrates use five (5) #10 x 2" long or longer wood screws
per clip leg into the installation bucking or frame with a minimum of 1 1/2" embedment into substrate
and maintaining at least 3/4" minimum edge distance is required based on the analysis used in this
report for development of the load width and span.
Mullion End Clip 512‐A (Fin mull anchor clip)
Detail A
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Pella Corporation
415‐0309
0507‐4
F.B.P.E. CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZTION NO. 25935
ROBERT J. AMORUSO, P.E.
FL. NO. 49752
Client:
Project #:
Report #:
Prepared by:
PTC PRODUCT DESIGN GROUP, LLC Date:
P.O. Box 520775 Page 5 of 11
Longwood, Florida 32752
f.Mullion End Clip 5071
i. The end clips are secured to each end of joined widow frames using a 6‐1/2" steel plate #500M installed
directely over both frames, then install two (2) 5071 mull clips two at each side of the joined window frames,
(See Detail B)
ii For 6‐1/2" plate attachment to both window frames use ten (10) #8 x 5/8" stainless steel screws.
iii. For clip attachment to wood frame substrates use a total of four (4) #10 x 2" long or longer wood screws one
per each clip leg into the installation bucking or frame with a minimum of 1 1/2" embedment into substrate
and maintaining at least 3/4" minimum edge distance, for clip attachment to window frames through plate
use two (2) #5/8" stainless steel screws per each clip is required based on the analysis used in this report
for development of the load width span.
iv For clip attachment to CMU or concrete substrates use a total of four (4) 3/16" dia. masonry anchors one (1)
per each clip leg into the installation bucking or frame with a minimum of 1 1/4" embedment into substrate
and maintaining at least 2 5/8" minimum edge distance each clip anchor hole spacing must be located
at least on 2 1/4" spacing between anchors, for clip attachment to window frames through plate use
two (2) #10 x 5/8" stainless steel screws per each individual clip is required based on the analysis of this report
for development of the load width span.
Detail B
Mullion End Clip 5071
Pella Corporation
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2"1"
to 4"
F.B.P.E. CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZTION NO. 25935
ROBERT J. AMORUSO, P.E.
FL. NO. 49752
Client:
Project #:
Report #:
Prepared by:
PTC PRODUCT DESIGN GROUP, LLC Date:
P.O. Box 520775 Page 6 of 11
Longwood, Florida 32752
REFERENCED DOCUMENTS:
1. AAMA 450‐06/09/10
2. Florida Building Code
a. Current Edition of the Florida Building Code (FBC), Building Volume
i. Chapter 17 ‐ Mullions
b. Current Edition of the Florida Building Code (FBC), Residential volume
i. Chapter 6 ‐ Mullions
5/26/2015
Pella Corporation
415‐0309
0507‐4
RJA
F.B.P.E. CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZTION NO. 25935
ROBERT J. AMORUSO, P.E.
FL. NO. 49752
Client:
Project #:
Report #:
Prepared by:
PTC PRODUCT DESIGN GROUP, LLC Date:
P.O. Box 520775 Page 7 of
Longwood, Florida 32752
24 85 85 24 68 68 24 30 30
30 85 85 30 56 56 30 24 24
36 85 85 36 48 48 36 21 21
42 85 85 42 43 43 42 18 18
48 85 85 48 39 39 48 16 16
54 85 85 54 37 37 54 15 15
60 85 85 60 36 36 60 14 14
66 85 85 66 35 35 66 13 13
24 85 85 24 57 57
30 85 85 30 46 46
36 85 85 36 40 40
42 85 85 42 35 35
48 85 85 48 30 30
54 85 85 54 27 27
60 85 85 60 28 28
66 85 85 66 28 28
24 85 85 24 48 48
30 85 85 30 39 39
36 85 85 36 33 33
42 85 85 42 29 29
48 85 85 48 27 27
54 85 85 54 25 25
60 85 85 60 23 23
66 85 85 66 22 22
24 85 85 24 41 41
30 85 85 30 33 33
36 76 76 36 28 28
42 69 69 42 25 25
48 66 66 48 22 22
54 65 65 54 21 21
60 65 65 60 19 19
THIS CHART APPLIES TO MULTIPLE WIDE 1 HIGH, VERTICALLY OR 66 65 65 66 18 18
HORIZONTALLY. 24 83 83 24 36 36
30 68 68 30 29 29
LOAD WIDTH MUST BE CALCULATED USING LARGEST ADJACENT 36 59 59 36 25 25
(SIDE BY SIDE) WINDOW HEIGHTS OR WIDTHS. 42 54 54 42 21 21
48 50 50 48 19 19
MULL SPANS ARE RESTRICTED BY THE LONGEST SPAN, (All TABLES). 54 48 48 54 18 18
60 47 47 60 16 16
WINDOWS MAY BE INTERMIXED COMBINATIONS OF CASEMENT,66 47 47 66 15 15
AWNING, PICTURE, IN‐SASH AND DIRECT SET GEOMETRIC OR
RADIUS AND DOUBLE HUNG, (ALL TABLES).
* Use this table for intermediate 2‐way mullions.
ALLOWABLE PRESSURES ON THE MULLED ASSEMBLY SHALL
BE CONTROLLED BY THE LESSER OF MULLION OR THE * For anchor clip attachment to substrates,
INDIVIDULE WINDOW UNIT. see notes on sheets 4 & 5 on this report.
CLIP
TYPE
5071
(PSF)
LOAD
WIDTH
(in.)
