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96-98 3rd Street West TREE 11-00100053 CITY OF ATLANTIC BEACH � 800 SEMINOLE ROAD »= = w ATLANTIC BEACH, FL 32233 INSPECTION PHONE LINE 247 -5814 DTI ITP Application Number . . . . . 11- 00100053 Date 9/09/11 Property Address 96 W 3RD ST Application type description DEV REV TREES /VEGETATION Property Zoning TO BE UPDATED Application valuation . . . 0 Application desc TREE APPLICATION FOR 96 & 98 W 3RD ST Owner Contractor BEACHES HABITAT OWNER 1671 FRANCIS AVE. ATLANTIC BEACH FL 32233 (904) 241 -1222 Permit DRTV FEE PROCESSING Additional desc . Permit Fee . . . .00 Plan Check Fee . . .00 Issue Date . . . 8/10/11 Valuation . . . . 0 Expiration Date . 8/10/12 Special Notes and Comments APPROVED TO PROCESS CHECK ONLY Fee summary Charged Paid Credited Due Permit Fee Total .00 .00 .00 .00 Plan Check Total .00 .00 .00 .00 Grand Total .00 .00 .00 .00 PERMIT IS APPROVED ONLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH ALL CITY OF ATLANTIC BEACH ORDINANCES AND THE FLORIDA BUILDING CODES. DO ll-eVir 9ENG 04.. p WV � q p I, WA TER VV it AFIRE VALVE HYDRANT I INV -0.02 SANITARY MANHOLE 1 3rd STREET WEST N RIM 9.58 8" PVC 50' RIGHT OF 'NAY PAVED PUB.JC ROAD INV B "PVCE 4.03 0" INV 8 "PV• W 1.42 a' INV 8 "PVC N 1.47 31 8" PVC STORM MH1 0 \ EDGE OF PAVEMENT DROP INLET \ - TOP 8.67 _ INV 30'RCP W 0.14 INV 24 "RCP N -0.0 • _ \ }�� ' C,NC " 9.1 __ 9 'Y�Gi 1,TH I 9.6 9.8 • Alk 08 M® S69'00 "E , .. . - 9 FOUND 1/2" IRON FOUND 1/2" IRON 8.9 955.00 PIPE LB 3572 PIPE LS 4144 O i ry _ _ j 2 " 4.98 �y - /` \ATE2 9.a / 9.3 25 0 'a r pp 4 �.7 70 FIELD A Q / ) 10.i METER O 7V . 1 - )Y ' l� -* 0 WATER OAK - Ii L/ � = P l 4; 10.2 • ,(2" ., P ; i � n l 7, s [ A .IVE OAK C9 - �� 11;U L' I 3 4'.' 16.3 7 3 . 4 4 4 N U I NOD PtWER I .,p, d. 1 2 LI45 •. • l7teA/'/ ;�J P LE ANCHDRS I A / •� 4'WATER O AK a � .VE OAIC,O a 2012: .R o . 2.67` ////4 ' / /// ////////////4' / 4' ,f41 I - < <° ` 4 I II • I I . , `3 cyj : I I 9 `, I I 7'LI,E 0 �_11 L o I `i I I ce o r =T i W1 r' W I 1 ' �� 9 m , 3�1 Nto 8 0 e o I' 1 ° ' I 1 STORY DUPLEX cri ' o= 3 N= o I � I /35 V A C A Ni T in o 3 6 N 10 :1 5• f I'i'S ^ o 1 C11 ° N I� I I st 1011 N o �' # _o g 5oiBERR72) ri ao °i LOT 5 o 1 t_ J I I 1 1 63 LOT ' UI 0HERR �� 0 \O i 1 115 - PALS _ 6 • I 13 "NA!F:R CIA I ." 95 i 1 I t71111P I5ATEJ 2AK(2) P..; 4 52.33' 4 In Ki 32.67 / / / / /// V / / /L( / / / / / /// 11 I I I \ .a_.._.- ' 2E U _.�9,6 i 0 1 � / 0 8 5:1 a ^ • N - 8.5 .' S.S." <V fc) (y� ; mut.BFRRY(3). - .. - .. IH' AlM 1 i FOUND 1/2" IRON •� PIPE, CAP ILLEGIBLE 25.0' 9.E a • • � 9.6 70.0' r 1 4LM X99 S 9 0 3e'wnrea OAK 901.11,0 3/4' IRON N69 "W 95.00' r PIPE. 00 CAP tii N69'53'58 "W 94.84' FIELD g 1 0 t . S�.v2 9 L I 93 9.1 3 O 0 C Cr 1>lsenSe,0 B L 0 0 K 81 8 • E--, � � � 0 H cn m , O F, ? Z W . U � F m L^ U 19 Z _ PVC L o 8.. PVC < N SANITARY MANHOLE 1� TOP 10.39 ° !NV 8 "PVC W 5.20 INV 8 "PVC E 5.21 < a TOR!! MANHOLE 1 STORM MANHOLE 2 g• OP 9.57 TOP 8.44 10 r RCP W 3.17 INV 36 "RCP NW 3.28 z � 10 36 "RCP SE 3.20 INV 36 "RCP E 3.30 Uj U w _iiy Zr W y a W > z v yi ilb a El X yl 4 8 gr, 5i n CI w 0 SITE AREA SUMMARY: 0 l TOTAL SITE: 9,690 SF 0 E EXISTING PERCENT IMPERVIOUS: 0.0% a PROPOSED IMPERVIOUS AREA: 4C BUILDINGS: 3,105 SF PAVEMENTS AND SIDEWALKS: 517 SF TOTAL: 3,622 SF } m PROPOSED PERCENT IMPERVIOUS: 3,622 SF / 9,690 SF = 37.4% RETENTION BASIN CALCULATIONS: VOLUME REWIRED: V POST = CA(R /12) (0.47X9,690 SF)(9,3 "/12) = 3,530 CF V PRE - CA(R /12) (0.20)(9,690 SF)(9.3 "/12) - 1,502 CF Z O TOTAL VOLUME REQUIRED: 2,028 CF S w VOLUME PROVIDED: ¢ ELEV. 9.5 2,465 SF 1,693 CF ' ELEV. 8.5 921 SF 464 CF ELEV. 7.5 7 5F TOTAL VOLUME PROVIDED: 2,157 CF d z a $ $ U a V \-- 8 3 .. y � >' 9 N 9 W z 3 g 2 SHEET 10 0 5 10 - MINN ■ 1 RETENTI IN FEET GARY A. ABBEY, P.E. REG. NO. 56819 ,. . _,. —.— 'TREE .& VEGETATION REMOVAL PERMIT APPLICATION 1�J i'RUC a kS *" 8`� . . ., n� x aaK , ;,, , — ` h e J A } r4' ra a i . : r �� i F .,i 1 i�� �} .� ak ��st ?t ��dtz y,a� � r °brie CS +� 3r Ar� l F a {V �� �`�- i , cC 4 �'��u �tlY s i- 1 "� Iy L City of Atlantic Beach " * ` T-P' k o v ' ia � e� . ; g . re r, * �, t t , : , i. � �- Department of Community Atl t Development FL 3 , . ' rsF �h a r' � �. k o a 1 ( 1 )� � a s' h os F • ,,, r , ej , r,,3 ' t "$ r � �'t i , � rr1w r :`� i �'� � �4" 1.',t " .. ' . r� ,4q g 4 „ (P) Seminole Road Atlantic Beach, FL 32233 .0 4 ) -4 ' Yi : 'gquR s e . • • • eic I • �, s t • o e • a t�t � f ` € �' d r , ✓ r •, .pct t t 0 3Y r ' (P) 904 247 -5800 �, ��` }} �� � , I � rt _,;,,, � (F) 904 247 -5845 a '`'"k� 2 rii. _ 41'41 + 1a 44 4 t.: �'� -. c} f,W ' i :4 k � ' + r O k fic :, t ,- x [ Single- /Two- Family Residential $125.00 e • e # 4 ' O '' • y r _ 0 A•t . e ; e s �' � 4 �`� a, IM ` � ' Multi -Famil $250.00 Residential ,�, ,�h de# e�, i �.� t , �• � e.T • = ® � ��� , . � IC: � p �, +� ,� r- Y �tfo . .® 'AV/ • t$� to �— Co mmercial / I a +.00 "� w a a �f 2 t ` �' �° � *a !� h i� ,� e� t, � 1I I . [� (}�] Ci yt. s • 41 :1 1 I� o il) rij C idjtlti �s A rt t a • ,, • . • • c p ® ,' . b f`- Institutional / • r On-r I al" 1,00 J '" h a 4 9 t 42m- : d g44 � M> kn fl y' r k ,� � n r 9 Y f' 3 1� 5 A s p fi A)�' ( J I I r V U D / q /} } � � ._. Vn 1�krF .f d.. xfiti.d..� . ,�.a <vn .. �ti .. t..d�m .. .�. � �wv 3r >t`�. Z_Y.�i i�.. Application #T' - pD! /�� SECTION I - SITE INFORMATION B y -- PHYSICAL ADDRESS (76- ,I•. 96 3 e b S 1 we / plot/re. g (4,4 If an address has not been assigned to this property, contact the AB Building Department at (904) 247 -5826 to request an address. SUBDIVISION BLOCK LOT RE # 1 7 D e'33 —0 SECTION II - APPLICANT INFORMATION 1 'OWNER r LEGAL AUTHORIZED AGENT * NAME OF APPLICANT T 3 e4c i te5 / I A ( 1 � ra.7 F /-icc. ii N ,Y r Y !2N t 6.4(57.51F ADDRESS OF APPLICANT / a 71 FHv4 roc It 09 v A1i IC e) eAcA PHONE ay/ /2 z z CELL e 7 .23Y51 EMAIL a 6-4sr - Al-Fs n' 8e/wkes /10614>,0 G SECTION 111- TREE & VEGETATION REMOVAL REQUEST I REQUEST THAT THE TREES & VEGETATION ON THE ABOVE DESCRIBED PROPERTY AND INDICATED ON THE ATTACHED REQUIRED EXHIBITS BE APPROVED FOR REMOVAL, AS PROVIDED IN THE CITY OF ATLANTIC BEACH VEGETATION CODE, CHAPTER 23, FOR THE FOLLOWING REASONS (check all thatapply): ✓ Vegetation (trees) are difficult to maintain /owner d r Trees are dead, diseased or so weakened by age, storm, fire, or other injury so as to pose a danger to persons, property, improvements or other trees. (` Vegetation (trees) pose a safety hazard to pedestrian or vehicular traffic or cause disruption to public utility services. r" Vegetation (trees) pose a safety hazard to buildings or structures. r Vegetation (trees) completely prevent access or cross access to a lot or parcel. Vegetation and /or trees prevent development or physical use. It is the intent of this provision that a permit shall be granted for the removal of vegetation and /or trees when the applicant has demonstrated an effort to design or locate the proposed improvements so as to minimize the removal of vegetation and /or trees. 1 HEREBY CERTIFY THAT ALL INFORMATION PROVIDED WITHIN THIS APPLICATION 15 CORRECT AND I AGREE TO COMPLY WITH ALL PROVISIONS OF CHAPTER 23, PROTECTION OF TREES AND NATURAL VEGETATION, AND ALL OTHER APPLICABLE CODES AND ORDINANCES OF THE CITY OF ATLANTIC BEACH. c4 c4_6, / ,Q V / K i/, .2 // 0 N RE OF APPLICANT SIG U O CAN DATE FOR INTERNAL OFFICE USEONLY FRONTAGE FLU, , -. ZZVAR. ESA S lt 1 af s �, DEPTH ZONING UBEX Sli' " • '''•'1';''''',,`; N � � � �u � ti`s�.�i i t� ,+fib "�. x?� r n ) t k�e ' . ir r 11 A r t , a t p 11 �z AREA ISA . W OA ' I CR x ' r� ,,, • b < , S Tree &Vegetation Removal Permit Application versionoz.oLog EXHIBI C. TREE VEGETATION MITIGATION APPLICANT Application # TREE 1/ -Qdi 060 6.3 TO BE COMPLETED BY THE APPLICANT ID DBH SPECIES CONDITION "X" �� TO BE COMPLETED BY CITY STAFF Il" „ O' TYPE ZONE STD DBL CR COMMENTS � � "'^ � X E STA_ [ X -__ E 0 VAN X E ® X 0 -_ E 111C t1>l X E .: "% X --_ E 6 r�y X _ -_ E 6 '1 v = Q _X - E 10 8 • _ 8 11 8 - oak Live oak . X X -_ E �= 18 12 8 -_ E MI w X J 17 Live oak X ___ I = = _ �- E 15 8 Palm X -_ E __ - 8 16 17 Palm X __ E w X ��_ E MEG 0 .2/ 1 11 x mi 5 Mulberry X _- E ��i FANO I ��,. 23 - - - -- 24 25 26 27 - ���- - - - - -� 28 - - -_- 32 -_ - -- 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 _ - -- 43 - __ - -- 44 45 46_ - _ - _ - 48 50 ROMME111 -- -r�� 0 73 TOTAL STD MIT DBL MIT CREDIT VI�fV Woo! 63 • SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A 640E Tropical Trace Jacksonville, FL 32259 904 - 509 -4902 e7 +ft rd w 3 Street Atlantic Beach FL To: Mr. Glen Lewis A Cut Above Tree Service 70 Levy Road, Atlantic Beach, FL 32233 Prepared by: Samuel E Lansdale 06/30/2011 .w • +tom Fr- An evaluation of the current health and condition of tree groupings within the project limits • SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A ASSIGNMENT: 1) Evaluate the current health and condition of groups of trees within the project limits. 2) Recommend a plan of care to preserve the trees during construction. 3) Note any precautions that should be taken during construction. 4) Document all the information in a written report. For purposes of this report, the trees are labeled below: Tree1: 11" Live Oak, Tree2: 8" Black Cherry, Tree3: 14" Live Oak, Tree4: 8" Black Cherry, Tree5: 8" Water Oak, Tree6: 14" Water Oak, Tree7: 12" Live Oak, Tree8: 12" Black Cherry, Tree9: 15" Palm, Tree10: 13" Water Oak, Tree11: 18" Water Oak, Tree12: 15" Water Oak, Tree13: 15" Chinaberry, Tree14: 7" Live Oak, Tree15: 8" Live Oak, Tree16: 10" Live Oak, Tree17: 12" Water Oak, Tree18: 7" Black Cherry, Tree19: 8" Black Cherry. (Locations and numbers are shown on Appendix A). LIMITS OF THE ASSIGNMENT: A soil analysis and root examination to assess the condition of the trees' root system was not conducted. My investigation is based solely on my visual inspection of the trees on 06 -30 -2011 and my analysis of the photos taken and tree material gathered during that inspection. GENERAL OBSERVATIONS: There is one lot with a few clusters of trees and grass areas. A developer is considering a few different options to build a duplex, stormwater facility and driveways on the property. The existing trees and shrubs will be pruned in order to try to preserve them. The grass appears to be maintained and a few trees appear to have been improperly pruned, have heavy amounts of vines, bleeding cancers and exhibit unclosed wounds. The previous owners of the property were not able to be interviewed and as a result could not clarify reasons for pruning, any timeframes for noticeable changes in the trees or if the condition of the trees has improved or declined over time. Surrounding the trees are a few targets. Targets are people and or property that could be damaged or injured if the tree failed. The following is a list of targets: West Neighbors House, East Neighbors House and shed, South Neighbors House, North overhead utilities and the future planned building on the property. Since this property is going to be redeveloped it is crucial that the owner understands the effect the construction process will have on the trees. During Construction, the single most important action that can be taken at the start of the construction process is SEL Page 2 of 62 • o SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A to set up construction fences around each tree, or group of trees to remain. This Tree Protection Zone (TPZ) should extend a minimum of 1' for each inch of trunk diameter and should be increased for older trees to prevent digging, trenching, compaction or other soil disturbances within the TPZ (approx TPZ is shown on Appendix A). All of the oak trees are in relative proximity to each other. It would be expected with the canopy overlap that natural root grafting would occur with all of the oak trees within the project area. Fungus and other disorders may spread through natural root grafting; thus all of the oak trees in the area may have the same symptoms or appear to have the same disorders or infections. Root grafting has often been observed in forest trees.,, root grafting between trees leads to formation of communal root systems (Rigg and Harrar. 