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I:iiowledge based competencj:
Not all arborictllnual firms'have Certified Arborists on their
staff. `Yjhen choosing a tree care firm, check the classified
pages for those companies that emplo}~ arborists who are.,
certified. Do not Hesitate to ask an}• prospective arborist
to see their International Societ}• of Arboriculture (ISA)
Certification Identification Card.
For additional information, contact }•o>.Ir local Cooperative
E.titension Office, State Urban Forestr}~ Dep~lrtment, ISA
Chapter, or the ISA Certification Office at (217) ~~3-911.
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IIYTERnATIOCiAL SOCIETY
oF.~RB~RICULTUR~
Early Piety
CERTIFIED gR~ORIST
"SPEClALlZli1G !P! '
07AGNOSl~1G TREE DISEASE"
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~~y 5960 Phillips High:vay
Jacksonville, Florida 32216
(904)733-4455
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by do I need a Certified Arboristi
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Certified Arborists are tree care special-
ists dedicated to excellence in the ,field
of Arboriculture. Tl1e}'are lliglll}' qualified
ui the care of }•ottr valt~zble trees and sllnibs
njitll knowledge of the most up-to-date
acl~•ances, and proven age-old tecluliques.
Certified Arborists are ~videl}• recog-
nized professionals. T11e}' are educated
and trained u1:
• Diagnosis anti treatment of}'our tree and shrub related
problems.
• Proper pruning and management techniques for }'our
~•aluabie trees anti shrubs.
• tlnclerstatlcling tree biolog}:
• Ictentify~itlg atlcl selectutg the appropriate trees ~tnd shrubs
~r}'our landscape.
• l,istallation :tncl establis11n1et1t of trees ai1c1 shrubs to
rtlhance }~oltr landscape.
• tiilclerstallcling the clelieate soil and water relationships
1~•11ic11 affect tree .tncl shrub health.
• i\utritiotl requirements and fertil-
ization tedlniclues to keep }•our
trees and shrubs in peak form.
• Recognizin} certain tree hazards
and construction damage.
To maintain and beautify' the Rrorld around us, residentir
Propert}; commercial property; or the toR•n }•ou li~•e in,
Certified Arborists are there to help }•ott.
To qualif}• as a Certified Arborist, an experienced tree ca;
professional must pass at1 extetlsiti•e exanluzation develope
b}• an international panel of experts in the industr}' anti
academia. T11e International Socien• of Arboriculture mall
twins this volulltar}• certification progr:illi.
The educational program does not stop ~•itll testing.
A Certified Arborist must keep abreast of ne~v tec11t1o1o
b}• attending seminars a11d rerie«-ing the latest puUlicatio~
to obtain necessar}• continuing education crrclits.~
In toda}•'s frtgile environilieilt, aCertified Arborist cap
111a111ta1i1 }•Otir lallclsCal)e alld help yOll preser,•e the aesthe
and ecological ~•alue of }•our trees :tnci shrubs. P
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Early Piety
CERTIFIED ARBORIST
t
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY.
OF ARBORCULTURE
TREE PROTECTION OUTLINE
FOR BUILDERS and DEVELOPERS
Site Clearing
Establish chain link fence barricade around areas to be selectively cleared.
x Use apre-qualified contractor.
'~` Use small rubber tired vehicles (bobcats) for selective clearing.
Identify exceptional trees for extra-ordinary protection.
Building Construction
Identify storage and staging areas.
''` Determine footer design.
Control site access for heavy equipment.
Certified Arborist makes regular site visits.
Utilities-Trenches
'' Route trenches outside the drip line area as far away from root systems as possible.
Includes water, electrical and storm drainage.
Site Grading and Paving
'~` Minimize earthwork - no grade changes under drip line.
~' No curb and gutter -pave on top of existing grade. .
x Porous concrete near trees.
Landscaping
Strategic timing on pruning and fertilization.
Specification provides for irrigation during construction.
No irrigation installations under tree line.
Large mulch beds under trees.
"Specializing !n Diagnosing Tree Disease" - •
5960 Phillips Highway Jacksonville, Florida 32216 (904) 733-4455••
• ~~rNF?P.EidGVAI •;!GBTtII;lG PRGSEG11Gn""--
.Root Preservation for Builders and Developers
By J.D. Early Piety Specailty Tree Surgeons
Certified Arborist SO # 0584
• The root system makes a tree function
A key element to the root system is only six inches from the surface. This part of the
earth contains the most important part of the root system, small hair like roots that
absorb the nutrients and oxygen. Deeper roots exist to anchor the tree and absorb
water in drought conditions. The first six inches of the soil are often damaged in
construction. This section explains what happens in these first six inches and why this
layer of soil is vital to the tree.