CLIP
TYPE
512A
(PSF)
CLIP
TYPE
5071
(PSF)
CLIP
TYPE
512A
(PSF)
84
MULL
SPAN
(in.)
LOAD
WIDTH
(in.)
MULL
SPAN
(in.)
LOAD
WIDTH
(in.)
54
CLIP
TYPE
512A
(PSF)
CLIP
TYPE
5071
(PSF)
9060
966636
7242
7848
MULLION TABLE 1
(VERTICAL OR HORIZONTAL SPAN—JOINING MULLION FOR WINDOW UNITS)
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MULL
SPAN
(in.)
LOAD WIDTH = W1 + W2
2
LOAD WIDTH = W1 + W2
2
F.B.P.E. CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZTION NO. 25935
ROBERT J. AMORUSO, P.E.
FL. NO. 49752
Client:
Project #:
Report #:
Prepared by:
PTC PRODUCT DESIGN GROUP, LLC Date:
P.O. Box 520775 Page 8 of
Longwood, Florida 32752
Product Grouping:
1. Architect Clad HurricaneShield (Windzone 3 only), Architect, Designer and Proline Clad combination assemblies
with Joining mullion in intermixed configurations of casement, Awning, Picture, In‐sash or
Direct set Geometric or Radius.
2. Window type grouping: operable vs. fixed window load distribution was considered in the determination
of the theoretical stress and deflection analysis due to mullion bending load and how concentrated loads produce
higher bending stresses and deflections.
Section Property Grouping:
1. The casement type frame jambs combined produce the lowest overall section properties as joined section properties
The wood jambs joined mechanically with anchors act as one member.
2. The illistration below shows the individule component section properties for the casement window.
3. The intermixed combinations of Casement, Awning, Picture, In‐Sash, and Direct Set geometric or Radius were
examined, the combined section properties calculated using AutoCad (independent of material stiffnesses),
and based on comparison of these section properties the combination of units that produce the weakest
section determined. This section, combined was used in the analysis.
Casement jambs conjoined used in analysis is shown left.
Only the wood jamb, wood side stop combined together is used in the calculation
of section properties.
The wood covers are not considered.
The combined section properties for the above, considering the material differences were found to be
the following. I = 8.200 in4
S = 4.083 in3 (In terms of wood)
A = 8.684 in2
The individule wood jamb, wood side stop section properties used to determine
the combined section properties are given on the following page.
11
JOINED COMPOSITE SECTION PROPERTIES
Pella Corporation
415‐0309
0507‐4
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5/26/2015
F.B.P.E. CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZTION NO. 25935
ROBERT J. AMORUSO, P.E.
FL. NO. 49752
Client:
Project #:
Report #:
Prepared by:
PTC PRODUCT DESIGN GROUP, LLC Date:
P.O. Box 520775 Page 9 of
Longwood, Florida 32752
Joining Mull, 2‐Way (VT or HZ)
Wood Side Stop (VT or HZ)
wood Jamb (VT or HZ)
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Pella
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F.B.P.E. CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZTION NO. 25935
ROBERT J. AMORUSO, P.E.
FL. NO. 49752
Client:
Project #:
Report #:
Prepared by:
PTC PRODUCT DESIGN GROUP, LLC Date:
P.O. Box 520775 Page 10 of
Longwood, Florida 32752
SECTION PROPERTY COMPARISON CHART (VT. & HZ.)
Brand Product Section Exterior MOI_Wood
MOE_Wood
(x10^6 psi)
Window Mullion ChartsAll Clad 4.1239
Architect Series Clad Frame (Direct Set)All Clad 4.3409
Architect Series Casement All Wood 5.8819
Architect Series Model 4 DH Jamb Wood 10.9364
Architect Series Model 4 DH Head Wood 6.9324
Architect Series Model 3 DH Jamb Wood 7.7429
Architect Series Model 3 DH Head Wood 5.1873
Architect Series Casement All Clad 4.1239
Architect Series Model 3 DH Jamb Clad 4.7736
Architect Series Model 3 DH Head Clad 4.6296
Architect Series Model 4 DH Jamb Clad 6.7893
Architect Series Model 4 DH Head Clad 5.1533
Designer Series Casement All Clad 4.1239
Designer Series Double Hung Jamb Clad 5.0565
Designer Series Double Hung Head Clad 4.9788
Proline Casement All Clad 4.1239
Proline Double Hung Jamb Clad 4.9908
Proline Double Hung Head Clad 4.9565
Discussion:
1). Frame Section Properties above provided by Pella Corporation.
2). Ixx is moment of Inertia about axis of bending of the mulled configuration , Ymax is the maximum distance from
"X" axis to outer fibers of the section in the "y" direction. Zx is section modulus = Ixx / y max. A is area.
3). The configuration with the lowest I and Z will envelope all other configurations. A is relatively the same for all,
except the DS radius, therefore will not be deciding factor.
4). Based on the above comparison of sections the casement jamb is the worst case.
5). Comparison above based on section properties of the combined jamb sections only.
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Pella Corporation
415‐0309
Minimum of Compared Section Properties
F.B.P.E. CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZTION NO. 25935
ROBERT J. AMORUSO, P.E.
FL. NO. 49752
Client:
Project #:
Report #:
Prepared by:
PTC PRODUCT DESIGN GROUP, LLC Date:
P.O. Box 520775 Page 11 of
Longwood, Florida 32752
THE FOLLOWING CONFIGURATIONS ARE EXAMPLES IN THIS REPORT
2‐Way
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Pella
F.B.P.E. CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZTION NO. 25935
ROBERT J. AMORUSO, P.E.
FL. NO. 49752