1931). Approximately, 70 to 90 percent of all plant problems result from adverse cultural and environmental conditions, such as soil compaction, drought, moisture fluctuations, temperature extremes, mechanical injuries or poor species selection. Rarely is poor plant health the result of one simple factor; the cause is usually a combination, or complex, of living (biotic) and non - living (abiotic) stressors. TREE 1 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Quercus virginiana Common Name: Live Oak Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 11" Height: Approx. 20' Spread: Approx. 10' TREE 1 ISSUES: Poor Pruning / Unclosed or Infected Wounds: The subject tree one large unclosed wound where the pruning took place in the middle of a main stem (Fig. 1 and Fig. 3). Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of load, such as the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the load is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 1, and Fig. 2). SEL Page 3of62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A Excessive Vines: Vines are structural parasites and do not feed on the living part of the tree. Vines may, in excessive amounts, cause stress to a tree by shading a tree thus interfering with the photosynthesis process and by adding weight to branches making them more susceptible to breakage (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3). TREE 1 CONCLUSION: The subject tree is a relatively young tree and has the ability to tolerate the removal of a higher percentage of living tissue and is able to adapt to stressors more than mature trees. Removal of vines and proper pruning would enable this tree to grow more vigorously and become a healthy vibrant tree. TREE 1 RECOMMENDATIONS: The subject tree should have any dead or dying branches removed. The vines should be removed. Crown thinning and structural pruning for the tree should be scheduled, preferably in the early spring before the tree is in full leaf. It is recommended that the tree service be ISA- certified and follow ANSI pruning standards for crown thinning and structural pruning. TREE 2 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Prunus serotina Common Name: Black Cherry Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 8" Height: Approx. 20' Spread: Approx. 10' TREE 2 ISSUES: Poor Pruning / Unclosed or Infected Wounds: The subject tree has one large unclosed wound with decay (Fig. 6). The subject tress is crowded by the close proximity of the other trees and appears to have an irregular shape due to the tree searching for sunlight (Fig. 5). Leaning Tree: Many trees develop lean as they grow into open Tight areas and away from larger trees or structures. In these cases, the trees develop reaction wood to support the tree in a leaning position. Trees that lean because of soil and root failure are not stable. The subject tree is leaning but does not appear to have any structural or root defect. (Fig. 4). Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by SEL Page 4 of 62 cte SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of load, such as the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the load is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 4, and Fig. 5). TREE 2 CONCLUSION: The subject tree has poor crown architecture and tapper, because of the crowding has grown toward the available sun light. The open wound on the side of subject tree appears to be healing. TREE 2 RECOMMENDATIONS: The tree is in crowded by the surrounded trees and has poor crown architecture due to the crowding. The subject tree is also leaning. The subject tree should be removed to create more space for the other tree growth in the area. TREE 3 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Quercus virginiana Common Name: Live Oak Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 14" Height: Approx. 25' Spread: Approx. 20' TREE 3 ISSUES: Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of load, such as the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the load is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 7, and Fig. 8). TREE 3 CONCLUSION: The subject tree has poor crown architecture and tapper, because of the crowding has grown toward the available sun light. TREE 3 RECOMMENDATIONS: SEL Page 5 of 62 lor r SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A The subject tree should have any dead or dying branches removed. Crown thinning and structural pruning for the tree should be scheduled, preferably in the early spring before the tree is in full leaf. It is recommended that the tree service be ISA - certified and follow ANSI pruning standards for crown thinning and structural pruning. TREE 4 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Prunus serotina Common Name: Black Cherry Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 8" Height: Approx. 20' Spread: Approx. 10' TREE 4 ISSUES: Leaning Tree: Many trees develop lean as they grow into open light areas and away from larger trees or structures. In these cases, the trees develop reaction wood to support the tree in a leaning position. Trees that lean because of soil and root failure are not stable. The subject tree is leaning but does not appear to have any structural or root defect. (Fig. 10, Fig. 11, Fig 12). Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of load, such as the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the load is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 10, Fig. 11 and Fig 12). Excessive Vines: Vines are structural parasites and do not feed on the living part of the tree. Vines may, in excessive amounts, cause stress to a tree by shading a tree thus interfering with the photosynthesis process and by adding weight to branches making them more susceptible to breakage (Fig. 10, Fig. 11, Fig. 12). TREE 4 CONCLUSION: The subject tree has poor crown architecture and tapper, because of the crowding has grown toward the available sun light. TREE 4 RECOMMENDATIONS: SEL Page 6 of 62 a 4 '`, SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A The tree is in crowded by the surrounded trees and has poor crown architecture due to the crowding. The subject tree is also leaning. The subject tree should be removed to create more space for the other tree growth in the area. TREE 5 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Quercus nigra Common Name: Water Oak Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 8" Height: Approx. 15' Spread: Approx. 15' TREE 5 ISSUES: Leaning Tree: Many trees develop lean as they grow into open light areas and away from larger trees or structures. In these cases, the trees develop reaction wood to support the tree in a leaning position. Trees that lean because of soil and root failure are not stable. The subject tree is leaning but does not appear to have any structural or root defect. (Fig. 13 and Fig. 14). Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of load, such as the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the load is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 13 and Fig. 14). Excessive Vines: Vines are structural parasites and do not feed on the living part of the tree. Vines may, in excessive amounts, cause stress to a tree by shading a tree thus interfering with the photosynthesis process and by adding weight to branches making them more susceptible to breakage (Fig. 13 and Fig. 14). TREE 5 CONCLUSION: The subject tree has poor crown architecture and tapper, because of the crowding has grown toward the available sun Tight. TREE 5 RECOMMENDATIONS: The tree is in crowded by the surrounded trees and has poor crown architecture due to the crowding. The subject tree is also leaning. The subject tree should be removed to create more space for the other tree growth in the area. SEL Page 7 of 62 { SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A Tree 6 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Quercus nigra Common Name: Water Oak Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 14" Height: Approx. 30' Spread: Approx. 20' TREE 6 ISSUES: Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of Toad, such as the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the Toad is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 15, Fig. 16 and Fig. 17). Excessive Vines: Vines are structural parasites and do not feed on the living part of the tree. Vines may, in excessive amounts, cause stress to a tree by shading a tree thus interfering with the photosynthesis process and by adding weight to branches making them more susceptible to breakage (Fig. 15, Fig. 16, Fig. 17). TREE 6 CONCLUSION: The subject tree has poor crown architecture and tapper, because of the crowding has grown toward the available sun light. TREE 6 RECOMMENDATIONS: The vines should be removed. The subject tree should have any dead or dying branches removed. Crown thinning and structural pruning for the tree should be scheduled, preferably in the early spring before the tree is in full leaf. It is recommended that the tree service be ISA- certified and follow ANSI pruning standards for crown thinning and structural pruning. Tree 7 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Quercus virginiana Common Name: Live Oak Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 12" SEL Page 8 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A Height: Approx. 30' Spread: Approx. 25' TREE 7 ISSUES: Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of Toad, such as the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the load is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 18, Fig. 19, Fig. 20 and Fig. 21). Excessive Vines: Vines are structural parasites and do not feed on the living part of the tree. Vines may, in excessive amounts, cause stress to a tree by shading a tree thus interfering with the photosynthesis process and by adding weight to branches making them more susceptible to breakage (Fig. 18, Fig. 19). TREE 7 CONCLUSION: The subject tree has poor crown architecture and tapper, because of the crowding has grown toward the available sun light. TREE 7 RECOMMENDATIONS: The vines should be removed. The subject tree should have any dead or dying branches removed. Crown thinning and structural pruning for the tree should be scheduled, preferably in the early spring before the tree is in full leaf. It is recommended that the tree service be ISA- certified and follow ANSI pruning standards for crown thinning and structural pruning. Tree 8 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Prunus serotina Common Name: Black Cherry Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 12" Height: Approx. 30' Spread: Approx. 25' TREE 8 ISSUES: Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems SEL Page 9 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of load, such as the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the load is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 22, Fig. 23, Fig. 24). TREE 8 CONCLUSION: The subject tree has poor crown architecture and tapper, because of the crowding has grown toward the available sun light. TREE 8 RECOMMENDATIONS: The subject tree should have any dead or dying branches removed. Crown thinning and structural pruning for the tree should be scheduled, preferably in the early spring before the tree is in full leaf. It is recommended that the tree service be ISA - certified and follow ANSI pruning standards for crown thinning and structural pruning. Tree 9 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Sabal palmetto Common Name: Cabbage Palm Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 15" Height: Approx. 