Policy Manual- 4
CITY OF ~A~'~c "~`T~ TTT T ~ ATLANTIC BEAC~I
CROSS-CONNECTION CONTROL
"? POLICY MANUAL
Revised Ma"rch "2000
i.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
..1
TITLE PAGE
INTRODUCTION .........................................................
' 1
PART1-Overview .........................................................2
1.01 PURPOSE ................................................... .2
1.02 CAUSES OF BACKFLOW ....................................:..... 2
PAgT 2 Responsibility ..................................................... 3
2.01 CROSS-CONNECTION CONTROL PROGRAM ......................... 3
2.02 CUSTOMERS ....................'................................ 3
2.03 BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICE INSTALLERS ....................... 3
PART 3-lnspections .......................................................4
3.01 FREQUENCY .................................................... 4
3.02 PROPOSED CONSTRUCTIONS ....... ............................ 4
3.03 NEW AND EXISTING FACILITIES .................................:.. 4
PART 4 - Definifions .... ......................... ........ ............. 4
PART 5 -Cross-Connection Hazards and Required Protections .................... 7
5.01 FACILITIES. ........................ ' ....... .............. .
....... 7
5A2 FIRE SYSTEMS ................................................. 10
5.03 OTHER CROSS-CONNECTION HAZARDS ............................ 10
5.04 BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICES (Illustrated) ...................... 12
5.05 TYPICAL INSTALLATIONS (Illustrated) ............................... 15
PART 6 -Testing of Backflow Prevenfers ...................................... 21
PART 7 -Penalties for Non Compliance ....................................... 21
_ 7.01 TERMINATION OF SERVICE ....................................... 21
7.02 MONETARY PENALTIES ..................-:....................... 21
PART 8 -Pertinent
O (1~ r`IT\/ OI
O r17 /'~fTV 1A/
LJ~~
Q 117 /'ITV /~~
Section°2-146.
Section 2-147.
Section 2-148.
Section'2-149.
Section 22-32.
5ecfions of Loca! Codes ................................... 22
~L 1"1 I A~~^7Tni' ~U-17~.rpT~R ('1 <1 /~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~~
ATC['~ AAfI'l_~=\AJCO n!'11"~I' ~lJl nTC_~`(~~ ~c~
A r1T'TI-'I~GT ~ .JII~ .C. T . n'~II
':Jurisdiction -' 22
Procedure; ;hearings 22
:Powers
'22
Penalties; -lien _ 22
IConriection of private water systems to City system is prohibited 23
~ #
"`
Section 22=33. :Prohibited acts 23
Section 22-42. Definitions 23
Section 22-43. Cross connections; back'tlo~s~ devices
_.. ,.. 24
REFEREN~ES ......................................................... ~ 25
"'~
~~
- > American Water Works Association
POLICY ON CROSS-CONNECTIONS
A statement adopted by Board of Directors on Jan. 26, 9970 and Revised June 24, 9979
The American Water Works Association. recognizes that the water purveyor has a
responsibility to provide its customers at the service connection with water that is safe under all
foreseeable circumstances. Thus, in the exercise of this responsibility, the water purveyor must
take reasonable precaution to protect the community distribution system from the hazards
originating on the premises of its customers that may degrade the water in the community
distribution system.
It is realized that cross-connection control and plumbing inspections on premises of its
customers are regulatory in nature and should be handled through the rules, regulations, and
recommendations of the health authority or the plumbing-code enforcing agencies having
jurisdiction. The water purveyor, however, should be aware of any situation requiring inspection
and/or re-inspections necessary to detect hazardous conditions resulting from cross-connections.
If, in the opinion of the utility, effective measures consistent with the degree of hazard have not
been taken by the regulatory agency, the water purveyor should take such measures as he may
deem necessary to ensure that the community distribution system is protected from contamination.
Such action would include the installation of a backflow prevention device, consistent with the
degree of hazard, at the service connection, or discontinuance of the service.
~",
INTRODUCTION
Across-connection is defined in the rules of the Department of Environmental Regulation (DER),
of the State of Florida, Chapter 17-22 as "Any physical arrangement whereby a public water supply
is connected, directly or indirectly with any other water supply system, sewer, drain, conduit, pool,
storage reservoir, plumbing fixture, or other device which contains or may contain contaminated
water, sewage or other waste or liquid of unknown or unsafe quality which may be capable of
imparting contamination to the public water supply as the result of backflow. By-pass
arrangements, jumper connections, removable sections, swivel or changeable devices and other
temporary or permanent devices through which or because of which backflow could occur are
considered to be cross-connections." Consequently, either cross-connections or the chance of
backflow must be eliminated to prevent degrading the high quality of water that water purveyors
strive to maintain.
Cross-connection control programs, as administered by water purveyors, are relatively new to
Florida. Initially, the primary responsibility for safeguardirig water quality on private property was
left to local health agencies and building and inspection departments. Then, beginning with the
Safe Drinking Water Act, signed by President Ford on December 16, 1974, a chain of laws and
regulations evolved that resulted. in_the State requirement (Florida Safe Drinking Water Act,
Sections 403.850-403.864, Florida Statutes) for all the public water systems to have across-
connection control program. Contained within the Rules of Department of Environmental
Regulation (DER), Chapter 17-22, the State of Florida, on November 9, 1977, adopted the following
policy:
"Community wafer systems are required to establish a routine cross-connection program for the
purpose of detecting and preventing cross-connections that create an imminent and substantial
'' danger to the public health by and from contamination due to the cross-connection. Upon detection
of a prohibited cross-connection, both community and non-community water systems shall either
eliminate the cross-connection by installation of an appropriate backflow prevention device
acceptable to the Department (DER) or discontinue service until the contaminate source is
eliminated."(17-22.107(4)b., Florida Administrative Code.)
This statement was later updated to include that "Such program shall be developed utilizing
accepted practices of the American Wafer Works Association guidelines as set forth in AWWA
manuals m74, `Backflow Prevention and Cross-Connection Control' and `Cross-Connections and
Backflow Prevention' 2nd Edition."
In compliance with this mandate, the following is the ,
Vy~TfC"~PP A'C~GI-'G7Gr~."J~'7OTJTOl7 City, of,:Atlantic rBeach;- :Publ.ic~ Works Department, ater
Distribution Division's Policy on Cross-Connection Control.