On the forest floor leaves fall, decay, and wash into the soil. Animals also die and
decay, washing into the soil. Decayed matter releases nutrients in the soil and only
penetrates into the first six inches. Feeder roots naturally grow and work in these areas.
Scraping six inches off with a front end loader would eliminate a critical portion of the
root system leaving the tree to starve.
Fungi called mycorrhizae exist in a symbiotic relationship with feeder roots. Mycorrhizae
help break nutrients down so that they can easily be absorbed by feeder roots. Use
quality topsoil when adding beneath a tree so that mycorrizae is present. The quantity
of fill added is just as important as quality. More than six inches of added soil deprives
the tree of oxygen and eventually suffocates the tree.
0 Site Clearing ~~
Start with identification of exceptional trees that will require special care to survive.
These trees need barriers to protect the topsoil under the ~dripline. Residential sites can
use an inexpensive wooden fence while commercial sites require a chain link fence.
Any clearing done in this protected area should be done by hand or with a small rubber
tired bobcat. It is important to use a contractor experienced in root preservation or at
least to establish what is to be done (and not done) on this vital piece of ground.
Because the roots are underground they remain out of sight and, all to often, out of
mind. People forget about roots, thinking if they don't bump the stem or break a limb
they are practicing tree preservation. This is why the focus for preventing construction
damage needs to be on root preservation rather than the more obvious above ground
concerns. If the area under the dripline of the tree absolutely must be disturbed it should
be well planned and alternatives considered. If a concrete footer` needs to be in the
barricaded area, a bridge footer or pier type shou{d be used rather than a conventional
footer that would damage a much larger section of the root system.
0 Building Construction
As in site clearing, the barriers surrounding our "exceptional trees" are critical. Everyone
loves trees, not only because of their beauty, but because of the shade they provide.
Despite verbal warnings or signs posted, workers will be naturally attracted to use tree
shaded areas to park vehicles, pile bricks, stack lumber and a myriad of heavy objects
that damage the root system.
Because large areas are barricaded, special planning is required to find and designate
areas for heavy equipment to maneuver, parking, and other activities that require
precious space. For example, arrangements can be made for parking on a nearby lot.
Another example is a truss truck that normally unloads trusses next to the building may
need another area designated because of the proximity of these special trees to the
building. Tending to these issues beforehand prevents delays once construction has
begun.
• Utilities -Trenches
When an architect draws plans for utilities trenches he will choose the simplest route, a
straight line from point a to point b. Many times that involves digging right through the
root system. When reviewing plans, be sure trenches are outside the dripline. Plans
can be changed so that a slow curving line goes around the dripline or a trench can go
along the edge of the property and then make a bend leading to the building. Whatever
the solution, it is always important not to disturb the root system under the dripline of the
tree. It would be a shame to go through the other procedures we have discussed and
then have a utilities trench destroy the root system.
0 Site Grading and Paving
Architects planning drainage systems will sometimes design their systems without
considering trees. Stripping away or adding to much soil will kill the tree. Look at the
dripline and see where it drains and adapt the grade to the topography under that
dripline. This must be done in a way that ensures proper drainage of the tree and the
entire site as well.
Earthwork should be minimized with no grade changes under the dripline. No curb and
gutter should be done because of the trenching involved. Paving should be done on top
of the existing grade without disturbing the topsoil. Paving bricks or porous concrete
can be used near the trees to allow air and water to reach the root system.
A Landscaping
With all the precautions taken up to this point we cannot allow someone to install an
irrigation system with a trencher and sever large portions of the root system. How do we
get water to the tree without tearing up the root system?
The root system is like the spokes ofi a wheel radiating out from the center to the dripline
of the tree. If pipe must be laid under the dripline, it should be done in parallel with one
spoke rather than across several spokes.
Timing is important for pruning and fertilization. Pruning should be done prior to fnaf
Landscaping so small plants and shrubs under the tree will not be disturbed. Fertilizing is
best done approximately six months before construction to give the tree a solid ration of
minerals to strengthen it before this interference to its environment begins.