20' Spread: Approx. 10' TREE 9 ISSUES: Excessive Vines: Vines are structural parasites and do not feed on the living part of the tree. Vines may, in excessive amounts, cause stress to a tree by shading a tree thus interfering with the photosynthesis process and by adding weight to branches making them more susceptible to breakage (Fig. 25, Fig. 26, Fig. 27). TREE 9 CONCLUSION: The subject tree appears to be healthy, but has vines. TREE 9 RECOMMENDATIONS: The vines should be removed. The dead fronds should be removed from the top down. Tree 10 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 SEL Page 10 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A Scientific Name: Quercus nigra Common Name: Water Oak Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 13" Height: Approx. 25' Spread: Approx. 25' TREE 10 ISSUES: Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of Toad, such as the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the load is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 28, and Fig. 29). Excessive Vines: Vines are structural parasites and do not feed on the living part of the tree. Vines may, in excessive amounts, cause stress to a tree by shading a tree thus interfering with the photosynthesis process and by adding weight to branches making them more susceptible to breakage (Fig. 28, Fig. 29). Fungal Cankers: The cankers appear to be a symptom the fungal genus Hypoxylon cankers which are prevalent and highly visible diseases affecting oaks and other hardwoods in Florida (Fig. 30). These cankers are caused by one or more Hypoxylon fungi. Hypoxylon canker is a fatal tree disease that can thrive for many years in the host tree before overwhelming it. This fungal disease is known to infect all types of trees but is especially dangerous to the oak tree. Drought, improper fertilization, and injury can all quickly weaken a tree. The infected tree usually shows first signs of infection in its branches. The branches experience dieback, wilted foliage and discoloration. Upon the death of the branch, the bark will slough off and expose a mass of encrusted fungal spores. The disease spreads through the entire tree, infecting and killing the wood, until the tree dies. The subject tree has bark that is either loose or sloughed off revealing areas of the tree with a brown powder. Recognition in the spring or early summer, conspicuous, powdery, greenish -to -brown masses of spores called conidia are produced on the surface of crusty sheets of fungus tissue (Barnard 2010). Assumptions are based on perceived symptoms; laboratory confirmation would be essential for confirmation of the type of fungus. TREE 10 CONCLUSION: The subject tree has poor crown architecture and tapper, because of the crowding has grown toward the available sun light and has a fungus. SEL Page 11 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 10 RECOMMENDATIONS: The tree is in crowded by the surrounded trees and has poor crown architecture due to the crowding. The subject tree should be removed to create more space for the other tree growth in the area and prevent infection of the fungus in the adjacent trees. Tree 11 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Quercus nigra Common Name: Water Oak Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 33" Height: Approx. 35' Spread: Approx. 25' TREE 11 ISSUES: Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of load, such as the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the Toad is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 31, Fig. 33). Excessive Vines: Vines are structural parasites and do not feed on the living part of the tree. Vines may, in excessive amounts, cause stress to a tree by shading a tree thus interfering with the photosynthesis process and by adding weight to branches making them more susceptible to breakage (Fig. 31, Fig. 32). Codominant Stem: The subject tree has a codominant stem. Trees with large codominant stems may split apart at the attachment. There is a wound near the attachment and with minimal visual inspection the likelihood of splitting would be increased if included bark is at the point of attachment. A crack at this location is a severe defect and usually indicates a high potential for failure (Fig. 31). Fungal Cankers: The cankers appear to be a symptom the fungal genus Hypoxylon cankers which are prevalent and highly visible diseases affecting oaks and other hardwoods in Florida (Fig. 32, Fig. 33). These cankers are caused by one or more Hypoxylon fungi. Hypoxylon canker is a fatal tree disease that can thrive for many years in the host tree before overwhelming it. This fungal disease is known to infect all types of trees but is especially dangerous to the oak tree. Drought, improper fertilization, and injury can all quickly weaken a tree. The infected tree usually shows SEL Page 12 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A first signs of infection in its branches. The branches experience dieback, wilted foliage and discoloration. Upon the death of the branch, the bark will slough off and expose a mass of encrusted fungal spores. The disease spreads through the entire tree, infecting and killing the wood, until the tree dies. The subject tree has bark that is either loose or sloughed off revealing areas of the tree with a brown powder. Recognition in the spring or early summer, conspicuous, powdery, greenish -to -brown masses of spores called conidia are produced on the surface of crusty sheets of fungus tissue (Barnard 2010). Assumptions are based on perceived symptoms; laboratory confirmation would be essential for confirmation of the type of fungus TREE 11 CONCLUSION: The subject tree has poor crown architecture and tapper, because of the crowding has grown toward the available sun Tight. The subject tree has a codominate stem and a fungus. TREE 11 RECOMMENDATIONS: The tree is in crowded by the surrounded trees and has poor crown architecture due to the crowding. The codominate stem is a hazard so near the root crown. The subject tree should be removed because of the codominate stem hazard, to create more space for the other tree growth in the area and prevent infection of the fungus in the adjacent trees. Tree 12 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Melia azedarach Common Name: Chinaberry Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 27" Height: Approx. 30' Spread: Approx. 20' TREE 12 ISSUES: Invasive (Fig. 34, Fig. 35, Fig. 36, Fig. 37) TREE 12 CONCLUSION: Invasive TREE 12 RECOMMENDATIONS: SEL Page 13 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A Remove the subject tree because it is not native to Florida and because the fruit is poisonous to humans. Tree 13 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Sabal palmetto Common Name: Cabbage Palm Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 18" Height: Approx. 15' Spread: Approx. 10' TREE 13 ISSUES: Excessive Vines: Vines are structural parasites and do not feed on the living part of the tree. Vines may, in excessive amounts, cause stress to a tree by shading a tree thus interfering with the photosynthesis process and by adding weight to branches making them more susceptible to breakage (Fig. 38, Fig. 39). TREE 9 CONCLUSION: The subject tree appears to be healthy, but has vines. TREE 9 RECOMMENDATIONS: The vines should be removed. The dead fronds should be removed from the top down. Tree 14 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Quercus virginiana Common Name: Live Oak Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 12" Height: Approx. 30' Spread: Approx. 25' TREE 14 ISSUES: Poor Pruning / Unclosed or Infected Wounds: The subject tree one large unclosed wound near the base root crown which could be a point of failure (Fig. 40 and Fig. 41). Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of load, such as SEL Page 14 of 62 t i r R . ! • S SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the Toad is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 42). Excessive Vines: Vines are structural parasites and do not feed on the living part of the tree. Vines may, in excessive amounts, cause stress to a tree by shading a tree thus interfering with the photosynthesis process and by adding weight to branches making them more susceptible to breakage (Fig. 40, Fig. 42). TREE 14 CONCLUSION: There is a major wound near the root crown of the tree. The subject tree has poor crown architecture and tapper, because of the crowding has grown toward the available sun light. TREE 14 RECOMMENDATIONS: The tree is in crowded by the surrounded trees and has poor crown architecture due to the crowding. There is a wound near the root crown and may develop into hazard as it ages. The subject tree should be removed because of the wound and to create more space for the other tree growth in the area. Tree 15 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Quercus virginiana Common Name: Live Oak Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 8" Height: Approx. 20' Spread: Approx. 15' TREE 15 ISSUES: Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of load, such as the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the load is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 43, Fig. 44). Excessive Vines: Vines are structural parasites and do not feed on the living part of the tree. Vines may, in excessive amounts, cause stress to a tree by shading a tree SEL Page 15 of 62 Sir SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A thus interfering with the photosynthesis process and by adding weight to branches making them more susceptible to breakage (Fig. 44, Fig. 45). TREE 15 CONCLUSION: The subject tree has poor crown architecture and tapper, because of the crowding has grown toward the available sun light. TREE 15 RECOMMENDATIONS: The vines should be removed. The subject tree should have any dead or dying branches removed. Crown thinning and structural pruning for the tree should be scheduled, preferably in the early spring before the tree is in full leaf. It is recommended that the tree service be ISA- certified and follow ANSI pruning standards for crown thinning and structural pruning. Tree 16 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Quercus virginiana Common Name: Live Oak Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 10" Height: Approx. 25' Spread: Approx. 20' TREE 16 ISSUES: Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of load, such as the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the Toad is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 46, Fig. 48). Excessive Vines: Vines are structural parasites and do not feed on the living part of the tree. Vines may, in excessive amounts, cause stress to a tree by shading a tree thus interfering with the photosynthesis process and by adding weight to branches making them more susceptible to breakage (Fig. 46, Fig. 47, 48). TREE 16 CONCLUSION: The subject tree has poor crown architecture and tapper, because of the crowding has grown toward the available sun Tight. SEL Page 16 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 16 RECOMMENDATIONS: The vines should be removed. The subject tree should have any dead or dying branches removed. Crown thinning and structural pruning for the tree should be scheduled, preferably in the early spring before the tree is in full leaf. It is recommended that the tree service be ISA- certified and follow ANSI pruning standards for crown thinning and structural pruning. Tree 17 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Quercus nigra Common Name: Water Oak Diameter at Breast Height: Approx. 12" Height: Approx. 30' Spread: Approx. 