We urge you to acquaint yourself with the policies and information presented in this manual. It is
only through the education and commitment of persons like yourself that we can control the
hazards presented by cross-connections within our public drinking water supply. The Public Works
Department stands behind this policy and its enforcement and will offer its assistance to all who
share the responsibility of safe water.
(1)
.~
PART 1 -Overview
1.01 PURPOSE
The purpose of this Policy is to protect the public potable water supply of the '
City of Atlantic Beach from the possibility of contamination.. To promote the elimination or control
of existing cross-connections, actual or potential, between its customers' inplant plumbing fixtures
and industrial piping and the public water supply; and to provide for the maintenance of a conti-
nuing program of cross-connection control which will systematically and effectively prevent the
contamination of the potable water distribution system. More exactly, the Policy is intended to
prevent delivered water - water that has passed beyond the public water system and into the
private distribution systems of consumers - from re=entering the public distribution system and
being subsequently delivered to consumers and to allow persons active in piping design and
installation to incorporate and install appropriate backflow prevention devices correctly.
1.02 CAUSES OF BACKFLOW
The causes of backflow cannot usually be eliminated completely since backflow is often initiated
by accidents or unexpected circumstances. However, some causes of backflow can be partially
controlled. by good design and informed maintenance. Listed. below are the major causes of
backflow as outlined under the two types of backflow - backsiphonage and backpressure.
A. BACKSIPHONAGE - Backsiphonage is caused by reduced or negative pressure being
created in the supply piping. The principal causes of backsiphonage are:
,1. Line repair or break which is lower than a service point. This will allow negative
pressures to be created by water trying to flow to a lower point in the system.
2. Undersized piping if water is withdrawn from a pipe at a very high velocity, the
pressure in the pipe is reduced and the pressure differential created can cause water
to flow into the pipe from a contaminated source.
3. Lowered pressure in water main due to high water withdrawal rate such as fire
fighting, water main flushing, or water main breaks.
- 4. Reduced supply main pressure on suction side of a booster pump.
B. BACKPRESSURE - Backpressure may cause backflow to occur where a potable water
system is connected to anon-potable system of piping, and the pressure in the non-potable
system exceeds that in the potable system. The principal causes of backpressure are:
1. Booster pump systems designed without backflow prevention devices.
2. Potable water connections to boilers and other pressure systems without backflow
prevention .devices.
w.
(2)
-~
3. Connections with another system which may, at times, have a higher pressure.
4. Water stored in tanks or plumbing systems which by virtue of their elevation would
create head sufficient to cause backflow if pressure were lowered in the public
system.
PART 2 -Responsibility
2.01 CROSS-CONNECTION PROGRAM
The responsibilities of the Cities' Cross-Connection Control Program in accord with State Law
Chapter 17-22 are as follows:
1. To protect the ~~-se~ti+i~e City of Atlantic Beach Public Water Supply from the
possibility of contamination by isolating within its consumers' private water systems,
contaminants or pollutants which could, under adverse conditions, backflow through
uncontrolled cross-connections into the public water system.
2. To eliminate or .control existing cross-connections, actual or potential, between the
consumer's in-plant potable water system(s) and non-potable water system(s) plumbing
fixtures, and industrial piping systems.
3. To provide a continuing inspection program of cross-connection control, which will
systematically and effectively control all actual or potential cross-connections which may be
installed in the future.
2.02 ~ CUSTOMERS
The customer's responsibility starts at the point of delivery from the public potable water system
and includes all of his water systems. The customer, at his own expense, shall install, operate, test
and maintain approved backflow prevention devices, as directed by the '
' ' ' ' CityofAtlantic Beach Water Distribution~Divisron The customershallmaintain
accurate records of tests and repairs made to backflow prevention devices and provide the ~Rfat~
`'~~ ~~~~~ ^~• •`~'~~ Wafer Distribution' DwrSiot~ with copies of such records. The records shall be on
forms approved or provided by the ' ' ` Water Distribution Division. In the
event of accidental pollution or contamination of the public or consumer's potable water system due
to backflow on or from customer's premises, the owner shall promptly take steps to confine further
spread of pollution or contamination within the customer's premises, and shall immediately notify
the Water;Distribut~oh.Div-sion of the hazardous condition.
2.03 BACKFLOW .PREVENTION DEVICE INSTALLERS
The installer's responsibility is to make proper installation of backflow prevention devices in
accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and any additional instructions
approved by the .. ' ' ' C-ty of Atlantic Beach, Public Works
Department. -~
Installer is also responsible to make sure a device is working properly when it is installed, and is
required to furnish the following information to the Cross-Connection Control Program immediately
after a reduced pressure principle backflow preventer (RP), double check valve assembly (DCVA)
or pressure vacuum breaker (PVB) is installed: 1) service address where device is located, 2)
owner, 3) description of device's location and size, 4} date of installation, 5) type of device, 6)
manufacturer, 7) model number, and 8) serial number. All RP, DCVA, and PVB are required to be
tested following installation by a certified backflow prevention device technician.
PART 3 -INSPECTIONS
3.01` FREQUENCY
Due to changes in models or components of equipment, methods of manufacturing and additions
to plants, buildings, etc:, water use requirements undergo continual change. As a result, new
cross-connections may be installed and existing protection may be by-passed, removed, or
otherwise ineffective; therefore, an annual or biennia! detailed inspection by the customer of all
water usage is required.
3.02 PROPOSED CONSTRUCTIONS
All new construction plans and specifications for industrial commercial facilities shall be reviewed
by the ' ' ' City of Atlantic Beach's .Public Works
Departrrient to determine the degree of possible cross-connections hazard. At this time, backflow
prevention requirements in accordance with this policy will be made.
3.03 NEW AND EXISTING FACILITIES
In order to determine the degree of hazard to the public potable water system, a survey will be
made of the consumer's presently installed water system. This survey need not be a detailed in-
spection of the location or disposition of the water lines, but can be confined to establishing the
water uses on the premises, the existence of cross-connections, and the availability of auxiliary or
used water supplies. On site inspections are made of new and existing facilities and should any
devices or plumbing changes be required, afollow-up inspection will be made of the same facilities
at a later date.