All trees would prefer to live in the natural forest floor. The forest floor consists of many
organic materials -rotting leaves, rotting trees, and other rotting vegetation. These
organic materials slowly percolate into the top six inches of the soil providing nutrients
for our trees. Grass or sod planted at the base of the tree is not helpful to this intricate
decomposition process. The best thing to do is to recreate the forest floor.
We can build large mulch areas under the tree with small boxwoods, azaleas or other
shrubs to simulate the forest floor. In this area you can install small flagstone walkways,
birdbaths and benches that invite you under the canopy of the tree. This is not only
beneficial to the tree but will also add to the beauty to the landscape.
Meeting Minutes for 6!21!99 mtg. @ 9:00 a.m.
Attendees: Mayor Suzanne Shaughnessy
Commissioner Mike~Borno
Commissioner Rick Beaver
Bob Kosoy, Director of Public Works
Early Piety, Arborist
Mr. Early Piety outlined the following information:
- 40% of a tree's root system is within its drip line (canopy), and the other 60%
is outside the drip line.
- There is an exponential destruction from the drip line inward to the trunk of a
tree, therefore no pulling with a backhoe due to fraying. Roots should be
sliced with a knife blade instead. Water uptake is maximum just outside of
drip line.
- Five years later destruction may show up.
- Tree preservation is not just avoiding cutting back bark and limbs.
- Roots are not as prolific in roadway, therefore inverted crown could be better.
- One year to a tree is similar to one day to a human.
- It is impractical to slice roots from time standpoint prior to excavation.
- From edge of roadway, massive root destruction cannot be avoided.
DISCUSSION TOPICS:
The R-A-M Group originally proposed inverted crown roadway for moving water and
economic reasons, but backed off of the concept due to too many trees and proposed
ribbon curb, but inlets can go back several feet. Either inverted crown or ribbon curb
concept can work if you design from "project back to the board."
Stormwater house connections need to avoid root systems where possible. Examples
of house flooding are Mrs. Eiler's home on 3~d Street, south of Plaza, but most flooded
properties are on Plaza, 9`h Street, 10"' Street and north.
Discussed berming of properties to hold back water, but proper road design can
address this issue.
Need aborist's expertise during design and construction. Realize that some trees will
need to be sacrificed; cannot save every tree. Arborist and design engineer agree,
then get contractor on board in pre-bidding stage, then emphasize after bid is awarded
and by proper inspection during construction, especially during the first week.
Barricades must be very sturdy, i.e., they break when hit or break object hitting them;
suggest chain link or 2x4 fence. Make contractor responsible for not moving protective
fence. Need to identify proper staging areas in bid. Can use residential specifications
from Early Piety for project. Object is to save trees and make contractors bid to specific
requirements of the City.
Mayor and Commissioners proposed that Staff advise R-A-M to bring Mr. Early Piety,
Arborist, on board contractually as an advisor on the plans as a tree protection agent
during design and construction. .
Preferred to establish contract with Mr. Early Piety directly with the City, in accordance
with bidding requirements of City and State. Mr. Piety estimates about 10+ hours in
design phase plus direct expenses, and during construction phase suggests an
estimate of hours not-to-exceed an agreed maximum. Emphasized that contract will
specify who to coordinate with directly, specific members of consultant and City.
Construction is scheduled for 18 months with the requirement that no two streets be
dug up simultaneously.
Reviewed inverted crown vs. ribbon curb where curb is jogged. Early stated that curbs
were jogged on Riverside Ave. Preservation Project which he has objection since object
was to save trees.
Mayor emphasized many advantages to inverted crown.
To accomodate the roadbead underneath you have to dig 10-12 inches deep in order to
get a 3 inch depression. Some waterlines may have to be moved. The tradeoff would
be that you do no further disturbance at the side of the roadways. With normal crown
some of the existing roadways could be kept.
It was deciced that Early would be directed to evaluate, road-by-road, which would be
better, inverted crown or ribbon curb, using a street sculpting, site specific approach.
According to Max Leggett, developer for Centex Homes - .the only safe place to put
the pipes is under the road, because it's the only place they will not be disturbed.
In R-A-M's own words, inverted crown roadway cross-section transports significant
amounts of water relatively inexpensively. Does not require installation of expensive
curb and gutter, but would require more street cleaning maintenance.
Meeting adjourned @ 10:49 a.m.
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