20' TREE 17 ISSUES: Poor Taper: The subject tree has poor taper. Stems with good taper — having a diameter that gradually decreases from the base to the tip — are stronger than stems with poor taper. Taper develops in response to movement in wind and is enhanced by presence of lateral branches low on the stem. Taper allows distribution of load, such as the weight of the canopy and wind, along the length of the stem. When stems have poor taper or the load is not uniformly distributed, the stem is more likely to break where the stress is greatest (Fig. 49, Fig. 50). TREE 17 CONCLUSION: The subject tree has poor crown architecture and tapper, because of the crowding has grown toward the available sun light. TREE 17 RECOMMENDATIONS: The subject tree should have any dead or dying branches removed. Crown thinning and structural pruning for the tree should be scheduled, preferably in the early spring before the tree is in full leaf. It is recommended that the tree service be ISA- certified and follow ANSI pruning standards for crown thinning and structural pruning. Tree 18 EVALUATION: Date and Time: 06 -30 -2011 at 16:00 Scientific Name: Prunus serotina SEL Page 17 of 62 s . 'd � :. A SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A APPENDIX A: TREE LOCATIONS AND APPROX. TREE PROTECTION ZONE (Not to scale) 3rd ST=REET WES- ea er.* a ner v +vco w..n_c /MAD ,.i 1leC01rlminfJed Sanitary Sewer _ _ ___ o f = r, i — v St74Sy ■ 'E v, • ,,.. - .n • • • The, • Ihec -, ©0 tl a ,. (Me ter Locatons © I-. . ,r 1 . 1 . MI I; r y i c . , ., c. 4 ' r aie € Y . 4_1_ tom—•{ x ' . - «—i, � . i1 � I � a Y 1 r _ • , 4 1:11" Live Oak _ 1 9..33' f �./� . ; / ... - 1- �' "'e - - -- 3: 4" ` Oak ' I 1 1 1 / 8 / Trb 4: r Black 5; 8• Water I 1 / 1 } 8:14 Oak 11 1 / 1 I / 7:17' Live Oak ( / j 1 - 1 .: 8: Black Cherry ) i- / 1 I 5:15 Sabel Palm o I , o 10:13' Water oak ti I,„,; 1 i, I G I 1 n 1 1:33 Water Oak c id 1; , I 1 2: 2T chinaberry I , $ 1 1 ` 1 13:18" Sabel Palm 1 I I ( , I 1 STORY DUPLEX i m i 1 ,0 14: r live Oak c 16: 10" Live Oak 1 co, a 1 `, 1 • . 17:17' WaterOak 6 4 ',5&', +:1 SS i `� / .' 4 1 41t , 18: r Black Cherry I I 19: 8" Black Cherry 1 I I1 , I 4r;i4 1 t 1 I 1 I ( 1 21.3 \ r ///// Y /// / iii // // /V i /// ' of . 33' ' i II -- 9 5 o cv 41 - 8.5 — — .00 - _ t f 1 469•46%10''W gs.GO' - - - - 'age 20 of 62 ft t-1 • SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA APP CER B: TIFIED PHOTOS ARBORIST FL621 IA TREE 1 q '? ' • t yw 6Y' G r � ,a* t •4r f + A t a w ,, I i" ` A r d 1 lit J g a b 't '� ��i G r, ''• +` + : w ,fk• ,M. a3le A @ '..h',y ,:L ' st O ''' . Figure 1 1-.4.- 44, ,- i tt: T ; X' ,, qq , !di( / . ' r „✓ w 1 i s 4. �.t { R r , ., • r "� j ,y � , t $ - • 59 �v ' ri l' ..... P s It Figure 2 Figure 3 SEL Page 21 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 2 . . Y T+. �11 t w t i , 'a �r 4. r � : (.fit «':, 3 „ F r # t teat `` da ' r i 'VOA "' - , P `. 1 x:• - "R '\ Figure 4 ; r a a j . ` > *rt�t : ;,*".." - 'wq (43 i „ ._ ' T r . Pi" ' ' 44‘ - '4.' ;-0 ,... ' ''' ./*/ ".*0.7"...?14 y 1 " 4414,:"; . '', Figure 5 Figure 6 SEL Page 22 of 62 pi SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 3 a , ,.., ,ay ,} , . 7 • , , k_ . - .'• t d�' Y '� k.'. � J- a �, M +��y - 1 y ,, J ` ; i' �y ::, ;. . , ,-. .4k at t ' , w . h a Figure 7 �� 1 • , 1, r yr _ r, • -,....!.,-1..-, , ,mss ^ rnx'' - n ,t'a y. r z Z • '�4 �. 4 . ?, .-41,,, , y x itv,„,....w.L.,..,..-.,,,-... ,... , , .4.. ar Figure 8 Figure 9 SEL Page 23 of 62 e� r . SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 4 r e 4' rp r •0. 4 Y"'�,r (Y - /Cj'c �. 0111110111110.‘ * t,— # ! �` v r ff a r m t o ' - -.a "1 tali a It, x a y y. . ^ 9 314-6/ ''.>.,'.4* ! ` • — .. a , r. �t 1 f 5''. h9+ '1.� an.a'p+xn ti:4k t+Xly. .e«.it'r +a., . • • t . 4 a f.. F:e..• a A: w ., t C } a � I;. v ii Figure 10 Figure 11 , 4 ' w, ge+ l t F k • If �, 1 �; I' t , r i *"k Figure 12 SEL Page 24 of 62 I mot" . S `' r � f�i +err SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 5 a f �. t _ r T . f ti Figure 13 r w ..* . 0. t, t l) ■ i. Figure 14 SEL Page 25 of 62 . • • SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 6 �'"' , ; / i+ m y a • � a x --0. —,;....."-'4. • ,,.* ' 4-. 41/4 „z., . *► I . R "� t=' Figure 15 Figure 16 , ifi ; . 1' -, .t 1 IV .j A Figure 17 SEL Page 26 of 62 • ..s : ` w s y SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 7 4 it 1 _it +d n y � i F 4 w = `'►`` • ii ‘ , o. N Figure 18 Figure 19 f'r q ..- „, t vr. Y u � .. t y ictlaj- t ) M1 44" ''!. ' ' S t 4 A ,....,. .- 4 M1 • . *... " Figure 20 Figure 21 SEL Page 27 of 62 *n r ,fig SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 8 � ( il +t f.t.. ? t. 'r" a .far ,,,,,,,a,..,r i 4 : iiiiiii ,.., „,, „ ,,,,„,„.„,,,„ , ...,,._ . ,, ,,,..,„. , , ' i., , , „„,-.. — „..-,, , , , ‘,.. .. , „.„, ,. , . , ,., at Figure 22 J t ' ''''V: 7 .. , t ' 4 * ' .i '‘ r ./ a 4 . +� as i .i1 4" Figure 23 Figure 24 SEL Page 28 of 62 t , *i SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTI_F,IE,Dil ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 9 4*C'''''''' , r ::' , ,04A ` ' - ii.' t tr t „ i , i , , poe . * leil, , { e T M r y /p . ter J z A Figure 25 Figure 26 4. , � �r • { . K "4 41 6 4a a • + ¢fa anti is r" .', • ,, • aj 4' # • I t < . Figure 27 SEL Page 29 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 10 ♦ r- {j� J - 4 ) t k-,. . '! y. 1 /, sv rr � \ i + "/ H, t k � y l r r :::40,: vj ` l s i r Ili ti R Ly � ._ YY�G �� y( < S Figure 28 Figure 29 r 1 w^w Figure 30 SEL Page 30 of 62 4,.. . ` ° t o 41:'74.1 +� SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 11 T ,.. , , m s - . ^ 3. . �7 K _ " e ` t * ., !f f.+. "ti� � T L i e Figure 31 aa# � � F y 41 . t i ,r , r , : d 3 ' Figure 32 Figure 33 SEL Page 31 of 62 ; xf 41;',. 4 , SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 12 ' r :, x, it'd r y � �F . « r n ; 'b ." . A; -" ` 1 , , 1 «, f°(': 0 h Q ., ` .. op +T G .yam i. ; '�. ,.� e 'w^ g 4p r S `. l N� • t • t Figure 34 Figure 35 h £ k • 1 `� , it. P A. 'y *. 'q2 « 4 \ 'e i i . } ♦ 3 • , 1 , ,. 4 .13, w - 't , 1:4 , !..' 4 '''':. ' r y . . - 1 , 41.1 .4 --rig , ti Figure 36 Figure 37 SEL Page 32 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 13 s !,{ g y y t >r � . t r 1 4; w` "4 -,47:40.,,,,, Jr, f t' t r f d l } e+ t '' y ♦.. N, „: d� �' a i. . . . i i ti .; < ■ " t k r , « t ' � l 1 �Y ° "<+, 11144 a°'�' �+ � - - -.� � �. : - � � �� ��'+ „....... . 111;:-.4;.''''Z':1— - iS. mss. i ° s w . d �. t ” : 7 d fli i , ,, ,,,,, ,... , , , ,,,,rir, .,4 ': , t 3 1 f ,.+.,. 1 * 1 \ y � T . '`.4*:*,- , 1 �l� � f p �e � o _ 5 t 9p .f 1 ' ' 11\ \ >' I i ` il, � j; i ' 3= f �i 1 a �� t �' Figure 38 Figure 39 SEL Page 33 of 62 a SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 14 t �� a 4 r \ . I. } A ,'4...,.' I � !, e ± , • �;� �. t ., . 1.,,,: .„4';''' k`� u t4 1 ? ' i �„ r^ ^i .: ' 4 . ' " X41 °� "+ 7.4 : . - , ° , d s; x *$ ° Figure 40 Figure 41 . ti � 4 i ram ' d 4 Figure 42 SEL Page 34 of 62 w A k e ... 1£{v i SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED RI FL6211A TREE 15 . . , � a ARBO ST v ' x �' ., , ,.....,.. ,....4,1,1,,,,cv,,,,,, , t.,,, . , _ sk i . , : E�•5 a '�+ 6,1:#i A :4 a te ,. c . 4 • *�$;: *C^ ' " :cti� " ,,' .' ' k . tett t wf A. T.- Figure 43 Figure 44 ss .. , 1?5 .' v ., art 4 el Figure 45 SEL P a g e 35 of 62 .4 i SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 16 • k ..� ,. * \p o a n E ' 4 Y1 a7 Jp w �y � +r p( '^ `� u '�' U l�il * -,' :4'.'`'' te '' ; ' li' , ] p� � 14t Ai. 1a ^,,Sw'. 1 S. yi v +.M lF {"?' WW _ y 1, ttrot s $ '° <• 1 . N ,,: , r 9 `#4 .i• F ':',,r a '., � — fa r.F r k . a a awe .� Figure 46 Figure 47 QA's ,, '' V A Fey: . . • I t k ' s Figure 48 SEL Page 36 of 62 ;' . 4: 1, 4 f ! � ' e pe SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 17 ' ' '' ''''''' ''' ,- niki i ir.. ... — "'. .. '-! , '4 "ii"; . '. 'ft."' 7-: . `*C .- irk '� 'ti .:, t • 4 .i' l A, 1 i; F w � y r 'p y d# :44,...1.''''..!.,4,4, , fi' ** . i _; E .r 4 "fi d � .� � \ ,DV Ss ""✓' .e r. 1,1-f.' C[ } mil . } { q ' {� .' 3} ' e � ��vx y{ + '..i t„,41 I / mow_ 9 . , „., TT� wr F r f T a ._,,„.. j 4 c � a Figure 49 F 50 SEL Page 37 of 62 *.t'.'."" ^ SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 18 J t;tit k T i b', mil. ,i pp } r • r ti.. y, T . 1 .*>y ° S 94 '‘:"4,1iCe ,...".f.f. , < "y. M i f 4"r*' , y X11 ; 4. a r 1 I U z i ,40 iit ,,,,,l' . .est-.. '''' O r i. 411t4 1 ' . ", : ---1,„: Figure 51 y Figure 52 0 +• J hY �' Yw Y r • 'y g ¢ y ' a ,• , s a " m i A e'y 1 Figure 53 SEL Page 38 of 62 '4 " SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A TREE 19 ," i *" . , Sit r -$+ i ', ...t ; 4 4 ,'"'.' , .','.. ',,‘,,,' . 0 \ ittk , tr "� +. ` ' 40,,,,-40.41,-- ; -... . : .. p$ YC .. <ie:. +.P � .. 7 4 , .' -, ..... * y.� f v '4:1'''d . c r; , ft ,. ' 4 k. , , - A., A 0 ,, , -- ,. .vi- 3i r W x: f i tI ' l'-' i S sr . s ' ,i,'' � �.. .1z —h t.r 1 t . Figure 54 Figure 55 f y .. "` � E 4 * �k � fir .. • '74,,;:,;.* „.';',,t‘::*",,,f . ° . I.. . ' - IA 1 . Figure 56 SEL Page 39 of 62 • fiA s SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A APPENDIX C: GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING SUBJECT TREES University of Florida: Florida Forest Trees * u FLOR I DA ENH -722 � IFAS Extension Quercus virginiana: Southern Live Oak' Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson Introduction A large, sprawling, picturesque tree, usually graced with Spanish moss and strongly reminiscent of the Old South, Yt Live Oak is one of the broadest spreading of the Oaks, " . providing large areas of deep, inviting shade. It is the state tree of Georgia. Reaching 40 to 60 feet in height with a 60 L + ; ry i,•. to 100 foot spread and usually possessing many sinuously ` * • curved trunks and branches, Live Oak is an impressive sight for any large -scale landscape. An amazingly durable , � , • *s A • -.. American native, it can measure its lifetime in centuries if ;', properly located and cared for in the landscape. It makes s r an excellent street tree in the South. Unfortunately, Oak wilt has devastated the tree in parts of central Texas. Give — — it plenty of room since the trunk can grow to more than six Figure 1. Mature Quercus virginiana: Southern Live Oak feet in diameter. General Information / — Scientific name: Quercus virginiana i . -- 110 Pronunciation: KWERK -us ver- jin- ee- AY -nuh 1 T Common name(s): Southern Live Oak, Live Oak ( r✓' Family: Fagaceae i USDA hardiness zones: 7B through 10B (Fig. 2) Origin: native to North America 111, Air .. T $ Invasive potential: little invasive potential Uses: street without sidewalk; shade; specimen; reclama- r tion; parking lot island > 200 sq ft; tree lawn > 6 ft wide; urban tolerant; highway median • Availability: not native to North America Figure 2. Range 1. This document is ENH -722, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date November 1993. Revised December 2006. Reviewed May 2011. Visit the EDIS website at httpi /edi s.ifa s.ufl.edu. 2. Edward F. Gilman, professor, Environmental Horticulture Department; Dennis G. Watson, former associate professor, Agricultural Engineering Department, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611. The Institute of Food and Agrkukural Sciences (IFAS) Is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational Information and other services only to Individuals and Institutions that function with non - discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sew sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiHations. US. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Servke, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A. & M. University Cooperative Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Millie Ferrer- Chancy, Interim Dean SEL Page 40 of 62 Al SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A Description Verticillium wilt susceptibility: resistant Height: 60 to 80 feet Pest resistance: resistant to pests /diseases Spread: 60 to 120 feet Crown uniformity: symmetrical`; % Crown shape: spreading, round Crown density: dense Growth rate: moderate Texture: fine Foliage Leaf arrangement: alternate (Fig. 3):- Leaf type: simple Leaf margin: entire ( ` " 1 ? Leaf shape: elliptic (oval), linear Leaf venation: pinnate , ` C ‘� . Leaf type and persistence: semi - evergreen, evergreen Leaf blade length: 2 to 4 inches, 4 to 8 inches /. Leaf color: green Fall color: no color change y Fall characteristic not showy 9 Flower o�g Flower color: brown Figure 3. Foliage Flower characteristics: not showy Fruit Fruit shape: elongated, oval Fruit length: .5 to 1 inch, less than .5 inch Fruit covering: dry or hard Fruit color: brown Fruit characteristics: attracts birds; not showy; fruit/leaves U and Management a litter problem Trunk and Branches Once established, Live Oak will thrive in almost any location and has very good wind resistance. Live Oak is Trunk/bark/branches: branches droop; showy; typically a tough, enduring tree that will respond with vigorous one trunk; thorns growth to plentiful moisture on well- drained soil. Like Pruning requirement: needed for strong structure other Oaks, care must be taken to develop a strong branch Breakage: resistant structure early in the life of the tree. Be sure to eliminate Current year twig color: gray multiple trunks and branches which form a narrow angle Current year twig thickness: thin with the trunk as these are likely to split from the tree as it Wood specific gravity: 0.88 grows older. Culture Light requirement: full sun, partial sun or partial shade Be sure that adequate soil space is given to Live Oak. Soil tolerances: day; sand; loam; alkaline; acidic; occasion - Although roots will grow under curbs and sidewalks when ally wet; well- drained planted in confined soil spaces allowing the tree to thrive in Drought tolerance: high urban sites, in time, they lift sidewalks, curbs and drive- Aerosol salt tolerance: high ways. This may be a small price to pay for the bountiful Other shade cast by a row of healthy trees. Roots: can form large surface roots One of the biggest problems with Live Oak in our cities is Winter interest: no the lack of pruning. Therefore, it is not a plant -and- forget Outstanding tree: yes tree. Because this tree can live for such a long time, it Ozone sensitivity: unknown is very important to develop proper trunk and branch 2 SEL Page 41 of 62 r . SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A structure early in the life of the tree. Following planting Diseases in the nursery, prune the tree each year for the first three It is usually disease -free except for Oak wilt in parts of years, then every five years to age 30. This program will Texas and perhaps some other isolated areas. Oak wilt is help ensure that the tree develops into a strong, long -lived a fatal disease beginning with a slight crinkling and paling fixture in the community, and will help develop the 14 to of the leaves. This is followed by leaf wilting and browning 15 foot tall vehicle clearance needed for planting along city of leaf margins then working inward. The symptoms move streets. down branches toward the center of the tree. Cut down Best growth is made in moist, acid soil, sand, loam or and destroy infected trees. The disease may be spread clay, but the tree is amazingly adapted to drought. It also by insects, pruning tools or transporting infected wood tolerates alkaline soil well. Young trees grow three feet each to uninfected areas. The disease appears to infect Red, year and the trunk adds about one -inch in diameter under Black and Live Oaks particularly. Common practice in nursery conditions. Construction - impacted trees take a Texas where Oak wilt is most prevalent is to immediately long time to die, giving Live Oak a reputation for being a paint pruning cuts on Live Oak with pruning paint to help tough tree. It is usually the last tree to die around a newly prevent the insect vector from corning to the tree. Avoid constructed building. pruning in midspring to early summer in areas where Oak wilt is present. Dormant or summer pruning is best. Sand Live Oak, Quercus virginiana var. geminata (Q. Canker diseases attack the trunk and branches. Keep trees geminata) , grows on sandy soil, is more upright and healthy by regular fertilization. Prune out diseased or dead open- crowned in habit, has thick revolute leaves and acorns branches. produced in pairs. It may be more suited for street tree planting due to the smaller size. Leaves emerge about four A large number of fungi cause leaf spots but are usually not weeks after Live Oak and Sand Live Oak suckers more serious. Rake up and dispose of infected leaves. than Live Oak. The fast - growing variety 'Heritage' is recommended for desert areas, and is more common in the Powdery mildew coats leaves with fugal growth resembling southwestern United States. Quercus fusiformis is native white powder. to central and southern Texas, is susceptible to Oak wilt but resistant to root rot. Perhaps more adapted to Texas than Shoestring root rot attacks the roots and once inside moves Quercus virginiana but nursery operators do not normally upward, killing the cambium. The leaves on infected differentiate among the Live Oaks. trees are small, pale or yellowed and fall early. There is no practical control. Healthy trees may be more resistant than Pests trees of low vigor. It is usually pest -free. Occasionally mites infest the foliage, but they are of little concern in the landscape. Galls cause homeowners much concern. There are many types and galls can be on the leaves or twigs. Most galls are harmless so chemical controls are not suggested. Scales of several types can usually be controlled with sprays of horticultural oil. Aphids cause distorted growth and deposits of honeydew on lower leaves. On large trees, naturally- occurring predatory insects will often bring the aphid population under control. Boring insects are most likely to attack weakened or stressed trees. Newly planted young trees may also be attacked. Keep trees as healthy as possible with regular fertilization and water during dry weather. 3 SEL Page 42 of 62 0 4 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A * �7 FLORIDA. ' of ENH-675 � r I IFASS Extension Prunus serotina: Black Cherry' Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson Introduction �� Black Cherry is a 60 to 90- foot -tall native North American ` tree which has an oval silhouette. Low branches normally P r ..0 droop and touch the ground. These are easil y removed to I v� • • • ,, • ( .0 create dearance beneath the canopy. The finely- toothed, -,. ,.• rc:•e' 'Z- ':, •. deciduous leaves are dark green and shiny, changing in ' * 4. - '4 %f fall for a short period to lovely shades of yellow, orange, T . ' • E ms? -r or red, but this varies with weather conditions and among '� •�: . seedlings. The leaves and twigs contain hydrocyanic acid 1, 1-,,,, : ` j which could poison livestock or other animals if consumed •-::'- r+ %r - '_ ' r in large quanti Wild Cherry cough syrup is made from . ;,. �� R� t 'e' �� t the reddish - brown, fragrant, and bitter inner bark. The r•� {3; +" �; L - r wood is highly prized by wood workers and it has been }!'• �..+% - `r 'f used since the colonial days for fine furniture. 5 ..ri+tt t , k' �, ,- • -.+- ' - t ' '- -, . - ` , • General Information • Scientific name: Prunus serotina - , ' Pronunciation: PROO -nus sair- OTT- ih -nuh Common name(s): Black Cherry Family: Rosaceae Figure 1. Mature Prunus serotina: Black Cherry USDA hardiness zones: 3B through 9A (Fig. 2) Origin: native to North America Crown shape: oval Invasive potential: weedy native Crown density: moderate Uses: reclamation Growth rate: fast Availability: not native to North America Texture: medium Description Foliage Height: 60 to 90 feet Leaf arrangement: alternate (Fig. 3) Spread: 35 to 50 feet Leaf type: simple Crown uniformity: irregular Leaf margin: serrulate 1. This document is ENH -675, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date November 1993. Revised December 2006. Reviewed May 2011. Visit the EDIS website at http / /edis.ifas.utedu. 2. Edward F. Gilman, professor, Environmental Horticulture Department Dennis G. Watson, former associate professor, Agricultural Engineering Department, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611. The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) Is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to Individuals and Institutions that function with non - discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A. & M. University Cooperative Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Millie Ferrer- Chancy, Interim Dean SEL Page 43 of 62 r SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A Outstanding tree: no }� Ozone sensitivity: sensitive , ��1 � �, Verticillium wilt susceptibility: susceptible 4 -, Pest resistance: resistant to pests /diseases ArrAir Figure 2. Range Leaf shape: oblong, ovate Leaf venation: pinnate, bowed Leaf type and persistence: deciduous Leaf blade length: 2 to 4 inches, 4 to 8 inches Leaf color: green Fall color: yellow Fall characteristic: showy Flower Ott Flower color: white /cream /gray Flower characteristics: showy Figure 3. Foliage Fruit Fruit shape: round Fruit length: less than .5 inch Fruit covering: fleshy Fruit color: purple Fruit characteristics: attracts birds; showy; fruit /leaves a Use and Management litter problem Trunk and Branches In early spring as the new leaves are unfolding, Black Trunk/bark/branches: branches don't droop; not showy; Cherry produces small, white, fragrant blossoms. These are followed by small, bitter fruits which mature during sum- typically one trunk; thorns mer and fall from red to dark purple or black. Sometimes Pruning requirement: little required used for jams, jellies, or liqueurs, these fruits are highly Breakage: resistant prized by birds and other wildlife who quickly devour them Current year twig color: brown as they ripen. They stain concrete as they fall in summer, Current year twig thickness: thin, medium and people can roll on the hard seed. If you plant Black Wood specific gravity: 0.50 Cherry, it is probably best to locate it away from walks and Culture pavement. The tree appears to be tolerant of drought in Light requirement: full sun, partial sun or partial shade its native habitat where roots are allowed to explore a large Soil tolerances: clay; sand; loam; alkaline; acidic; volume of soil, but growth is often poor in restricted soil well- drained spaces characteristic of urban areas. Drought tolerance: high Aerosol salt tolerance: moderate Black Cherry should be grown in full sun or partial shade Other on well- drained, non - compacted soil in a location where Roots: not a problem it will not receive excessive heat or competition from Winter interest: no grasses. Although somewhat tolerant of dry conditions, Black Cherry will respond best to rich, moist soil and a 2 SEL Page 44 of 62 tt SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A heavy mulch to keep the root zone cool. Plants should not be disturbed after becoming established and have a fairly shallow root system, making them susceptible to damage from anything stacked, stored, or parked within the dripline and slightly beyond. Propagation is by seed which is spread by birds and other wildlife. Pests Black Cherry is susceptible to eastern tent caterpillar, fall webworm, other chewing insects, but they are usually enough of a problem to warrant control. Diseases No diseases are of major concern. Black Cherry is a host for Ganoderma root and butt rot. 3 SEL Page 45 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A OF UNIVERSITY of ENH -733 FLORIDA IFAS Extension Sabal palmetto: Cabbage