PART 4 - DEFINITIONS
AIR-GAP SEPARATION -The term air-gap separation shall mean a physical separation between
the free-flowing discharge end of a potable water supply pipeline and an open or non-pressure
receiving vessel. An approved air-gap separation shall be a distance of at least two (2) times the
diameter of the supply pipe measured vertically above the top rim of the vessel - with a minimum
distance of one (1) inch.
APPROVED: Accepted by the Utilities Plant Division
Director of the .Public Works Department as meeting an applicable specification of the Water
~~~ ~'~~~ ^ ~ ~~ Wafer Qist~~but~on Division and approved by the Department of Environmental
Regulation, State of Florida, or their designee.
E^,
(4)
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ATMOSPHERIC VACUUM BREAKER: An approved device consisting of a check valve and an
air inlet to relieve a vacuum. It shall effectively shut off the reverse flow of water when a negative
pressure exists on the supply side of the device.
AUXILIARY WATER SUPPLY: Any water supply on or available to the premises other than the
purveyor's approved public potable water supply. These auxiliary waters may include water from
a private nonpotable water supply or any~natural source(s) such as a well, spring, river, stream,
harbor, etc., or "used waters" or "industrial fluids". These waters maybe contaminated or they may
be objectionable, and constitute an unacceptable water source over which the water purveyor does
not have sanitary control.
BACKFLOW: The flow of water or other liquids, mixtures or substances under pressure into the
distribution pipes of a potable water supply system from any source or sources other than its
intended source.
BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICE: A backflow prevention device shall mean any effective
device, method or construction used to prevent backflow into a potable water system. The type
of device used should be based on the degree of hazard, either existing or potential.
BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICE -APPROVED: The term approved backflow prevention
device shall mean a device that has .met the requirements of one or more of the following
standards:
AWWA - C-506
ASSE - 1001
~,
ASSE - 1011
ASSE - 1020
ASSE - 1024
ASSE - 1013
ASSE - 1015
USC-F000
Standard for Backflow Prevention Devices, Reduced Pressure
Principle and Double Check Valve Types.
Atmospheric Type Vacuum Breakers
Hose Connection Vacuum Breakers
Pressure Type Vacuum Breakers
Dual Check Type Backflow Preventer (Residential Use Only)
Reduced Pressure Principle Back Pressure Backflow Preventers
Double Check Valve Type Back Pressure Backflow Preventers
University of Southern California Foundation for Cross-Connection
Control and Hydraulic Research
BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICE TECHNICIAN-CERTIFIED
The term certified .backflow prevention device technician shall mean a person who has proven his
competency to the satisfaction of the ~ City of Atlantic
Beach's Public Works Department. Each person who is certified to make competent tests or to
repair, overhaul and make reports on backflow prevention devices shall be conversant with
applicable laws, rules and regulations and shall have attended and successfully completed the
TREEO (Training, Resea_ rch, and Education for Environmental Occupations) Certification Program
for Backflow Prevention Device Testers-at the University of Florida, or other acceptable programs
to the ~ Public Works"Department. Due to frequent occupancy change,'a
minimum commercialservtce requirement of Reduced Pressure,f~as been, implemented.
(5)
BACKSIPHONAGE: The flow of water or other liquids, mixtures or substances into the distributing
pipes of a potable water supply system from any source other than its intended source caused by
the reduction of pressure in the potable water system.
BACKPRESSURE: Backpressure shall mean any elevation of pressure in the downstream piping
system (by pump, elevation of piping, or steam and/or air pressure) above the supply pressure at
the point of consideration which would cause or tend to cause, a reversal of the normal flow:
' p1VfSION DIRE"CTOR, WATER: DISTRIBUTION DIVISt~ON: `The ~Divi"sion
Director of the Water Distribution Division of the .City of Atlantic Beach is invested with the authority _
and responsibility for the implementation of an effective cross-connection program and for the
enforcement of the provisions of this policy.
CONTAMINATION: An impairment of the quality of the potable water by any solid, liquid, or
gaseous compounds or mixtures to a degree which would create an imminent danger to the public
health, or would create an unacceptable taste, odor or color to the potable water.
CROSS-CONNECTION: Any physical connection or arrangement of piping or fixtures between
two otherwise separate piping systems, one of which contains potable water and the other non-
potable water or industrial fluids of questionable safety, through which, or because of which,
backflow or backsiphonage may occur into the potable water system. A water service connection
between a public potable water distribution system and a customer's water distribution system
which is cross-connected to a contaminated fixture, industrial fluid system or with potentially
contaminated supply or auxiliary water system, constitutes one type of cross-connection. Other
types of cross-connections include connectors such as swing connections, removable sections,
four-way plug valves, spools, dummy sections of pipe, swivel or changeover devices, sliding
multipart tube, solid connections, etc.
DOUBLE CHECK VALVE ASSEMBLY: An assembly composed of two single, independently
acting, check valves, including tightly closing shut-off valves located at each end of the assembly.
*A valve that is drip-tight in the normal direction of flow when the inlet pressure is one p.s.i. and the
outlet pressure is zero. The check valve shall permit no leakage in a direction reverse to the
normal flow. The closure element (e.g., clapper) sha(I be internally weighted or otherwise internally
loaded to promote rapid and positive closure and suitable connections for testing the watertightness
of each check valve.
HAZARD-DEGREE OF: The term degree of hazard is a qualification of what potential and actual
harm may result from cross-connections within a water using facility. Establishing the degree of
hazard is directly related to the type and toxicity of contaminates that could feasiblely enter the
public water supply system and is determined by the ~"'~`~~ °~~ ' ~ ^' ' ' Water Distribution
,_, _.
Division.
HAZARD-HEALTH: The term health .hazard shall mean an actual or potential threat of con-
tamination or pollution of a physical or toxic nature to the public potable water system or the
consumer's potable water system to such a degree or intensity that there would be a danger to
health.
(6)
INDUSTRIAL PIPING SYSTEM -CONSUMER'S: The term consumer's industrial piping system
shall mean any system used by the consumer for transmission of or to store any fluid, solid or
gaseous substance other than an approved water supply. Such a system would include all pipes,
conduits, tanks, receptacles, fixtures, equipment and appurtenances to produce, convey or store
substances which are or may be polluted or contaminated.
REDUCED PRESSURE BACKFLOW PREVENTER: A device containing within its structure a
minimum of two independently acting, approved check valves, together with an automatically
operating pressure differential relief valve located between the two check valves. The first check
valve reduces the supply pressure a predetermined amount so that during normal flow and at
cesgation of normal flow the pressure between the check valves shall be less than the supply
pressure. In case of leakage of either check valve, the differential relief valve, by discharging to
atmosphere, shall operate to maintain the pressure between, the check valves less than the supply
pressure. The unit shall include tightly closing shut-off valves located at each end of the device,
and each device shall be fitted with properly located test cocks.
VACUUM BREAKER -PRESSURE TYPE: A pressure vacuum breaker is similar to an at-
mosphericvacuum breaker except that the checking unit "poppet valve" is activated by a spring.
This type of vacuum breaker does not require a negative pressure to react and can be used on a
pressure side of a valve.
WATER PURVEYOR: The term water purveyor shall mean the owner or operator of the public
potable water system supplying an approved water supply to the public. The utility shall be one
that is operating under a valid permit from the Department of Environmental Regulation. As used
herein the terms water purveyor and City's ' ' ' Water Distribution Division may
be used synonymously. _ , _ ,
WATER SYSTEM -CUSTOMER'S: The term customer's water system shall include any water
system located on the consumer's premises, whether supplied by a public potable water system
or an auxiliary water supply. The system or systems may be either a potable water system or an
industrial piping system.
WATER-USED: Any water supplied by a Water Purveyor from a public potable water system to
a customer's water system after it has passed through the point of delivery and is no longer under
the sanitary control of the Water Purveyor.
PART 5 -Cross-Connection Hazards and Required Protections
5.01 FACILITIES
TYPE OF BACKFLOW PROTECTION REQUIRED: An approved backflow prevention device of
the type designated shall be installed on each water service connection to the following types of
facilities. This list is presented as a guideline and should not be construed as being complete.
Abbreviations used are as follows:
A.G. -Air-Gap Separation
R.P. - Reducetl Pressure Principle Backflow Preventer
D.C.V.A. -Double Check Valve Assembly
P.V.B. - Pressure Vacuum Breaker
A.V.B. -Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker
(7)
TYPE OF FACILITY
~~
MINIMUM TYPE OF PROTECTION
Breweries, Distilleries, Boftling Plants
Car Wash with recycling system and/or Wax Eductor
Chemical Plants
Dairies_
Dentist Office
Fertilizer Plants
Film Laboratory or Processing Plant
Food or Beverage Plant
Hospitals, Clinics, Medical Buildings
Irrigation Systems
Laboratories
Laundries & Dry Cleaning Plants ,
Machine Tool Plants (Heaith or System Hazard)
Machine Tool Plants (Pollutional Hazard)
Metal Processing Plant (Health or System Hazard)
Metal Processing Plant (Pollutional Hazard)
Metal Plating Plant
Morgues or Mortuaries
Nursing Homes
Packing Houses or Rendering Plants
Paper Products Plant
Pesticides (Exterminating Companies)
Petroleum Processing Plant
Petroleum Storage Yard (Health or System Hazard)
Petroleum Storage Yard (Pollutional Hazard)
Pharmaceutical or Cosmetic Plant
Piers, Docks or Waterfront Facilities
,power Plants
Radioactive Material Plants
Restaurants with Soap Eductors and/or Industrial Type Disposal
Sand and Gravel Plants
Schools with Laboratories
Swimming Pools with Piped Fill Line
Sewage Treatment Plants
Sewage Pumping Stations
Tall Buildings over three stories
- Veterinary Establishments
D.C.V.A.
R.P.
R.P.
O.C.V.A.
R.P.
R.P.
R.P.
D.C.V.A.
* R.P. (Parallel)
D.C.V.A.or P.V.B.
R.P.
D.C.V.A .
*'` R.P.
** R.P.
R.P.
R.P.
R.P.
R.P.
R. P.
*** P.V.B. Overhead fill
R.P.
** R.P.
R.P.
R.P.
R.P.
R.P.
R.P.
D.C.V.A.
A.V.B.
A.G. at pool
R.P.
P.V.B.
* R.P.
R.P.
- In addition to and including those types of facilities listed above, an approved backflow prevention
device of the type designated shall be installed on each domestic water service connection to any
premises containing the following real or potential hazards.
MINIMUM TYPE OF PROTECTION
Premises having an auxiliary water system not connected to public R.P.
....water system
Premises having a water storage tank, reservoir, pond, or similar R.P.
appurtenance
Premises having a steam boiler, cooling system, or hot water heating R.P.
system where chemical water conditioners are used
Premises having submerged inlets to equipment R.P.
($)
.~
Premises having self-draining yard hydrants, fountains, hose boxes of R.P.
similar devices presenting a health or system hazard. (i.e., chemical
storage plants, tank farms, bulk storage yards)
Premises having self-draining yard hydrants, fountains, hose boxes or D.C.V.A.
similar devices presenting a pollutional hazard. (i.e., parks, play
fields, cemeteries)
Others specified by the Water Distribution Division
* INSTALLATIONS REQUIRING CONTINUOUS SERVICE: PARALLEL INSTALLATION
All backflow prevention devices with test cocks are required to be tested with a minimum frequency
of once per year. Testing requires a water shutdown usually lasting five (5) to finrenty {20) minutes:.
For facilities that require an uninterrupted supply of water, and when it is not possible to provide
water service from two separate meters, provisions shall be made fora "paralleC installation" of
backflow prevention devices.
Multi-story buildings which have a number of flushometer toilets should be equipped with parade!
devices. Experience has shown if the water supply is shut off to this type of building, flushometers
may have to be manually reset.
During testing one device is left on while the other is being tested. Usually the two devices are
sized one device size smaller than the service line, e.g. one 2 inch device or two 1-1/2 inch
devices, one 8 inch device or two 6 inch devices.
The'"'~'~~ °~~~~~~~ ^~~•~~~~~ Wafe~~Distnbution~Division will not accept an unprotected bypass
around a backflow preventer when the device is in geed of testing, repair or replacement.