Palm' Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson Introduction ■ ) �_. Capable of reaching 90 feet or more in the woods (when = �� ' shaded or protected by surrounding trees) but usually seen 4 1 ' %`i`.i •,,�; . at 40 to 50 feet in height, this amazingly sturdy native palm has a rough, fibrous trunk that is quite variable in shape, ` from straight and erect, to curved or leaning. Cabbage Palm is topped with a very dense, 10 to 15- foot - diameter, round crown of deeply cut, curved, palmate leaves. This is South Carolina's and Florida's state tree, and is well - suited '� i 1iY/ to use as a street planting, framing tree, specimen, or clustered in informal rou in s of varying size. Cabbage g P g rYi $ g J'E Palm is ideal for seaside locations. The four to five - foot - as long, creamy white, showy flower stalks in the summer are followed by small, shiny, green to black fruits which are R' relished by squirrels, raccoons, and other wildlife. General Information Scientific name: Sabal palmetto Pronunciation: SAY -bull pahl- MET -oh Common name(s): Cabbage Palm, Cabbage Palmetto Figure 1. Mature Saba/ palmetto: cabbage palm Family: Arecaceae USDA hardiness zones: 8B through 11 (Fig. 2) Availability: native to North America Origin: native to North America Description Invasive potential: little invasive potential Height: 40 to 50 feet Uses: reclamation; street without sidewalk; specimen; Spread: 10 to 15 feet parking lot island < 100 sq ft; parking lot island 100 -200 sq Crown uniformity: symmetrical ft; parking lot island > 200 sq ft; sidewalk cutout (tree pit); Crown shape: palm, upright /erect tree lawn 3 -4 feet wide; tree lawn 4 -6 feet wide; tree lawn > Crown density: open 6 ft wide; urban tolerant; highway median tyo P Growth rate: slow 1. This document is ENH -733, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date November 1993. Revised December 2006. Reviewed May 2011. Visit the EDIS website at httpi /edi s.ifa s.0 fl.ed u. 2. Edward F. Gilman, professor, Environmental Horticulture Department; Dennis G. Watson, former associate professor, Agricultural Engineering Department, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611. The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sdences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to Individuals and institutions that function with non - discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. US. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, FAS, Florida A.6 M. University Cooperative Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Millie Ferrer - Chancy, Interim Dean SEL Page 46 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A Drought tolerance high `) Aerosol salt tolerance high -��-� - A rl,„, Other Roots: not a problem �� y Winter interest: no Outstanding tree no f Ozone sensitivity: unknown Vertidllium wilt susceptibility: resistant Pest resistance: resistant to pests /diseases Use and Management Figure 2. Range Cabbage palm is about as hurricane -proof as a tree can be. They stand after many hurricanes have blown over Texture coarse the oaks and snapped the pines In two. They adapt well to Foliage small cutouts in the sidewalk, and can even create shade Leaf arrangement spiral (Fig 3) if planted on 6- to 10 -foot centers. Clean the trunk of leaf bases to eliminate a habitat for roaches. Leaf type costapalmate Leaf margin: entire Cabbage Palm is exceptionally easy to transplant and will Leaf shape star- shaped, orbiculate thrive in full sun or partial shade. It will adapt to slightly Leaf venation: palmate brackish water as well as dry, sandy locations and requires Leaf type and persistence broadleaf evergreen, evergreen no special care once established. But it needs to be watered Leaf blade length: more than 36 inches regularly until established since all cut roots die back to the Leaf colon green trunk after transplanting. New roots are regenerated from Fall color: no color change the base of the trunk and require warm soil temperatures Fall characteristic not showy and plenty of water to survive. There is evidence showing Flower that removing all the fronds increases transplant survivaL Flower color: white /cream /gray Tie the top -most fronds together if only lower fronds are Flower characteristics: showy removed so that the bud is protected during transport. Fruit Cabbage palm is drought - tolerant, but not until it is shape round well- established in the landscape after transplanting. New Fruit shape rou than .5 inch transplants (particularly those receiving too little water) are Fruit sh Fruit length: ou l s th a o n hard, fleshy particularly susceptible to the palm weevil, which kills the Fruit color: black paw Although it is one of the hardier palms, 11 °F tem- Fruit characteristics: attracts squirrels /mammals; not peratures killed about twenty-five percent of the cabbage showy; fruit /leaves a litter problem P 1983 in Baton Rouge. Trunk and Branches Cabbage palms are generally collected from existing stands Trunk/bark/branches: branches dont droop; not showy; and are not grown in nurseries. Seeds germinate readily in typically one trunk; thorns the landscape, generating many seedlings. Removing the Pruning requirement little required seedlings from beneath the canopy can be a nuisance. Breakage resistant Current year twig color: not applicable Sabal peregrina , planted in Key West, grows to about 25 Current year twig thickness: feet high. Sabal minor , a native dwarf palmetto, creates Wood spedfic gravity: unknown an exotic, usually stemless shrub, four feet high and wide. Culture Older dwarf palmettos develop trunks to six feet tall. Light requirement: full sun, partial sun or partial shade Sabal mexicana grows in Texas and looks similar to Sabal Soil tolerances: day; sand; loam; alkaline; acidic; extended Palmetto flooding; well - drained 2 SEL Page 47 of 62 `. SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A Pests Giant palm weevil, cabbage palm caterpillar, and a large number of scales infest cabbage palm. The giant palm weevil attacks recently transplanted palms and can kill them. Diseases Ganoderma butt rot is perhaps the most serious disease of cabbage palms. It kills the palms it infects. The disease enters the trunk primarily through injuries on the lower trunk and roots. Avoid irrigating the trunk. There is no control for butt rot, only prevention. Remove infected palms as soon as possible. 3 SEL Page 48 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A ui 7 UNIVERSITY 0 ENH -565 I IFAS Extension Melia azedarach: Chinaberry' Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson' Introduction USDA hardiness zones: 7A through 10B (Fig. 2) Chinaberry is a round, deciduous, shade tree, reaching 30 Origin: not native to North America to 40 feet at maturity and growing five to 10 feet during the Invasive potential: According to the IFAS Assessment of first and second year after seed germination. Growth slows the Status of Non - Native Plants in Florida's Natural Areas as the tree reaches 15 or 20 feet tall. It is successfully grown (Fox et al. 2005), Melia for us in t (chinaberry) is: invasive in a wide variety of situations, including alkaline soil where and not recommended for use n the northern and central other trees might fail. Truly an urban survivor, Chinaberry zones of Florida (but to see if any exceptions for specified has become naturalized in much of the south. and limited use have been approved since publication, check the Conclusions table at: http: / /plants.ifas.utl.edu/ t ,.� Y � _ assessment ); may be used with caution in southern Florida, but should be managed to prevent its escape(counties are listed by zone at: http: / /plants.ifas.ufl.edu /assessment ). ;;%` Uses: urban tolerant Availability: not native to North America • - - A0 • ��; X14- .,�!'�,t; - o �s Figure 1. Mature Melia azedarach. Chinaberry m eir- f General Information Scientific name: Melia azedarach Figure 2. Range Pronunciation: MEEL -ee -uh uh- ZEE -duh -rack Common name(s): Chinaberry Family: Meliaceae 1. This document is ENH -565, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sdences, University of Florida. Original publication date November 1993. Revised April 2007. Reviewed May 2011. Visit the EDIS website at http: / /edis. ifas.ufl.edu. 2. Edward F. Gilman, professor, Environmental Horticulture Department; Dennis G. Watson, former associate professor, Agricultural Engineering Department, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sdences, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611. The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (WAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non -discrimination with respect to race creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, polltiml opinions oraffiliations. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida FAS, Florida A. &M. University Cooperative Extension Program and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Mlle Ferrer- Chancy, Interim Dean SEL Page 49 of 62 ...,,,,,,-,:!,,,„ „... : i. SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A Description Ozone sensitivity: unknown Height: 30 to 40 feet Verticillium wilt susceptibility: unknown Spread: 15 to 25 feet Pest resistance: free of serious pests and diseases Crown uniformity: irregular Crown shape: round Crown density: open Growth rate: fast tip" Texture: fine Foliage Leaf arrangement: alternate ( Fig. 3) - ‘."7"'N., ‘ . , 0 h l Leaf type: bipinnately compound, odd- ptnnately compound `14 = Leaf margin: serrate,lobed, incised Leaf shape: ovate, elliptic (oval) '':• t J Leaf venation: pinnate . `! 7, .. , ,,,,,a. K.". Leaf type and persistence: deciduous "�" Leaf blade length: less than 2 inches 11 Leaf color: gree n _ __ Fall color: yellow �.s ' .. �'i j, h 1 / r oe Pall characteristic: showy - _ ' ;t Flower Plower color: lavender , ; , L 4 Flower characteristics: not showy -,,,,,,„.„ , '! .,1 ,:► Fruit Fruit shape: round II Fruit length: less than .5 inch 11 Fruit covering: fleshy ' I Fruit color: yellow d1 Fruit characteristics: attracts birds; showy; frultlleaves a litter problem Figum 3 Foliage Trunk and Branches 'Irunk/bark/branches:branches droop; not showy; typi- cally one trunk thorns Pruning requirement: needed for strong structure Breakage: susceptible to breakage Current year twig color:brown Use and Management Current year twig thickness: very thick The clusters of lilac flowers are fragrant in the evening but Wood specific gravity: unknown are often hidden by the emerging foliage. The leaves turn a Culture vivid yellow for a short time in the fall. The golden yellow Light requirement: full sun, partial sun or partial shade fruit is quite attractive as it persists on the tree during Soil tolerances: clay; sand; loam; alkal ine; acidic; the fall and winter. When eaten in quantities, the fruit is well- drained poisonous to people but not to birds. The wood is very Drought tolerance: high brittle but t hasbeen used 1n cabinet making. Aerosol salt tolerance: moderate Other Chinaberry is considered a "weed' tree in the southeastern Roots: not a problem U.S. and so it is not usually available from nurseries, It is Roo Roo killed backto the ground in the northern end of its range Winter : no interest: n and 1s often seen as a several- year -old sprout. Many people Outstanding tree: no despise the tree because it has taken overwaste areas and 2 SEL Page 50 of 62 ♦y 4 i % R! *ay � 4• SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A other disturbed soil areas, and has naturalized over large areas of the south. It grows anywhere in any soil except wet soil. But with proper pruning to create a well- formed trunk and branch structure, the plant could improve its reputation. If you have one and would like to increase its life -span, prune to open up the crown to encourage devel- opment of a few well - spaced major limbs. You will not find anyone recommending planting this tree but fine examples of the tree can be found growing in the worst soil. Propagation is from seed or root cuttings. The cultivar 'Umbracultiformis' has a dome -like form and could be the plant seen commonly in some wild stands. It is often sold as Texas Umbrella -Tree. It would be nice to find a fruitless selection. Pests and Diseases Scale, whitefly and sooty mold infest Chinaberry. Leaf spot causes premature defoliation. 