` .,
** HEALTH HAZARD; SYSTEM HAZARD; POLLUTIONAL HAZARD
"Health hazard" means any condition, device, or practice in a water system or its operation that
creates, or may create, a danger to the health and well-being of users. The word "severe" as used
to qualify "health hazard" means a hazard to the health of the user that could reasonably be
expected to result in significant morbidity or death. "System hazard" means a condition posing an
actual or potential threat of damage to the physical properties of the public water system or a
potable consumer's water system. "Pollutional hazard" means a condition through which an
aesthetically objectionable or degrading material not dangerous to health may enter the public
water system or a potable consumer's water system.
***EXTERMINATING COMPANIES
All tanks, tank trucks, and spraying. apparatus used to convey pesticides in an exterminating
process are required to use only designated-protected potable water fill locations. Filling with
potable water at unspecified locations or private residences is prohibited. All filling locations will
consist of over-head piping arrangements with correctly installed pressure vacuum breakers. If,
for any reason, an overhead piping arrangement cannot be used, a reduce pressure zone backflow
preventer must be installed on the fill line. All filling locations must be approved by the tee
~,.~.:~~,. ^~~•~~~~~ Water Distribution Divisiort.
{9)
..~
` NOTE: Any device, equipment or situation not covered by this cross-connection policy where water
is connected or used, which may constitute a potential health hazard, will be handled at the
discretion of the water purveyor or his authorized agent.
5.02 -Fire Systems
TYPE OF BACKFLOW PROTECTION REQUIRED -FIRE PROTECTION SERVICES
An approved backflow prevention device of the type designated shall be installed on each fire
protection service to any premises where the fire protection system contains any of the following
components unless the Water Distribution Division determines that no real or potential health,
pollutional, or system hazard to the public water system exists. Fire systems may be divided into. ,_
six (6) general classes. The following are typical:
MINIMUM TYPE OF
PROTECTION
CLASS 1 a closed automatic fire system without pumper
connection, i.e., a system having 20 heads or less;
CLASS 2 a closed automatic fire system with pumper connection;
CLASS 3 a closed automatic fire system with pumper connection
and an auxiliary water supply on or available to the
premises; or an auxiliary water supply which may be
located within 1700 feet of the pumper connection;
CLASS 4 a closed automatic fire system with a closed pressure
tank supply (this class may have a jockey pump
interconnected with the domestic water supply and/or
an air compressor connection); '
CLASS 5 a closed automatic sprinkler system interconnected
with an auxiliary water supply;
CLASS 6 fire system used for the combined purposes of supplying
the automatic sprinklers, hose lines, fire hydrants and
standpipes and of being used for industrial purposes.
(A) Self-Draining Fire Hydrants on premises presenting
a health or system hazard (i.e., Chemical Plants,
Petroleum Storage Plants, Bulk Storage Yards, Stock Yards,
Sewer Plants, or similar facilities where ground seepage of
toxic materials may occur.
(B) Self-Draining Fire Hydrants on premises presenting a
pollutional hazard (i.e., Apartment House, Office Complex,
Fabricating Plants, or similar facilities where ground seepage
of pollutional but not toxic materials may occur.
5.03 OTHER CROSS-CONNECTION HAZARDS
1
NONE
D.C.V.A.
R.P.
R.P.
R.P.
R.P.
R.P.
D.C.V.A.
FIXTURE INLETS OR VALVED OUTLETS with hose attachments, which may constitute a
cross-connection, shall be protected by the proper approved vacuum breaker (AVB, HBVB,
etc.) installed at least six (6) inches above the highest point of usage and located on the
discharge side of the last valve. Fixtures with integral vacuum breaker manufactured as a
unit may be installed in accordance with their approved requirements.
(10)
.. .~
2. AIR CONDITION COOLING TOWER -Potable water inlet shall have an AG separation of
twice the inside diameter of the inlet line or a minimum of two inches above the flood level
rim.
3. ASPIRATORS AND EJECTORS -Shall have an AVB or PVB, depending upon the degree
of hazard, on the faucet from which these devices are attached or operated.
4. BOOSTER PUMPS -All .booster pumps shall be provided with a low pressure cut-off unless
other acceptable provisions are made to prevent the creation of low or negative pressures
in the piping system.
5. PRIVATE WELLS -Shall not be interconnected unless the public supply is protected by an
R.P. at the service connection, and approval is'given by the '
' ~~ ^°• •'~'~•~.Clfilify Punt Dwision Director of the Water` Distribution .Division.
6. PORTABLE SPRAY AND CLEANING EQUIPMENT- Any portable pressure spray or clean-
ing units that have the capability of connecting to any potable water supply and do not
contain abuilt-in approved air-gap, should be fitted with a reduced pressure backflow device
or double check valve assembly depending on the degree of hazard.
7. MISCELLANEOUS USES OF WATER FROM FIRE HYDRANTS -The operation of fire
hydrants by other than authorized personnel is prohibited. The department may permit the
use of water from a fire hydrant for construction or other purposes provided the applicant
shall properly apply for, and adhere to backflow requirements on hydrant permit.
NOTE: Any device, equipment, or situation not covered by this cross-connection policy, which may
constitute a potential health hazard, will be examined for appropriate treatment by the Water
Distribution Division or authorized agent.
' 5.04 Backflow Prevention Devices (Illustrated) •-~
AG -Approved Air-gap
• good for toxic and non-toxic
substances 2 Ttmea
• good against backpressure ~ plameter
and backsiphonage Flood Htm
• a distance of 2-times the
diameter of supply pipe, never
less than a 1' gap
• best protection against Overflow
backfiow provided it is
installed properly and not
circumvented ~~ l.tr~
• ANS1 Standard No. At12.1.2 -~ From Coatirsq JaCScet
Eic.
--- Funnel
y .. ~~ ~Fioor Drain
AVB -Approved
Atmospheric Vacuum
Breaker Disc has high
' heat and water
• good Sqr rnosf toxic and an hammer shock
non-toxic substances re5lStanCe
• good for backsiphonage ONLY
• no control valves on discharge
side of device
• minimum of 6" betwebn base
df device and highest outlet No Valves
• no more than i2 hours Downstream
continuous service in a day
• sizes available: '/.' - 3
• ASSE Standard No. 1001
Atr
Inlet
- Dry Guide
out of the
l i q u i d
. -.. pressure area
- Full Size Orifice ~~~-
assures pipe size - - ~'~
capacity -
Base of devtca
may he considered
"crlilcal level" li not
otherwise specified
Disc Float
durable and lightweight,
closes vent with
minimum flow
i
t
....
1
~~
~' I
(12)
Air Chamber
PVB -Approved Pressure
Vacuum Breaker
• good for toxic and nontoxic Bonnet Seat ~\L
substances '
• good for backsiphonage ONLY
• can be installed under
continuous pressure tvalves lest Cock II
No 2 lO
downstream)
• Minimum of 12' between base
of device and highest outlet
~ must be tested annually
'
'
"
"
Cikck Vaire ~`
/:
(2
-
• 2
• sizes available: '/:
10' not normally used)
• ASSE Standard No. 1020
Test Cock
•
No. 1 u O
U--
Hood Screws
Gate Valve No. 1 ~ ,..~~Q~
-,
Hood
~~,~...---- Bonnet
Veni Disc
~I Disc (Holder) Float
Body
Check Valve Oisc
~ Gate Valve
r\~,ni ~No.2
Check Valve Seat
-~•
~,
it '
HBVB -Approved Hose
Bibb Vacuum Breaker
• to be installed on all hose
threaded faucets
• good against backsiphonage
and VERY t_OW backpressure
• not to be subject continuous
pressure
•' ho more than 12 hours
continuous service in a day
• sizes: '/."
• ASSE Standard No. 1011
Non-removeabie
type have coif
or breakable
set screw.
With loss of water supply, disc
(1) seals tightly against
diaphragm (2) preventing back-
siphonage or backflow of water
and opens atmospheric vents (3)
(13)
DCVA -Approved Double
Check Valve Assembly
• good for non-toxic substances
such as steam, air, food,
beverages
• good against backslphonage
and backpressure
• installed minimum of 12"
above ground or flood level
• must be tested annually
• sizes availabel: I/~' • 10"
• ASSE StarFdard No. 1015 or
AWWA Standard CSO6-78
-.
rr?~ -- N4 Test
~- ~ !t3 Test
~1 ~ r•,...a, c- Cock
'
tf1 Gate -~ ~ ~
Valve ~~~
r - ~-
r
li
Direction ~
~ I ~ ~
o
I
w
of Fl
, i t,
lEl Tes! I
r
Cock L i ~`'~
M2Test ~ N1 Check- ~~
Cock Valve
~_
~_~
i
~7 I
-M2 Check L lt2 Gate
Valve Valve
J
1
-1
v
~+
~s++~,, ~
t` 'i
r
RP -Approved Reduced
Pressure Principle Backflow
Preventer
• good for toxic and non-toxic -, M3 Test M4 Tesi "^'
substances ~.,; ; ~ ^ Cock Cock r= I . =I .
• good against backsiphonage r ~ ~ - ~ -=-=,
and backpressure ~ ~' •"'~ ~ ~ :1~ ~ fir' ~`'
• installed minimum of 12" ~ .rl:.-: cni ~ t •• :~ ~1 _~~ ~ •
above ground'or flood level N1 Gate ` ~ ~ '' ~ r ~ ,
• must be tested annuaNy Valve r l~i~ ~I~I~url I ;z ~ y ~`-~~~ ~;~-
• sizes available: '!,' - t0' - ` t I y~ .*_'
• ASSE Standard No. 1013 or ~ ~ I-~•"'~'" . ~ ~ ~ `~ a
Direction ~~ 1 ~ ~~ ~~ )~; ~ I ~- r 5 F
~...
AYVWA Standard CSO6-78 f ~l ~„ ~ .-, , r•~ .-~~ •.i i
~ l:, 'r S
of Flow ~~* ~ ~ Uri i
'~ 1 ` ~ ,
tt1 Test i ~ ~ •~' ~ i
Cock ; •f
N2 Test 81 Check ~~'~! , M2 Check ~-M2 Gaie
Cock Valve ~; ~~~ _ Valve Valve :-
~;
Pressure
DHterentlat 5'
' _ _ Rellei Valve
(14)
. ..
Dual Check Valves
• ASSE Standard No. 1024 suited particularly for installations
immediately downstream }rom residential water meters where poten- '
tial poilutanis trom residences could enter the water mains.
(APPROVED FOR RESIUENT(AL USE ONLI~
,r
5.05 TYPICAL INSTALLATIONS {ILLUSTRATED)
Airgap Separation
Butierily To Chemical Process
Valve ar other Nonpotabte
-, } Use Fixture
~'-~ _ Flood Level Rlm Il
Potable 1Nater' ~ D~f
Min.2}Diameters /
I I
~.
r r •r
Surge tank and boozier pump.
(15)
"O" Ring 1st Check "O" R(ng 2nd Check
Union Seai Module Union Seal Module
' Pressure Vacuum Breaker
The pressure vacuum breaker
cannot be installed where
there can be backpressure
only where there can be
backsiphonage. The pressure
vacuum breaker can have
shut-off valves downstream
of the device. The PVB must
be installed at least 12' above
the highest outlet or, if it is
feeding an open tank, at least
12' above the highest
overflow rim of the tank. The
following figure shows a
typical installation on a
sprinkter system.
Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker
Just as the pressure vacuum
breaker, the atmospheric
vacuum breaker cannot be
installed where there can be
backpressure, only where
there can be backsiphonage.
The atmospheric vacuum
breaker cannot have any
shut-off valves downstream
of it. It also must be installed
at least 6' above the highest
outlet or the topmost overflow
rim.of anon-pressure tank.
The following illustration
shows the AV8 on a sprinkler
system.
..~
V f~
12' Minimum Above
the Highest Outlet
1~
I Hosa Bib
II
- Fiov+ .
Nota: Unit Cannot Hare Any
Shut-Ott Downstream oflt.
~,
&' Minimum Above
Highest Outlet
'1
'• ~ ( ..
Flow ~' ''
DUAL .CHECK
BACKFLOW PREVEN~'ER
Meter Box lnstaJlatian
Curb
,-_~~:;i:. Valve
..............., w.~..J~
(FOR RESIDENTIAL USE ONLI~
Y
_.