3 SEL Page 51 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A * �7 FLORIDA ENH-711 � IFAS Extension Quercus nigra: Water Oak' Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson' Introduction Water Oak has a spreading, rounded, open canopy, and is most often used for a naturalized landscape. The acorns are particularly abundant on Water Oak and make good - f.,' !`r: ' food for wildlife. They badly stain asphalt and concrete for ; • several months in fall and winter. The leaves vary tremen- •. r' � * , dously, from rounded and entire to three -lobed with several `, . , • " '3 t�" bristle tips but are most frequently spatulate. Water Oak is • deciduous in the North, semi - evergreen in the Deep South, ,.o 1 and trees reach 60 to 80 feet in height (shorter when grown ' in the open) with a 50 to 70 -foot spread. Some trees put on + , i :� = f a wonderful yellow fall color show for about a week. V ", �, General Information Scientific name: Quercus nigra Pronunciation: KWERK -us NYE -gruh Common name(s): Water Oak Family: Fagaceae USDA hardiness zones: 6A through 10A (Fig. 2) Origin: native to North America Figure 1. Young Quercus nigra: Water Oak Invasive potential: little invasive potential Uses: reclamation; shade; urban tolerant; highway median; Crown density: moderate street without sidewalk Growth rate: fast Availability: not native to North America Texture: medium Description Foliage Height: 50 to 60 feet Leaf arrangement: alternate (Fig. 3) Spread: 60 to 70 feet Leaf type: simple Crown uniformity: symmetrical Leaf margin: entire, lobed Crown shape: round, spreading Leaf shape: spatulate, linear, obovate 1. This document is ENH -711, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sdences, University of Florida. Original publication date November 1993. Revised December 2006. Reviewed May 2011. Visit the EDIS website at http:Ned i s. ifas. u fi.ed u. 2. Edward F. Gilman, professor, Environmental Hortkulture Department; Dennis G. Watson, former associate professor, Agricultural Engineering Department, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611. The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) Is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational Information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A & M. University Cooperative Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating Millie Ferrer-Chancy, Interim Dean SEL Page 52 of 62 • 4 i • SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A _ \,l, Verticillium wilt susceptibility: resistant 4 _ _ ,2 Pest resistance: resistant to pests /diseases � tip � li t k ./ 111041li 40 t Figure 2. Range ��; Leaf venation: brachidodrome, pinnate ‘to) Leaf type and persistence: deciduous e \ � , / Leaf blade length: less than 2 inches, 2 to 4 inches f Leaf color: green L Fall color: yellow Fall characteristic: showy Flower -,449 Flower color: brown Figure 3. Foliage Flower characteristics: not showy Fruit Fruit shape: oval, round Fruit Length: less than .5 inch, .5 to 1 inch Fruit covering: dry or hard Fruit color: brown Fruit characteristics: attracts squirrels /mammals; not Use and Management showy; fruit/leaves a litter problem Easily transplanted, young trees should be trained to de- Trunk and Branches velop a central trunk and then will require only occasional Trunk/bark/branches: branches droop; not showy; typi- pruning once established. Naturalized trees often develop cally one trunk; thorns with several upright multiple trunks which are poorly Pruning requirement: needed for strong structure attached to the tree. Horizontal branches droop toward the Breakage: susceptible to breakage ground as additional growth adds to their weight. They can Current year twig color: reddish, brown split from the tree in wind storms, deforming the plant and Current year twig thickness: thin beginning the process of decay and decline. They appear Wood specific gravity: 0.63 to be poor compartmentalizers of decay since many are Culture hollow at 40 years old. Light requirement: full sun, partial sun or partial shade A rapid - grower, Water Oak has a relatively short life span Soil tolerances: clay; sand; loam; acidic; alkaline; extended of only 30 to 50 years, particularly in the east on good sites flooding; well- drained where growth is rapid. Perhaps more durable and not as Drought tolerance: high weak - wooded in drier areas such as Texas and Oklahoma Aerosol salt tolerance: low where growth is slower. The tree often begins to break apart Other just as it grows to a desirable size. For this reason, Live, Roots: not a problem Bur, Shumard, Red, White, Swamp White Oak and others Winter interest: no are much better choices. Like other Oaks, care must be Outstanding tree: no taken to develop a strong branch structure early in the life Ozone sensitivity: unknown of the tree. This might increase the life span by eliminating 2 SEL Page 53 of 62 L " 1 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A the need for removing large- diameter branches. Pruning Diseases large branches from the trunk often initiates decay in the trunk. Except for oak wilt, no diseases are normally serious. A North American native, Water Oak is adapted to wet, Mushroom root rot and trunk decay can be serious. swampy areas, such as along ponds and stream banks, but Anthracnose may be a serious problem in wet weather. In- can also tolerate other well- drained sites and even heavy, fected leaves have dead areas following the midrib or larger compacted soils. Not adapted to highly alkaline soil but veins. These light brown blotches may run together and, in will grow well in clay. severe cases, cause leaf drop. Trees of low vigor, repeatedly Propagation is by seed or hardwood cuttin s. Pro a defoliated, may die. Trees defoliated several years in a row g P may need spraying, to allow the tree to recover. tion of Oaks by seed is the most common method, but horticulturists are developing techniques for vegetative Canker diseases attack the trunk and branches. Keep trees propagation. healthy by regular fertilization. Prune out diseased or dead Pests branches. No pests are normally serious. Leaf blister symptoms are round raised areas on the upper leaf surfaces causing depressions of the same shape and size Galls cause homeowners much concern. There are many on lower leaf surfaces. Infected areas are yellowish -white types and galls can be on the leaves or twigs. Most galls are to yellowish - brown. The disease is most serious in wet harmless so chemical controls are not suggested. seasons in the spring but it does not need to be treated. Infection in the Deep South can be severe and can cause Scales of several types can usually be controlled with sprays usually significant defoliation. Repeated heavy defoliations of horticultural oil. can weaken trees and make them more sensitive to other stresses. Boring insects are most likely to attack weakened or stressed trees, particularly those with root damage resulting A large number of fungi cause leaf spots but are usually not from construction activities. Newly planted young trees serious. Rake up and dispose of infected leaves. may also be attacked. Keep trees as healthy as possible with regular fertilization and water during dry weather. Powdery mildew coats leaves with white powdery growth. Many caterpillars feed on Oak. Large trees tolerate some Shoestring root rot attacks the roots and once inside moves feeding injury without harm. Trees repeatedly attacked, upward, killing the cambium. The leaves on infected or having some other problem, may need spraying. Tent trees are small, pale or yellowed and fall early. There is no caterpillars form nests in trees then eat the foliage. The practical control. Healthy trees may be more resistant than nests can be pruned out when small. Where they occur, trees of low vigor. gypsy moth caterpillars are extremely destructive on Oaks. Fall cankerworm has been a problem in some years. Chlorosis due to iron - deficiency occurs on very high pH soil. Twig pruner causes twigs to drop off in the summer. The larvae ride the twig to the ground. Rake up and destroy fallen twigs. Lace bugs suck juices from leaves causing them to look dusty or whitish gray. Leaf miners cause brown areas in leaves. To identify leaf miner injury tear the leaf in two across the injury. If the injury is due to leaf miner, upper and lower leaf surfaces are separate and black insect excrement will be seen. 3 SEL Page 54 of 62 rt tp'i. S, _ e y i" • J, t. SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A APPENDIX D: PRESERVING TREES DURING CONSTRUCTION How Trees Are Damaged During Construction Physical Injury to Trunk and Crown. Construction equipment can injure the aboveground portion of a tree by breaking branches, tearing the bark, and wounding the trunk. These injuries are permanent and, if extensive, can be fatal. Cutting of Roots. The digging and trenching that are necessary to construct a house and install underground utilities will likely sever a portion of the roots of many trees in the area. It is easy to appreciate the potential for damage if you understand where roots grow. The roots of a tree are found mostly in the upper 6 to 12 inches of the soil. In a mature tree, the roots extend far from the trunk. In fact, roots typically are found growing a distance of one to three times the height of the tree. The amount of damage a tree can suffer from root loss depends, in part, on how close to the tree the cut is made. Severing one major root can cause the Toss of 5 to 20 percent of the root system. 