':: U
O
:=;: U
DUAL CHECK 'S
I < °
: `
Shut-ott Valve ~ ~To Residence
'' ;. Meter Box
'• ~~ '`
(lb)
r'
L~
f'
HOSE B1BB VACUU~11 BREAKER ~~
!a
SEAVlCE SiNKiFAUCET
WITH HOSE THREADS
HOSE BfBB VACUUM .
BREAKER
TYPICAL INSTALLATION ON SERVICE SINKS, LAUNDRY
TUBS, DEVELOPING TANKS AND 1NASHING MACHINES.
~"".~ ,
HOSE BIBS VACUUM
HOSE 8188 VACUUM BREAKER
• BREAKER
//
' -- _ OUTSIDE YARD S?IGOT
• •` ~' ~ • ~ .~ ~ / •' WITH HOSE 1N POLLUTED
-•~} ,
~.~... ~ -l ~ PUDDLE
,~ .. a -
_. _ ~f~
v J• ~_~
_ TYPICAL INSTALLATION ON SILL COCKS, HOSE BIBBS, YARD
HYDRANTS, SWIMMING POOLS, WASH RACKS AND ETHER
FAUCETS WITH GARDEN HOSES.
(i~)
DOUBLE CHECK VALVE ASSEMBLY
TYPICAL INSTALLATION
I
L
ABOVE GROUND
SHUT OFF VALVES
GRADE
~ 1
a '
12" MINIMUM ~ ~ FLOW O ~ FLOW O O O 3` DRAIN
DISTANCE (NOMINAL ,
• --
_ SIZE OF
DEVICE) --'
l ~
y FINISH GRAD''
. ,. a
., ~ ~
o
_ ° ~i
I
MODIFIED PIT _
(1F ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY)
(ia)
~• REDUCED PRESSURE PRINCIPLE
-• ~ BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVISE
TYPICAL INSTALLATION
- SHUT OFF VALVES
..
~`
FLOW
b 6 ~
•. ~ ~ ~ RELIEF VALVE
Y•TYPE DISCHARGE
STRAINER
(OPTIONAL) 12'+ PIPE DIAMETER
FiNiSH GRADE (MINIMUM DISTANCE)
~I~i 1:/~r }I ~(•~!i f.•..••t~f~ ~.: ~ ~ r'.~r~1 !j'~. 1 l~!':~~ ~ 1 ,,~ 'i.,; /: r pit ~ ~ .~:,:1'i~.''~'~,~ - ~f, I •1
I ~-J
1
i
1
4
_ i
l F
~ t
_. ' ••! a
1 ~
'~
~ • •
DRAtN
(NOMINAL
`! ,. SIZE OF
DEVICE)
ABOVE GROUND
• SHUT OFF VALVES
(VALVES TURNED ON SIDE}
^~ FLOW
{ JOt ! L3 ~ ~ ~p~
BELIE= VALVE
~- DISCHARGE
Y•TYPE
STRAINER
(OPTIONAL) 12'+ PIPE DIAMETER
(MINIMUM DISTANCE)
MODIFIED P!T
(IF ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY)
(19)
a,.
~ ,
•~
• ~ //,
f%
~ '~
i
A `
T
12" MIN.
FiNlSN
GRADE
MAlt+i
INDOORS
(lF ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY}
w
__
~.
1~` ~~c ~=
PARALLEL INSTALLATION
Where continuous flow may be required even
during times of servicing or testing, or where
greater capacity than a single unit may be
necessary, then two units connected In parallel
are recommended. '
~RrFR
r-,
~~ ti
(ZO)
METER
_2
a
i
i
i
,~
NOTE: Single check valves will not be accepted as a means to protect the potability of drinking
water and therefore may only be used to prevent backflow which would effect the functioning of a
.plumbing system, such as to prevent recirculation of potable hot water. Where single check valves
are improperly used, they will be required to be replaced by an appropriate approved backflow
prevention device.
VACUUM BREAKERS (vacuum relief valves) designed to prevent collapse or implosion of a steam-
heated pressure vessel when being cooled are not acceptable devices for protection against
backflow in potable water lines.
PART 6 -Testing of Backflow Preventers
It shall be the duty of the customer-user at any premises where reduce pressure backflow
prevention devices (RP), double check valve assemblies (DCVA), and pressure vacuum breakers
(PVB) are installed to have thorough inspections and operational tests made at least once a year
or more often in those instances where inspections indicate a need. These inspections and tests
shall be at the expense of the water user and be performed by the device manufacturer's
representative, by Water Distribution Division personnel, or by a certified device technician. The
water purveyor will notify the customer-user when tests are required and supply the necessary test
forms and instructions. These forms will be completed and returned to the water purveyor by the
date indicated.
PART 7 -Penalties for Non-Compliance
7.01 TERMINATION OF SERVICE
A written notification detailing all cross-connections found during the inspection will be sent to the
owner or authorized agent of the owner of the building or premises, stating that corrections must
be made and setting a reasonable time for compliance. Upon failure of the owner or authorized
agent of the owner of the building or premises to have the defect(s) corrected by the specified time
the water purveyor shall cause the water service to the building or premises to be terminated. The
water purveyor shall cause discontinuance of water service if a required backflow prevention device
has been bypassed or failed to be tested or properly maintained as required by this policy
statement. The water purveyor shall also cause discontinuance of water service if an air-gap
separation system is compromised.
7.02 MONETARY PENALTIES _
Violations of this policy, ;if not corrected after due notice, will`be referred to the Code`Enforcement
:. :.
Board of the Ci of Atlantic Beach. Under Florida State Statute 162.09, the Code'Enforcemenf
tY... o _k ..~
Board„may Impose fnes,of up to $250.00. per,day for a first violation and $500.00 per da
yfora
repeat violation.
(21)
,~
PART 8 -Pertinent Secfions of Local Codes
Sec. 2-146.. Jurisdiction.
(a) The' code enforcement board shall have the jurisdiction and authority to hear and
decide alleged violations of the following:
(1) City of Atlantic Beach Code of Ordinances;
(2) Building codes, as adopted by the city;
(3) Standard Housing Code, as adopted by the city;
(4) State of Florida Health Code; '
(5) Florida State Statutes; and
(6) State, county and local laws and ordinances whose intent is to promote the health,
welfare and safety of the citizens of the city.
(b) The jurisdiction of the code enforcement board shall not be exclusive. Any alleged
violation of any of the provisions in subsection (a) may be pursued by appropriate remedy in
court at the option of the administrative official whose responsibility it is to enforce that
respective code or ordinance.
(Ord.. I\TO. 95-80-21, § 3, 12-8-80; Ord. No. 95-85-26,.2-25-85; Ord. No. 5-96-27, § 1, 3-25-96)
State law reference-=-lntent, F.S. § 162.02.
Sec. 2-147. Pracedure; hearings.
Enforcement procedure and conduct of hearings shall be as set forth in F Iorida Statutes
Sections 162.06 and 162.07.
(Ord. No. 95-80-21, § 4, 12-8-80; Ord. No. 5-96-27, § 1, 3-25-96)
Sec. 2-148. Powers.
_ The code enforcement board shall have the powers as set forth in Florida Statutes Section
162.08. --
(Ord. No. 95-80-21, § 5, 12-8-80; Ord. No. 5-96-27, § 1, 3-25-96)
Sec. 2-149. Penalties; lien.
Penalties and liens shall be as set forth in Florida Statutes Section 162.G9.
(Ord. No. 95-80-21, § 6, 12-8-80; Ord. No. 95-85-26, 2-25-85; Ord. No. 5-96-27, § 1, 3-25-96)
(22)
.~
Sec. 22-32. Connection of private water systems to city system prohibited.
No person shall interconnect a privately owned water system to the city's water system.
(Code 1970, § 27-16)
Sec. 22-33. Prohibited acts.
No person shall connect or turn on any water service or tap or make any alteration to any
main or distribution pipe of the city's water system or in any way interfere with or molest any
of the wells, reservoirs, basins or water in the same, or permit any connection or tapping to be
made to the city's water system on his premises or the premises occupied by him or knowingly
use city water from unauthorized connections.
(Code 1970, § 27-17) .'
_.
Sec. 22-42. Definitions.
Cross connection means any physical arrangement whereby a public water supply is
connected, directly or indirectly, with any other water supply system, sewer, drain, lawn
sprinkler, conduit, pool, storage reservoir, plumbing fixtures, appliances, or other devices
which contain or may contain contaminated water, sewage or other waste or liquid of unknown
or unsafe quality which maybe capable of imparting contamination to the public water supply
as the result of backflow. Bypass arrangements, jumper connections, removable sections,
swivel or changeable devices and other temporary or permanent devices through which or
because of which backflow could occur are considered to be cross connections.
(Ord. No. 80-92-50, § 1, 10-12-92)
Sec. 2.43. Cross connections; backflow devices.
(a) No consumer of water from the city water system shall have a cross connection or
potential cross connection either inside or outside of any building or buildings without a
backflow prevention device being installed to prevent any and all backflow.
(b) Only the following are considered to be backflow prevention devices and shall be
installed in agreement with and under supervision of the supplier of water or his designated
representative:
(1) Air gap separation. A physical separation between the free-flowing discharge end of a
potable water supply pipeline and an open or nonpressure receiving vessel. This gap
must be at least double the diameter of the supply pipe. measuresd vertically above
the rim of the vessel and in no care less than one (I) inch.
(2) Reduced pressure back flow preventer. A device containing within its structure a min-
imum of two (2) independently acting, approved check valves, with an automatically
operating pressure differential relief valve located between the two (2) check valves
that will discharge to the atmosphere if the check valves should fail. This unii shall
include tightly closed shut-off valves located at each end of the device and each device
shall be f tted with properly Iocated test cocks.
(23)
-.
~~.
(3) Atmospheric vacuum breaker. This device is operated by atmospheric pressure in
combination with the force of gravity. The unit is designed to work on a vertical plane
only. The one moving part consists of a poppet valve which must be carefully sized to
the slide in a guided chamber and effectively shut off the reverse flow of water when
there is a negative pressure.
(4) Pressure vacuum breaker. This. device is similar to an atmospheric vacuum breaker,
eYCept that the checking unit "poppet valve" is activated by a spring and does not
require a negative pressure to react.
(5) Double check-valve assembly. An assembly composed of two (2) single, independently
acting drip-tight check valves, including tightly closing shut-off valves at each end
and suitable connections for testing the water tightness of esch check valve.
(c) The city or its representatives with proper identification may enter at any time inside
or outside of any building or buildings far the purpose of checking for cross connections. If a
cross connection or potential cross connection is found, the city shall have the right to discon-
tinue water services until the problem has been corrected by elimination or until a proper
backflow prevention device has been installed. AlI backflow prevention devices will be checked
.periodically by a city representative to insure proper operation.
(d) These provisions relative to a cross connection have been established for the protection
of all the inhabitants of the city and to comply with Chapter 17-22.107(4), Florida Adminis-
.,
trative Code.
(e) All water services and plumbing fixtures shall conform to the latest edition of the City
of Atlantic Beach Cross Connection Control. Policy Manual.
(Ord. No. 80-92-50, § 1, 10-12-92)
Secs. 22-44-22-55. Reserved.
(24)
,..
REFERENCES
"",
"Accepted Procedure and Practice in Cross-Connection Control," Pacific Northwest Sec-
tion, AWWA, 1973.
Cincinnati Water Works -Division L-Cross-Connection Control and Water Quality Protec-
t tion, Cincinnati, Ohio, November 18, 1974.
"Cross-Connections and Backflow Prevention," A1~VWA, 1974
"Cross-Connection Control Manual," Division of Sanitary Engineering, Tennessee Depart-
ment of Public Health, 1975.
Cross-Connection Control Manual, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington,
D.C., 1973.
"Manual of Cross-Connection Control," Foundation for Cross-Connection Control and
Hydraulic Research, University of Southern California, 1979.
"Manual of Cross-Connection Control Policies" Tampa Water Department, Tampa,
FIorida, June 1981.
Public Law 93-523, "Safe Drinking Water Act," Dec. 16, 1974.
~,"""^
k- `Recommended Practice for Backflow Prevention and Gross-Connection ControI," AWWA
Manual M I4, 1966.
"Rules of the Department of Environmental Regulation, Chapter 17-22,"State of Florida,
Department of Environmental Regulation, "Water Supplies ".
Rules of the Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, Division of Health, Chapter
lOD-9, Plumbing, and Chapter lOD-4, Water Systems, State of Florida.
(25)