411 ++� .... ,tr i t The roots of a tree extend far from the trunk and are found mostly in the upper 6 to 12 inches of soli. Another problem that may result from root loss caused by digging and trenching is that the potential for the trees to fall over is increased. The roots play a critical role in anchoring a tree. If the major support roots are cut on one side of a tree, the tree may fall or blow over. Less damage is done to tree roots if utilities are tunneled under a tree rather than across the roots. SEL Page 55 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A 1 J T Less damage is done to tree roots if utilities are tunneled under a tree (left, top and bottom) rather than across roots (right, top and bottom). Soil Compaction. An ideal soil for root growth and development is about 50 percent pore space. These pores —the spaces between soil particles —are filled with water and air. The heavy equipment used in construction com -pacts the soil and can dramatically reduce the amount of pore space. This compaction not only inhibits root growth and penetration but also decreases oxygen in the soil that is essential to the growth and function of the roots. Smothering Roots by Adding Soil. Most people are surprised to learn that 90 percent of the fine roots that absorb water and minerals are in the upper 6 to 12 inches of soil. Roots require space, air, and water. Roots grow best where these requirements are met, which is usually near the soil surface. Piling soil over the root system or increasing the grade smothers the roots. It takes only a few inches of added soil to kill a sensitive mature tree. Exposure to the Elements. Trees in a forest grow as a community, protecting each other from the elements. The trees grow tall, with long, straight trunks and high canopies. Removing neighboring trees or opening the shared canopies of trees during construction exposes the remaining trees to sunlight and wind. The higher levels of sunlight may cause sunscald on the trunks and branches. Also, the remaining trees are more prone to breaking from wind or ice loading. Getting Advice Hire a professional arborist in the early planning stage. Many of the trees on your property may be saved if the proper steps are taken. Allow the arborist to meet with you and your building contractor. Your arborist can assess the trees on your property, determine which are healthy and structurally sound, and suggest measures to preserve and protect them. One of the first decisions is determining which trees are to be preserved and which should be removed. You must consider the species, size, maturity, location, and SEL Page 56 of 62 Pipw 11 # SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A condition of each tree. The largest, most mature trees are not always the best choices to preserve. Younger, more vigorous trees usually can survive and adapt to the stresses of construction better. Try to maintain diversity of species and ages. Your arborist can advise you about which trees are more sensitive to compaction, grade changes, and root damage. Planning Your arborist and builder should work together in planning the construction. The builder may need to be educated regarding the value of the trees on your property and the importance of saving them. Few builders are aware of the way trees' roots grow and what must be done to protect them. Sometimes small changes in the placement or design of your house can make a great difference in whether a critical tree will survive. An alternative plan may be more friendly to the root system. For example, bridging over the roots may substitute for a conventional walkway. Because trenching near a tree for utility installation can be damaging, tunneling under the root system may be a good option. Erecting Barriers Because our ability to repair construction damage to trees is limited, it is vital that trees be protected from injury. The single most important action you can take is to set up construction fences around all of the trees that are to remain. The fences should be placed as far out from the trunks of the trees as possible. As a general guideline, allow 1 foot of space from the trunk for each inch of trunk diameter. The intent is not merely to protect the aboveground portions of the trees but also the root systems. Remember that the root systems extend much farther than the drip lines of the trees. Instruct construction personnel to keep the fenced area clear of building materials, waste, and excess soil. No digging, trenching, or other soil disturbance should be allowed in the fenced area. Protective fences should be erected as far out from the trunks as possible in order to protect the root system. Limiting Access If at all possible, it is best to allow only one access route on and off the property. All contractors must be instructed where they are permitted to drive and park their vehicles. Often this same access drive can later serve as the route for utility wires, water lines, or the driveway. SEL Page 57 of 62 P P ?r .a AS N . . SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A • H � �7 } ,'fi� s I , 1 lI 11 1 1 1 11 10 1 1 1 1 1 01 1 1 1 � �! rr ail{ ' �r, t�; ' �� � __ i‘ , ` : �''` ' ' r!!I!!! !!!1! .may - - v ,."."��� z.. Protective fences should be erected as far out from the trunks as possible In order to protect the root systems. Specify storage areas for equipment, soil, and construction materials. Limit areas for burning (if permitted), cement wash -out pits, and construction work zones. These areas should be away from protected trees. Specifications Get it in writing. All of the measures intended to protect your trees must be written into the construction specifications. The written specifications should detail exactly what can and cannot be done to and around the trees. Each subcontractor must be made aware of the barriers, limitations, and specified work zones. It is a good idea to post signs as a reminder. Fines and penalties for violations should be built into the specifications. Not too surprisingly, subcontractors are much more likely to adhere to the tree preservation clauses if their profit is at stake. The severity of the fines should be proportional to the potential damage to the trees and should increase for multiple infractions. Maintaining Good Communications It is important to work together as a team. You may share clear objectives with your arborist and your builder, but one subcontractor can destroy your prudent efforts. Construction damage to trees is often irreversible. Visit the site at least once a day if possible. Your vigilance will pay off as workers learn to take your wishes seriously. Take photos at every stage of construction. If any infraction of the specifications does occur, it will be important to prove liability. Final Stages It is not unusual to go to great lengths to preserve trees during construction, only to have them injured during landscaping. Installing irrigation systems and rototilling planting beds are two ways the root systems of trees can be damaged. Remember also SEL Page 58 of 62 lrop SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A that small increases in grade (as little as 2 to 6 inches) that place additional soil over the roots can be devastating to your trees. Careful planning and communicating with landscape designers and contractors is just as important as avoiding tree damage during construction. Post- Construction Tree Maintenance Your trees will require several years to adjust to the injury and environmental changes that occur during construction. Stressed trees are more prone to health problems such as disease and insect infestations. Talk to your arborist about continued maintenance for your trees. Continue to monitor your trees, and have them periodically evaluated for declining health or safety hazards. Despite the best intentions and most stringent tree preservation measures, your trees still might be injured from the construction process. Your arborist can suggest remedial treatments to help reduce stress and improve the growing conditions around your trees. (1998, 2004 International Society of Arboriculture. UPDATED JULY 2005) SEL Page 59 of 62 SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A APPENDIX E: WORKS CITED: Ten Common Wood Decay Fungi on Landscape Trees — Identification Handbook. Hickman, G. W., and E. J. Perry 1997. Insect Borers of Trees and Shrubs, Michael F. Potter and Daniel A. Potter, Entomologists, University of Kentucky College of Agriculture 2008. Florida Forest Trees, University of Florida Institute for Food and Agriculture Science 2011. Adaptive Significance of root grafting in Trees, Rigg and Harrar. 1931; Kozlowski and Cooley 1961: Saunier and Wagle, 1965: Graham and Bormann 1966: Kozlowski 1979. Phytophthora Basal Cankers of Oaks in Florida, E. L. Barnard, July 2006. Hypoxylon Cankers of Oaks and Other Hardwoods, Dr. Edward Barnard, Forest Pathologist, Florida Division of Forestry 2010. Wood- boring Insects of Trees and Shrubs Bastiaan M. Drees, John A. Jackman, Michael E. Merchant, The Texas A &M University System 1994. Trees and Shrubs: Shade Tree Borers, W.S. Cranshaw and D.A. Leatherman 2006. How Trees Are Damaged During Construction Pamhlet: 1998, 2004 International Society of Arboriculture. UPDATED JULY 2005 SEL Page 60 of 62 . SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A APPENDIX F: ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITING CONDITIONS: 1) Any legal description provided to the consultant/appraiser is assumed to be correct. Any titles and ownerships to any property are assumed to be good and marketable. No responsibility is assumed for matters legal in character. Any and all property is appraised or evaluated as though free and clear, under responsible ownership and competent management. 2) Care has been taken to obtain all information from reliable sources. All data has been verified insofar as possible; however, the consultant/appraiser can neither guarantee nor be responsible for the accuracy of the information provided by others. 3) The consultant/appraiser shall not be required to give testimony or attend court by reason of this report unless subsequent contractual arrangements are made, including payment of an additional fee for services as described in the fee schedule and contract of engagement. 4) Loss or alteration of any part of this report invalidates the entire report. 5) Possession of this report or a copy thereof does not imply right of publication or use for any purpose by any other than the person to whom it is addressed, without the prior expressed written or verbal consent of the consultant/appraiser. 6) Neither all nor any part of the contents of this report, nor copy thereof, shall be conveyed by anyone, including the client, to the public through advertising, public relations, news, sales, or other media, without prior expressed written or verbal consent of the consultant/appraiser particularly as to value conclusions, identity of the consultant/appraiser, or any reference to any professional society or institute or to any initialed designation conferred upon the consultant/appraiser as stated in his qualification. 7) This report and values expressed herein represent the opinion of the consultant/appraiser, and the consultant's /appraiser's fee is in no way contingent upon the reporting of a specified value, a stipulated results, the occurrence of a subsequent event, not upon any finding to be reported. 8) Sketches, diagrams, graphs and photographs in this report, being intended as visual aids, are not necessarily to scale and should not be construed as engineering or architectural reports, surveys or drawings. 9) Unless expressed otherwise: (1) information contained in this report covers only those items that were examined and reflects the condition of those items at the time of inspection; and (2) the inspection is limited to visual examination of accessible items without dissection, excavation, probing or coring. There is no warranty or guarantee, expressed or implied, that the problems or deficiencies of the plants or property in question may not arise in the future. SEL Page 61 of 62 t SAMUEL E LANSDALE: ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A APPENDIX G: CERTIFICATION AND PERFORMANCE I, Samuel E Lansdale, certify that: • I have personally inspected the trees and the property referred to in this report and have stated my findings accurately. The extent of the evaluation or appraisal is stated in the attached report and the Terms of the Assignment. • I have no current or prospective interest in the vegetation or the property that is the subject of this report and have no personal interest or bias with respect to the parties involved. • The analysis, opinions and conclusions stated herein are my own and are based on current scientific procedures and facts. • The analysis, opinions and conclusions were developed and this report has been prepared according to commonly accepted arboricultural practices. • No one provided significant professional assistance to me, except as indicated within the report. • My compensation is not contingent upon the reporting of a predetermined conclusion that favors the cause of the client or any other party nor upon the results of the assessment, the attainment of stipulated results or the occurrence of any subsequent events. • I further certify that I am an ISA Certified Arborist and member in good standing with the International Society of Arboriculture. O 71 /4 44 SAMUEL E LANSDALE ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST FL6211A 07/1 /// DATE SEL Page 62 of 62